18 research outputs found

    Racism and identity: a critical discourse analysis of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah

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    This paper aims to analyze racist discourses and identity aspects in the novel Americanah (2013), written by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. The main objectives of this research are to identify the impacts immigration brought to the protagonist’s social and personal life and to determine how her identity construction was affected by stereotypes and social structure. The methodology used in this study was a bibliographical research. The work is divided into two sections: firstly, a literature review, explaining theories on Critical Discourse Analysis, identity and racism, developed by authors such as Beale (1970), Smit (1996), Fairclough (2009) and Feagin (2014); afterwards, a critical analysis of excerpts and dialogues extracted from the book.This paper aims to analyze racist discourses and identity aspects in the novel Americanah (2013), written by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. The main objectives of this research are to identify the impacts immigration brought to the protagonist’s social and personal life and to determine how her identity construction was affected by stereotypes and social structure. The methodology used in this study was a bibliographical research. The work is divided into two sections: firstly, a literature review, explaining theories on Critical Discourse Analysis, identity and racism, developed by authors such as Beale (1970), Smit (1996), Fairclough (2009) and Feagin (2014); afterwards, a critical analysis of excerpts and dialogues extracted from the book

    Principais complicações dos esquemas de revascularização do tecido cardíaco em indivíduos que sofreram infarto agudo do miocárdio

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    The article aims to identify the main complications, listed in the literature, in patients after myocardial revascularization schemes. And as a secondary objective, to expose the main concepts about Coronary Artery Diseases (CADs). This is a narrative review of a critical and analytical nature, in research on the main concepts regarding CABG complications, in addition to the essential aspects of diagnosis and treatment. A review of articles was carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and PubMed databases, with the following Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): Coronary disease; Acute myocardial infarction; Revascularization. Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of global mortality and have the potential to cause significant and irreversible damage, such as physical limitations and dependence, which directly affect patients' quality of life. In summary, the study made it possible to identify and understand the complications faced by patients who have undergone AMI and have undergone different methods of cardiac revascularization as treatment. Complications observed include atrial fibrillation, sudden death, ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, infections, new episodes of heart attack, as well as stroke and hemorrhagic events that can lead to postoperative death.El artículo tiene como objetivo identificar las principales complicaciones, enumeradas en la literatura, en pacientes después de esquemas de revascularización miocárdica. Y como objetivo secundario, exponer los conceptos principales sobre las Enfermedades de las Arterias Coronarias (EAC). Se trata de una revisión narrativa, de carácter crítico y analítico, en la investigación sobre los principales conceptos sobre las complicaciones de la CABG, además de los aspectos esenciales del diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se realizó una revisión de artículos en las bases de datos Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y PubMed, con los siguientes Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS): Enfermedad coronaria; Infarto agudo del miocardio; Revascularización. Las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (ECV) son la principal causa de mortalidad global y tienen el potencial de causar daños importantes e irreversibles, como limitaciones físicas y dependencia, que afectan directamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En resumen, el estudio permitió identificar y comprender las complicaciones que enfrentan los pacientes que han sufrido un IAM y han sido sometidos a diferentes métodos de revascularización cardíaca como tratamiento. Las complicaciones observadas incluyen fibrilación auricular, muerte súbita, arritmias ventriculares, insuficiencia cardíaca, infecciones, nuevos episodios de infarto, así como accidentes cerebrovasculares y eventos hemorrágicos que pueden provocar la muerte posoperatoria.O artigo possui como objetivo identificar as principais complicações, listadas em literatura, em pacientes após os esquemas de revascularização do miocárdio. E como objetivo secundário, expor os principais conceitos sobre as Doenças Arteriais Coronarianas (DACs). Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de caráter crítico e analítico, na  pesquisa  sobre  os principais  conceitos  no  que tange às complicações da CRM, além dos aspectos essenciais de diagnóstico e tratamento. Foi  realizada  uma  revisão  de  artigos  nas  bases  de  dados   Scientific  Electronic  Library  Online (SciELO) e PubMed, com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências  da  Saúde  (DeCS): Doença coronariana; Infarto agudo do miocárdio; Revascularização. As Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCVs) constituem a principal causa de mortalidade global e têm o potencial de provocar danos significativos e irreversíveis, como limitações físicas e dependência, que afetam diretamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.Em síntese, o estudo permitiu identificar e entender as complicações enfrentadas por pacientes que passaram por IAM e foram submetidos a diferentes métodos de revascularização cardíaca como tratamento. As complicações observadas incluem fibrilação atrial, morte súbita, arritmias ventriculares, insuficiência cardíaca, infecções, novos episódios de infarto, além de AVC e eventos hemorrágicos que podem levar à morte pós-operatória

    Manejo Inicial do Acidente Vascular Encefálico em Unidades de Emergência: Uma Revisão Integrativa

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    Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, requiring rapid and effective management in emergency units. This integrative review aims to synthesize best practices, therapeutic advances, and technological innovations in the initial management of stroke. Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were analyzed, covering topics from digital technologies, such as mobile applications, to emergency therapies, such as thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. The results indicate that the implementation of digital technologies improves triage and communication among healthcare professionals, while emergency therapies are effective in reducing the severity of neurological deficits. Pre-hospital triage and continuous training of professionals are crucial for high-quality care. A multidisciplinary approach, including early physiotherapy intervention, contributes to better functional outcomes. It is concluded that an integrated and coordinated approach is essential to optimize clinical outcomes and reduce the burden of stroke. Effective implementation of these strategies depends on investments in infrastructure, training, and ongoing research.O acidente vascular encefálico é uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade, exigindo manejo rápido e eficaz em unidades de emergência. Esta revisão integrativa visa sintetizar as melhores práticas, avanços terapêuticos e inovações tecnológicas no atendimento inicial do acidente vascular encefálico. Foram analisados estudos publicados entre 2019 e 2024, abordando desde tecnologias digitais, como aplicativos móveis, até terapias emergenciais, como a trombólise e a trombectomia mecânica. Os resultados indicam que a implementação de tecnologias digitais melhora a triagem e a comunicação entre os profissionais de saúde, enquanto as terapias emergenciais são eficazes na redução da gravidade dos déficits neurológicos. A triagem pré-hospitalar e a capacitação contínua dos profissionais são cruciais para um atendimento de alta qualidade. A abordagem multidisciplinar, incluindo a intervenção precoce da fisioterapia, contribui para melhores desfechos funcionais. Conclui-se que uma abordagem integrada e coordenada é essencial para otimizar os resultados clínicos e reduzir a carga do acidente vascular encefálico. A implementação eficaz dessas estratégias depende de investimentos em infraestrutura, treinamento e pesquisa contínua

    Intervenções de Urgência em Virada de Polo Bipolar: Uma Revisão Integrativa

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    This study aims to identify and synthesize the best practices and protocols for managing bipolar mood swings in patients with Bipolar Disorder in emergency settings. Through an integrative review, pharmacological, neuromodulatory, and psychosocial interventions were analyzed, along with specific approaches for different age groups. The results highlight that the combination of mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics is effective in quickly controlling symptoms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in theta-burst (TBS) mode emerges as a promising alternative for patients resistant to conventional treatments. Psychosocial approaches that consider contextual and emotional factors are crucial for effectively managing crises. Personalization of treatment and emotional support are essential for patient recovery. This study emphasizes the importance of integrated interventions tailored to individual needs, proposing well-defined protocols to improve clinical practice in emergency contexts. Limitations include the heterogeneity of the reviewed studies and the need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of combined interventions in different settings.Este estudo visa identificar e sintetizar as melhores práticas e protocolos para o manejo de viradas de polo bipolar em pacientes com Transtorno de Bipolaridade em ambientes de urgência. Através de uma revisão integrativa, foram analisadas intervenções farmacológicas, neuromodulatórias e psicossociais, além de abordagens específicas para diferentes faixas etárias. Os resultados destacam que a combinação de estabilizadores de humor e antipsicóticos atípicos é eficaz no controle rápido dos sintomas. A estimulação magnética transcraniana na modalidade theta-burst (TBS) emerge como uma alternativa promissora para pacientes resistentes a tratamentos convencionais. Abordagens psicossociais que consideram fatores contextuais e emocionais são cruciais para o manejo eficaz das crises. A personalização do tratamento e o suporte emocional são essenciais para a recuperação dos pacientes. Este estudo enfatiza a importância de intervenções integradas e adaptadas às necessidades individuais, propondo protocolos bem definidos para melhorar a prática clínica em contextos de emergência. As limitações incluem a heterogeneidade dos estudos revisados e a necessidade de mais pesquisas que avaliem a eficácia de intervenções combinadas em diferentes contextos

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Tamponamento intrauterino induzido por vácuo para hemorragia pós-parto: uma revisão sistemática

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    A hemorragia pós-parto (HPP) é uma complicação grave e uma das principais causas de mortalidade materna global, respondendo por aproximadamente 25% de todos os óbitos maternos. A busca por intervenções eficazes e seguras é crítica para melhorar os desfechos maternos. O tamponamento intrauterino induzido por vácuo (VHD) surgiu como uma abordagem promissora, oferecendo potencial para rápido controle do sangramento e redução da necessidade de procedimentos invasivos. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade na prática clínica moderna. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura de 2016 a 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library e SciELO. A seleção dos estudos foi baseada em critérios de inclusão e exclusão rigorosos, focando na eficácia, segurança e aplicabilidade do VHD para tratamento da HPP. Três estudos chave foram analisados, com pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com VHD para HPP. Os resultados demonstraram uma taxa de sucesso no tratamento variando de 73% a 94%, com um controle do sangramento alcançado em uma média de 3 minutos. Foi observada uma redução significativa na necessidade de transfusões maciças de sangue e na perda de sangue estimada quando comparado com o tamponamento com balão uterino. Eventos adversos foram relatados, mas todos resolveram-se sem sequelas graves. O tamponamento intrauterino induzido por vácuo apresenta-se como uma opção promissora no tratamento da hemorragia pós-parto, com resultados consistentes indicando eficácia no controle do sangramento e redução na necessidade de transfusões sanguíneas. Embora os resultados sejam encorajadores, mais estudos são necessários para confirmar essas descobertas e explorar plenamente o potencial do VHD na prática clínica. O VHD emerge como uma alternativa eficaz e segura, com potencial para melhorar significativamente os desfechos maternos e reduzir a morbimortalidade associada à HPP

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
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