288 research outputs found
High Frequency of Extra-Pair Paternity in Eastern Kingbirds
Genetic parentage in the socially monogamous and territorial Eastern Kingbird( Tyrannust tyrannus) was examined in a central New York population by multilocus DNA fingerprinting. Extra-pair young were identified in 60% (12 of 20) of nests. Of the 64 nestlings profiled, 42% were sired by extra-pair males, but no cases of conspecific brood parasitism were detected. These results are markedly different from a previous electrophoretic study of the same species in a Michigan population, which reported 39% of nestlings were unrelated to one (typically the mother, quasiparasitismo)r both (conspecificb roodp arasitism) of the putative parents. In the New York population, extra-pairp aternityw as most common among females that returned to breed on a former territory. Among females that were new to a breeding territory, extrapair paternity increased directly with breeding density. Although the power of the tests was low, neither breeding synchrony nor male experience with a breeding territory appeared to be associated with the occurrence of extra-pair young
Bundap Marram Durn Durn : engagement with Aboriginal women experiencing comorbid chronic physical and mental health conditions
Objective: To explore antecedents of health service engagement and experience among urban Aboriginal people with comorbid physical and mental health conditions. Methods: Focus groups and interviews were conducted with Aboriginal people who had comorbid health conditions and were accessing Aboriginal and/or mainstream services. Results: Nineteen participants, all women, were recruited. Participantsâ personal histories and
prior experience of health services affected effective service utilisation. Participantsâ service experiences were characterised by long waiting times in the public health system and high healthcare staff turnover. Trusted professionals were able to act as brokers to other clinically and culturally competent practitioners. Conclusions: Many urban Aboriginal women attended health services with multiple comorbid conditions including chronic disease and mental health issues. Several barriers and enablers were identified concerning the capacity of services to engage and effectively manage Aboriginal patientsâ conditions. Implications: Results indicate the need to explore strategies to improve health care utilisation by urban Aboriginal women
Duration of wrinkle correction following repeat treatment with Juvéderm hyaluronic acid fillers
Many patients elect to have repeat treatments with hyaluronic acid dermal fillers to maintain wrinkle correction, but the clinical performance of these products after repeat treatments has not been formally assessed. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of JuvĂ©derm injectable gel (JuvĂ©derm Ultra, JuvĂ©derm Ultra Plus, and JuvĂ©derm 30) through 1 year after repeat treatment of nasolabial folds (NLFs) that were previously treated with JuvĂ©derm or Zyplast 6â9 months prior to the repeat treatment. Upon completion of the pivotal IDE clinical trial for JuvĂ©derm, five of the original 11 study sites were selected to participate in an extended follow-up evaluation, and a total of 80 subjects were enrolled. For the JuvĂ©derm-treated NLFs in each treatment group, the median injection volume was 1.5â1.6 mL for initial treatment but only 0.5â0.6 mL for the repeat treatment (p < 0.0001). Mean Investigator-assigned NLF severity scores on a scale of 0â4 for the JuvĂ©derm-treated NLFs improved from 2.5â2.7 (moderate to severe) at baseline to 1.2â1.5 (mild) just prior to repeat treatment (>24 weeks) and 0.7â0.9 (mild) at 4 weeks after repeat treatment. At 48 weeks post-repeat treatment, the mean NLF scores were 1.1â1.3 (mild), and 78â90% of subjects were considered responders (â„1 point improvement). Thus, subjects sustained a total of 18â21 months of wrinkle correction with a repeat treatment at 6â9 months and needed substantially less filler (60% less) for repeat treatment than for initial treatment, indicating that retreatment at this timepoint may be beneficial to patients
Pragmatic evaluation of a coproduced physical activity referral scheme:a UK quasi-experimental study
Contains fulltext :
226129.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access
Response to the editorial by Dr Geraghty
This article is written in response to the linked editorial by Dr Geraghty about the adaptive Pacing, graded Activity and Cognitive behaviour therapy; a randomised Evaluation (PACE) trial, which we led, implemented and published. The PACE trial compared four treatments for people diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome. All participants in the trial received specialist medical care. The trial found that adding cognitive behaviour therapy or graded exercise therapy to specialist medical care was as safe as, and more effective than, adding adaptive pacing therapy or specialist medical care alone. Dr Geraghty has challenged these findings. In this article, we suggest that Dr Geraghtyâs views are based on misunderstandings and misrepresentations of the PACE trial; these are corrected
Recommended from our members
Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences
The male bias in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) has led to females with ASC being under-researched. This lack of attention to females could hide variability due to sex that may explain some of the heterogeneity within ASC. In this study we investigate four key cognitive domains (mentalizing and emotion perception, executive function, perceptual attention to detail, and motor function) in ASC, to test for similarities and differences between males and females with and without ASC (n = 128 adults; n = 32 per group). In the mentalizing and facial emotion perception domain, males and females with ASC showed similar deficits compared to neurotypical controls. However, in attention to detail and dexterity involving executive function, although males with ASC showed poorer performance relative to neurotypical males, females with ASC performed comparably to neurotypical females. We conclude that performance in the social-cognitive domain is equally impaired in male and female adults with ASC. However, in specific non-social cognitive domains, performance within ASC depends on sex. This suggests that in specific domains, cognitive profiles in ASC are modulated by sex
Preliminary effects and acceptability of a co-produced physical activity referral intervention
Objectives: To explore the preliminary effects and acceptability of a co-produced physical activity referral intervention.
Study Design: Longitudinal design with data collected at baseline and post a 12-week physical activity referral intervention.
Setting. Community leisure centre.
Methods: 32 adults with controlled lifestyle-related health conditions took part in a physical activity referral intervention (co-produced by a multidisciplinary stakeholder group) comprising 12 weeksâ subsidised fitness centre access plus four behaviour change consultations. A complete case analysis (t-tests and magnitude-based inferences) was conducted to assess baseline-to-12-week change in physical activity, cardiometabolic, and psychological measures. Semi-structured interviews were conducted (n=12) to explore experiences of the intervention.
Results: Mean improvements were observed in cardiorespiratory fitness-2 (3.6 ml.kg.-1min-1 (95% confidence interval 1.9 to 5.4) P<0.001) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (12.6 min.day (95% CI 4.3 to 29.6) P=0.013). Participants were positive about the support from exercise referral practitioners, but experienced some challenges in a busy and under staffed gym environment.
Conclusions: A co-produced physical activity referral intervention elicited short-term improvements in physical activity and cardiometabolic health. Further refinements may be required, via ongoing feedback between stakeholders, researchers and service users, to achieve the intended holistic physical activity focus of the intervention, prior to a definitive trial
Dense Gas, Dynamical Equilibrium Pressure, and Star Formation in Nearby Star-Forming Galaxies
We use new ALMA observations to investigate the connection between dense gas
fraction, star formation rate, and local environment across the inner region of
four local galaxies showing a wide range of molecular gas depletion times. We
map HCN (1-0), HCO (1-0), CS (2-1), CO (1-0), and CO (1-0)
across the inner few kpc of each target. We combine these data with short
spacing information from the IRAM large program EMPIRE, archival CO maps,
tracers of stellar structure and recent star formation, and recent HCN surveys
by Bigiel et al. and Usero et al. We test the degree to which changes in the
dense gas fraction drive changes in the SFR. (tracing the
dense gas fraction) correlates strongly with (tracing molecular gas
surface density), stellar surface density, and dynamical equilibrium pressure,
. Therefore, becomes very low and HCN becomes very
faint at large galactocentric radii, where ratios as low as become common. The apparent ability of dense gas to form stars,
(where is traced by the HCN
intensity and the star formation rate is traced by a combination of H
and 24m emission), also depends on environment.
decreases in regions of high gas surface density,
high stellar surface density, and high . Statistically, these
correlations between environment and both and
are stronger than that between apparent dense gas fraction
() and the apparent molecular gas star formation efficiency
. We show that these results are not specific to
HCN.Comment: 31 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical
Journal, email for access to data table before publicatio
- âŠ