Some recent advances for limit theorems

We present some recent developments for limit theorems in probability theory, illustrating the variety of this field of activity. The recent results we discuss range from Stein’s method, as well as for infinitely divisible distributions as applications of this method in stochastic geometry, to asymptotics for some discrete models. They deal with rates of convergence, functional convergences for correlated random walks and shape theorems for growth models

Precipitation in original Duralumin A-U4G versus modern 2017A alloy

Precipitation in Duralumin, a historic quaternary alloy of the type: Al–Cu–Mg–Si, was never fully studied nor observed by current electron microscopy techniques. This article presents the full characterization and comparison of two alloys: a Duralumin (A-U4G) from the 1950s collected on a vintage aircraft and its modern equivalent: a 2017A alloy. The as-received and peak-aging states were analysed with DSC, SAXS and TEM advanced techniques. It is shown that old Duralumin and modern 2017A present a similar nanoprecipitation in the as-received state and behave similarly upon artificial aging. As opposed to what has been reported in the past, three types of precipitates participating in hardening were found upon aging: θ’-Al2Cu, Q’(Q)-AlCuMgSi and Ω-Al2Cu

Seasonal and Regional Dynamics of M. ulcerans Transmission in Environmental Context: Deciphering the Role of Water Bugs as Hosts and Vectors

Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is a devastating skin disease. Most cases of Buruli ulcer occur in poor rural communities. As a result, treatment is frequently sought too late and about 25% of those infected—particularly children—become permanently disabled. Outbreaks of Buruli ulcer have always been associated with swampy areas. However, the route(s) of bacillus transmission is (are) still unclear. This Mycobacterium species resides in water where it colonizes many ecological niches such as aquatic plants, herbivorous animals and predatory/carnivorous insects. For several years the role of water bugs as hosts and vectors of M. ulcerans was suspected and was demonstrated under laboratory conditions. The aim of this work was to further assess the role of water bugs as hosts and vectors of M. ulcerans in environmental context. This work identifies several water bug families as hosts of M. ulcerans in Buruli ulcer endemic area. The detection of bacilli in saliva of human biting insects provides further evidence for their role in M. ulcerans transmission. Interestingly, three of these insects are good flyers, and as such could participate in M. ulcerans dissemination

The case study to understand the reinvention of the contemporary large company illustrated by the case of excubation, a new practice of corporate entrepreneurship

Pour relever les nombreux défis qui les assaillent les grandes entreprises doivent se transformer et notamment revivifier leur esprit entrepreneurial émoussé par leur taille, la complexité de leur organisation, leur aversion à la prise de risque... La thèse développe l’idée qu’un dispositif d’étude de cas à grande échelle comme celui mis en place par l’École de Paris du management est un outil méthodologiquement pertinent pour saisir les nombreuses innovations managériales des grandes entreprises notamment en matière de Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE). Cette thèse, s’appuie à titre d’exemple sur une nouvelle pratique entrepreneuriale mal identifiée dans la littérature visant à confier à une société extérieure la responsabilité de transformer une idée d’activité nouvelle en société viable dans une relation duale de sous-traitance et d’associé dans un joint-venture. Cette pratique a été repérée dans une centaine d’entreprises en Europe et est qualifié par certains acteurs d’excubation. Une telle étude de cas enrichit les connaissances en matière d’intrapreneuriat, de sous-traitance, de gestion de portefeuille de projets d’innovation mais aussi d’attachement psychologique de l’entrepreneur à l’entreprise ainsi créée.Cette thèse de VAE s’appuie également sur un article déjà publié en 2019 dans Gérer et Comprendre qui s’appuie sur une vingtaine de cas pour rendre compte des différentes stratégies développées par les entreprises traditionnelles pour s’adapter efficacement à l’émergence des plateformes numériques et éviter ainsi l’uberisation et le déclassement brutal.In order to meet the many challenges that beset them, large companies must transform themselves and, in particular, revitalise their entrepreneurial spirit, which is blunted by their size, the complexity of their organisation, their aversion to risk-taking, etc. The thesis develops the idea that a large-scale case study system such as the one set up by the Paris School of Management is a methodologically relevant tool for grasping the many managerial innovations of large companies, particularly in the field of Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE). This thesis is based on the example of a new entrepreneurial practice that is poorly identified in the literature and aims to entrust an external company with the responsibility of transforming a new business idea into a viable company in a dual relationship of subcontractor and partner in a joint venture. This practice has been identified in about 100 companies in Europe and is referred to by some actors as excubation. Such a case study enriches the knowledge on intrapreneurship, subcontracting, portfolio management of innovation projects but also on the psychological attachment of the entrepreneur to the company thus created.This VAE thesis is also based on an article already published in 2019 in Gérer et Comprendre, which uses twenty or so cases to report on the various strategies developed by traditional companies to adapt effectively to the emergence of digital platforms and thus avoid uberisation and sudden downgrading

L’étude de cas pour appréhender la réinvention de la grande entreprise contemporaine illustrée par le cas de l’excubation, une nouvelle pratique de corporate entrepreneurship

In order to meet the many challenges that beset them, large companies must transform themselves and, in particular, revitalise their entrepreneurial spirit, which is blunted by their size, the complexity of their organisation, their aversion to risk-taking, etc. The thesis develops the idea that a large-scale case study system such as the one set up by the Paris School of Management is a methodologically relevant tool for grasping the many managerial innovations of large companies, particularly in the field of Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE). This thesis is based on the example of a new entrepreneurial practice that is poorly identified in the literature and aims to entrust an external company with the responsibility of transforming a new business idea into a viable company in a dual relationship of subcontractor and partner in a joint venture. This practice has been identified in about 100 companies in Europe and is referred to by some actors as excubation. Such a case study enriches the knowledge on intrapreneurship, subcontracting, portfolio management of innovation projects but also on the psychological attachment of the entrepreneur to the company thus created.This VAE thesis is also based on an article already published in 2019 in Gérer et Comprendre, which uses twenty or so cases to report on the various strategies developed by traditional companies to adapt effectively to the emergence of digital platforms and thus avoid uberisation and sudden downgrading.Pour relever les nombreux défis qui les assaillent les grandes entreprises doivent se transformer et notamment revivifier leur esprit entrepreneurial émoussé par leur taille, la complexité de leur organisation, leur aversion à la prise de risque... La thèse développe l’idée qu’un dispositif d’étude de cas à grande échelle comme celui mis en place par l’École de Paris du management est un outil méthodologiquement pertinent pour saisir les nombreuses innovations managériales des grandes entreprises notamment en matière de Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE). Cette thèse, s’appuie à titre d’exemple sur une nouvelle pratique entrepreneuriale mal identifiée dans la littérature visant à confier à une société extérieure la responsabilité de transformer une idée d’activité nouvelle en société viable dans une relation duale de sous-traitance et d’associé dans un joint-venture. Cette pratique a été repérée dans une centaine d’entreprises en Europe et est qualifié par certains acteurs d’excubation. Une telle étude de cas enrichit les connaissances en matière d’intrapreneuriat, de sous-traitance, de gestion de portefeuille de projets d’innovation mais aussi d’attachement psychologique de l’entrepreneur à l’entreprise ainsi créée.Cette thèse de VAE s’appuie également sur un article déjà publié en 2019 dans Gérer et Comprendre qui s’appuie sur une vingtaine de cas pour rendre compte des différentes stratégies développées par les entreprises traditionnelles pour s’adapter efficacement à l’émergence des plateformes numériques et éviter ainsi l’uberisation et le déclassement brutal

Sensitivity of the meridional transport in a 1.5-layer ocean model to localized mass sources

The response of a 1.5-layer ocean model forced by localized stochastic mass sources is studied. The focus is on the sensitivity of the spectral characteristics of the meridional transport to the location and the extent of the source region. In all the experiments, performed in hemispheric and interhemispheric basins, the spectra show a peak at interannual time scale revealing the existence of an oscillation. The period of the oscillation is defined by the zonal extent of the forcing, whereas its amplitude is affected by its location. When the source region is located in the northwestern corner of the basin, the peak emerges clearly on the spectrum of the meridional transport, whereas it is strongly reduced when the source region is located in open ocean. The extension to an inter-hemispheric basin increases the energy at the period of the oscillation, but the introduction of the equatorial dynamics does not affect the spectral characteristics of the response for periods longer than 1 year

Projet SPOT & FORET 2. Utilisation de l'imagerie SPOT pour la mise à jour d'une cartographie forestière régionale. Compte-rendu d'avancement des travaux. Site-test du Tarn

[Coll_IRSTEA]Marché n°91/CNES/028

Origin of the Annual to Decadal Peaks of Variability in the Response of Simple Ocean Models to Stochastic Forcing

International audienceNot Availabl

Can an Eight-Session Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program Reduce Fall Risk and Fear of Falling among the Elderly?

International audienceIn older populations, falls are responsible for decrease autonomy and increased pain and injuries. With aging, fall risk is multifactorial and associated with sarcopenia, impaired balance, falls themselves and psychological factors such as fear of falling. The objectives of the present study were: (a) to test the effects of a short multicomponent physical exercise program on fall risk and fear of falling; and (b) to analyze the relationship between fall risk and fear of falling. The participants were thirty-five older persons who were engaged in an eight-session physical exercise program. Balance (i.e., One-leg Balance Test, and Functional Reach Test), lower-limb endurance (i.e., Wall-sit Test) and fear of falling were measured before and after the multicomponent physical exercise program. Results indicated an increase in balance and a diminution of fear of falling after the end of the physical exercise program (p 0.05). Gains in balance were correlated to the diminution of fear of falling (p < 0.05). An 8-week multicomponent physical exercise program based on balance is efficient to reduce fall risk and fear of falling among the elderly