Predicting needlestick and sharps injuries in nursing students: Development of the SNNIP scale

Aim: To develop an instrument to investigate knowledge and predictive factors of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) in nursing students during clinical placements. Design: Instrument development and cross-sectional study for psychometric testing. Methods: A self-administered instrument including demographic data, injury epidemiology and predictive factors of NSIs was developed between October 2018–January 2019. Content validity was assessed by a panel of experts. The instrument's factor structure and discriminant validity were explored using principal components analysis. The STROBE guidelines were followed. Results: Evidence of content validity was found (S-CVI 0.75; I-CVI 0.50–1.00). A three-factor structure was shown by exploratory factor analysis. Of the 238 participants, 39% had been injured at least once, of which 67.3% in the second year. Higher perceptions of “personal exposure” (4.06, SD 3.78) were reported by third-year students. Higher scores for “perceived benefits” of preventive behaviours (13.6, SD 1.46) were reported by second-year students

Establishing Zebrafish as a Novel Exercise Model: Swimming Economy, Swimming-Enhanced Growth and Muscle Growth Marker Gene Expression

Zebrafish has been largely accepted as a vertebrate multidisciplinary model but its usefulness as a model for exercise physiology has been hampered by the scarce knowledge on its swimming economy, optimal swimming speeds and cost of transport. Therefore, we have performed individual and group-wise swimming experiments to quantify swimming economy and to demonstrate the exercise effects on growth in adult zebrafish

The establishment of exotic Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Pacific rivers of Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina

The aim of this paper is to report the colonization process of three headwater rivers of two large trans-national Pacific river basins shared by Chile and Argentina, by exotic Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). To characterize the populations at the sites, fish were analyzed in terms of length, weight, age, and stream residency patterns. Fishermen familiar with the area were interviewed to establish the seasonal occurrence of fish and to reconstruct the history of the colonization process. Records of salmon production in Chile by regions were examined to evaluate the potential origin of fish in coastal net pen aquaculture. The regularity of spawning runs in our study sites indicates that Chinook salmon have established spawning populations in these rivers. While spawning was verified in all three rivers, only one seems to serve as a holding area for pre-spawning salmon early in spring. The correlation in the historical occurrence of Chinook salmon in the three rivers suggests that they have been colonized as part of the same introduction event. Moreover, the temporal correlation with the development of ocean net pen production for this species in the Chiloé region suggests that the fish may originate from escapes from these enterprises. As in all previous reports of exotic Chinook salmon in Patagonia and New Zealand, populations in the three rivers have a combination of stream and ocean ecotypes. We discuss the importance of plasticity in critical life history characteristics for the success of Chinook salmon in Patagonia, compared to other species of anadromous salmonids