All p-local finite groups of rank two for odd prime p

In this paper we give a classification of the rank two p-local finite groups for odd p. This study requires the analisis of the possible saturated fusion systems in terms of the outer automorphism group ant the proper F-radical subgroups. Also, for each case in the classification, either we give a finite group with the corresponding fusion system or we check that it corresponds to an exotic p-local finite group, getting some new examples of these for p = 3

Understanding food waste behaviours along the food supply chain-a mutilevel approach

The visibility of the food waste volume along the food supply chain during the recent years has situated this topic in the policy and research agenda. Food waste entails environmental, ethical and economic impacts. There is a vast agreement on the urgency of reducing the current food waste generation. However, there is still several gaps of knowledge to better achieve it. The complexity of the food waste phenomenon requires in-depth analyses, including multiple dimensions and adopting a multi-actor approach, to better understand its causes and to adopt the most adequate of solutions. There is a lack of whole-supply approaches and multidimensional consumers’ understanding. To fill these gaps, the main objective of this thesis is to explain the factors influencing the food waste generation, as well as to explore potential measures to prevent and reduce the current food waste generation at different stages of the supply chain. To achieve this objective, this thesis is structured in two main parts. The first one considers the whole food supply chain while the second focusses at the household level. The specific objectives of the thesis are: 1) to analyse the causes of food waste generation and the circumstantial or structural nature along the food supply chain; 2) to identify and prioritize food waste prevention and reduction measures along the food supply chain; 3) to better understand consumer food waste behaviour by considering a multidimensional model; and 4) to critically analyse in-home consumer food waste measurement and the effect of framing and information on consumers’ perception of food waste generation. To achieve these objectives, the thesis employs both quantitative and qualitative methods. The two main parts of the thesis are divided in four chapters. The first part of the thesis (chapter 1 and 2) used a multi-stakeholder panel along the food supply chain to analyse the causes and solutions to food waste in the metropolitan region of Barcelona. In-depth interviews and a Delphi survey were employed. The second part (chapter 3 and 4) includes two consumer surveys, one in the Barcelona metropolitan region, and the other in the United States. The first survey tested and validated a multidimensional behavioural model to explain consumers’ food waste behaviour by means of the Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The second survey employ a survey experiment methodology. This thesis addresses the food waste debate from an innovative and holistic perspective. Chapters 1 and 2 provide meaningful evidences to understand the structural nature of food waste generation, as well as to find out solutions to prevent and reduce it by addressing the complex root of the phenomenon. Chapter 2 discusses the regional stakeholder’s proposals to prevent and reduce food waste by prioritizing them - following the hierarchy of food waste management- into strong prevention, weak prevention, and redistribution solutions. Chapter 3 and 4 offer innovative approaches to understand, and accordingly address, consumers’ food waste. Chapter 3 proposes and validates a model that predicts food waste by means of consumers’ food-related behaviours, waste-related behaviour, environmental concern, and materialism values. Chapter 4 demonstrates the influence of different framings (volume, monetary, social, and environmental) in consumer’s self-reporting of food waste, as well as the effect of information on their perception. Chapter 3 and 4 test different alternatives to measure consumer food waste generation. Overall, the thesis contributes to the growing body of literature by offering multidimensional approaches to analyse the food waste phenomenon, and it does so by offering first-hand data from each case study – which is very scarce nowadays. Finally, the findings are of greater interest to both policy bodies and researchers in the field of sustainable food system.La visibilidad durante los últimos años del desperdicio alimentario generado, a lo largo de la cadena agroalimentaria, ha situado este tema en la agenda política y de investigación. El desperdicio alimentario conlleva impactos ambientales, éticos y económicos. Existe un amplio consenso en la urgencia de reducir el desperdicio generado hoy en día. No obstante, todavía existen múltiples aspectos sin estudiar que lo dificultan. La complejidad del fenómeno requiere de análisis en profundidad, que incluyan múltiples dimensiones y diversidad de agentes, para entender mejor las causas de éste y adoptar las mejores soluciones. Existe una carencia de enfoques de cadena y estudios multidimensionales en consumidores. El principal objetivo de esta tesis es explicar los factores que influyen en la generación de desperdicio alimentario, así como explorar potenciales soluciones para prevenir y reducir el volumen de desperdicio generado en diferentes etapas de la cadena agroalimentaria. Para lograr este objetivo, la tesis se estructura en dos partes. La primera engloba toda la cadena agroalimentaria y la segunda se centra en los hogares. Los objetivos específicos de la tesis son: 1) analizar las causas del desperdicio alimentario y su naturaleza estructural o coyuntural a lo largo de la cadena agroalimentaria, 2) identificar y priorizar medidas para la prevención y la reducción del desperdicio alimentario a lo largo de la cadena agroalimentaria, 3) entender el comportamiento del consumidor en cuanto al desperdicio alimentario considerando un modelo multidimensional, y 4) analizar críticamente la medición del desperdicio alimentario en el hogar y el efecto que diferentes dimensiones e información tienen en la percepción del consumidor sobre su generación. Para lograr estos objetivos, la presente tesis emplea tanto métodos cuantitativos como cualitativos. Las dos partes principales de la tesis se dividen en cuatro capítulos. La primera parte (capítulo 1 y 2) emplea un panel de agentes relevantes de la cadena agroalimentaria para analizar las causas y soluciones al desperdicio alimentario en el área metropolitana de Barcelona. Para ello se desarrollan entrevistas en profundidad y un cuestionario Delphi. La segunda parte (capítulo 3 y 4) comprende dos encuestas a consumidores, una en el área metropolitana de Barcelona y otra en Estados Unidos. La primera encuesta analiza y valida un modelo multidimensional de comportamiento del consumidor por medio de ecuaciones estructurales (PLS-SEM). La segunda, aplica un método de encuesta experimental. La tesis aborda el debate del desperdicio alimentario desde una perspectiva innovadora y holística. Los capítulos 1 y 2 ofrecen evidencias para entender la naturaleza estructural del problema, así como para encontrar soluciones para prevenir y reducir el desperdicio orientadas a la raíz del problema. El capítulo 2 prioriza las propuestas de los agentes del caso de estudio para prevenir y reducir el desperdicio (siguiendo la jerarquía de gestión del desperdicio) en prevención fuerte, prevención débil y redistribución. Los capítulos 3 y 4 ofrecen un enfoque innovador para entender, y en consecuencia abordar, el desperdicio alimentario del consumidor. El capítulo 3 propone y valida un modelo que predice el desperdicio alimentario en función de comportamientos en alimentación, gestión de residuos, la conciencia ambiental y los valores materialistas de los consumidores. El capítulo 4 demuestra la influencia de diferentes dimensiones (volumen, monetaria, social y ambiental) en la autoevaluación del desperdicio alimentario, así como el efecto de la información. Los capítulos 3 y 4 examinan alternativas para medir el desperdicio alimentario del consumidor. En general, la tesis contribuye a la creciente literatura científica ofreciendo enfoques multidimensionales para analizar el desperdicio alimentario a la vez que aportando datos primarios de los casos de estudiosPostprint (published version

Micronutrient fertilization for corn and soybean

Improvements in crop genetics and increased yield potential with a more intensive production system typically involve a greater demand for commercial fertilizers to secure maximum yields. This raises the question about the role of secondary and micronutrient fertilizers to increase yields. Some soil conditions such as high soil pH and low organic matter may also contribute to decrease the supply of micronutrients to crops. Consequently, there is an increasing interest from producers about the potential benefits of micronutrients as complement of their fertilization programs to maximize yields in corn and soybean

International auditing standards, a fundamental tool in audit firms

Atendiendo a los requerimientos de la normatividad internacional, las Firmas de Auditoria deben auditar estados financieros preparados conforme a NIIF adoptando dentro de sus procedimientos Normas Internacionales de Auditoria NIA, principios y procedimientos básicos y esenciales para que el auditor realice su trabajo de mejor manera, permitiendo así que estas NIA se conviertan en una herramienta fundamental para que las firmas atiendan a la normatividad internacional, brinden un mejor servicio, mejoren la calidad de su trabajo y el desempeño profesional de sus integrantes.According to the requirements of the international regulations, the signatures of audit should audit States financial prepared according to IFRS adopting within their procedures standards international of audit ISA, principles and procedures basic and essential for the auditor perform their work better, allowing so these standards international of audit is converted in a tool fundamental to the signatures provide a better service, improve the quality of its work and the performance professional of their members

Democratization Enabled By Participatory Premises In The Qualitative Study Of Companies Recovered By Their Workers (CRW)

Incidents of companies being recovered by their workers that have occurred in different countries have attracted media attention. Based on ideological tendencies, some experts have interpreted these processes as an indicator for their fulfilment of their own predictions.In contrast to these interpretations, this article focuses on the effectiveness of the use of the main premises of Participatory Action Research (PAR). The focus is on understanding the point of view of the involved protagonists. Qualitative evidence is presented (Dz Ru, 2014) demonstrating the existence of disaffected feelings towards experts caused by their inverviewing approaches. This disaffection is explained as a consequence of pre-built ideas connected to the experts' ideological tendencies

Spanish Companies' Conversion Into Cooperatives As A Collective Resistance Response To Unemployment

The samples of depletion in the current economical and productive model observed by various authors from different disciplines provide the framework of business recovery processes and companies' conversion into cooperatives by their workers. These processes can be observed in countries like Argentina, the USA, Greece and Spain.The main reason for this response lies in the organization of collective resistance strategies to prevent unemployment. The strategies represent an implicit criticism of the economical and productive model based on increased unemployment, job insecurity and instability.Based on the qualitative results and a set of surveys obtained in previous research conducted in Argentina (Dz Ruiz, 2014) and using discursive material recently collected in a private company in Cuenca (Spain), this paper will study the common elements of both scenarios. The result is the depiction of the conversion processes through the subjective vision of the main protagonists

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Peer Reviewe

Could representations influence strategy?

A central question in industrial marketing is whether the form in which the external environment of a firm is represented influences the marketing strategy. This influence has been studied generally through case study research, and quantitative evidence is limited. In response to this limitation, this paper reports on a quasi-experiment investigating whether market representations have a constructive aspect in business. Empirically, this study compares two types of ostensive and performative market representations—service focus and product differentiation—in order to test for influence exacted by industrial marketing on strategies. Results indicate that service focus is selected when market representations rely on agency in firms (i.e., performative), and product strategies are selected when structures are emphasized (i.e., ostensive). This paper contributes to methodology development by expanding the link between a case study approach and quasi-experiments explaining how quasi-experiments can replicate findings in industrial marketing.peerReviewe

Managing poultry manure nitrogen for optimum corn yields and minimum environmental loss

Appropriate poultry manure management is essential to ensure maximum crop nitrogen (N) utilization and reduce risk of negative environmental impact. Poultry manure sources can provide a significant supply of nutrients for corn (Zea mays L.) production. While the main focus is usually on N and phosphorus (P), poultry manure is also an excellent source of other nutrients like potassium (K) as well as secondary and micronutrients where needed (Brock et al., 2006). Field application is typically based on P due to high concentration relative to N in the manure, and application may be limited to avoid over application of P. However, concerns exist about possible N application at rates higher than needed for corn with potential for contamination of water bodies due to leaching or runoff of excess N