Unterrichtstextauswahl und schülerseitige Leseinteressen in der Sekundarstufe I: Ergebnisse aus der binationalen Studie TAMOLI

Anhand der Angaben von Schweizer und deutschen Lehrpersonen (N=116) und Schüler/-innen (N=2173) der Sekundarstufe I wurde untersucht, welche Texte Lehrpersonen im Unterricht einsetzen und wie sich die Auswahl zu freizeitlichen bzw. schulbezogenen Leseinteressen der Schüler/innen verhält: Es zeigt sich, dass diese je nach Leseumgebung bei den Leseinteressen unterscheiden. Für die Freizeit rücken sie Unterhaltungsgenres ins Zentrum. Fürs schulische Lesen behalten sie diese Vorliebe teilweise bei, geben aber Themen den Vorrang, die freizeitlich wenig Zuspruch erhalten (bspw. politisch-gesellschaftskritische Texte). Letztere sind in der lehrerseitigen Textauswahl stark vertreten, Freizeitgenres dagegen wenig. Für die Unterrichtstextauswahl besteht also ein größerer Schnittbereich mit schulischen Leseinteressen der Schüler/-innen als mit freizeitlichen. Das Aufgreifen von Freizeitleseinteressen im Literaturunterricht bedarf demnach kritischer Diskussion. Es sollte berücksichtigt werden, dass Schüler/-innen diese Interessen offenbar nicht durchweg im Literaturunterricht vertreten sehen möchten. Für das schulische Lesen erhalten auch Texte hohen Zuspruch, die zur kritischen Reflexion anregen. (DIPF/Orig.)Using classroom media protocols in Swiss and German secondary schools, we analysed which text genres teachers (N=116) preferred in their teaching of German-L1 literature classes. We compared the findings with information on student (N=2173) reading interests obtained through questionnaires. The results show that teachers preferred texts about political or social topics; their selection featured only a small share of entertainment genres. Student reading interests differed between contexts: For their private reading, students preferred entertainment genres, with only a minor interest in socio-political topics. For reading at school, students retained their preference for entertainment genres, but also reported a strong interest in sociopolitical topics. Hence, teachers’ text selection had a greater overlap with students’ school reading preferences. In the discussion, we argue that teaching approaches promoting the inclusion of student interests for text selection need to consider that teenage students may not simply wish to extend their private reading to the classroom. Instead, they may expect that school provides them with texts that engage them in critical thinking and group discussion

An integrated molecular risk score early in life for subsequent childhood asthma risk.

BACKGROUND Numerous children present with early wheeze symptoms, yet solely a subgroup develops childhood asthma. Early identification of children at risk is key for clinical monitoring, timely patient-tailored treatment, and preventing chronic, severe sequelae. For early prediction of childhood asthma, we aimed to define an integrated risk score combining established risk factors with genome-wide molecular markers at birth, complemented by subsequent clinical symptoms/diagnoses (wheezing, atopic dermatitis, food allergy). METHODS Three longitudinal birth cohorts (PAULINA/PAULCHEN, n = 190 + 93 = 283, PASTURE, n = 1133) were used to predict childhood asthma (age 5-11) including epidemiological characteristics and molecular markers: genotype, DNA methylation and mRNA expression (RNASeq/NanoString). Apparent (ap) and optimism-corrected (oc) performance (AUC/R2) was assessed leveraging evidence from independent studies (Naïve-Bayes approach) combined with high-dimensional logistic regression models (LASSO). RESULTS Asthma prediction with epidemiological characteristics at birth (maternal asthma, sex, farm environment) yielded an ocAUC = 0.65. Inclusion of molecular markers as predictors resulted in an improvement in apparent prediction performance, however, for optimism-corrected performance only a moderate increase was observed (upto ocAUC = 0.68). The greatest discriminate power was reached by adding the first symptoms/diagnosis (up to ocAUC = 0.76; increase of 0.08, p = .002). Longitudinal analysis of selected mRNA expression in PASTURE (cord blood, 1, 4.5, 6 years) showed that expression at age six had the strongest association with asthma and correlation of genes getting larger over time (r = .59, p < .001, 4.5-6 years). CONCLUSION Applying epidemiological predictors alone showed moderate predictive abilities. Molecular markers from birth modestly improved prediction. Allergic symptoms/diagnoses enhanced the power of prediction, which is important for clinical practice and for the design of future studies with molecular markers

An integrated molecular risk score early in life for subsequent childhood asthma risk

Böck A, Urner K, Eckert JK, et al. An integrated molecular risk score early in life for subsequent childhood asthma risk. Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy . 2024.BACKGROUND: Numerous children present with early wheeze symptoms, yet solely a subgroup develops childhood asthma. Early identification of children at risk is key for clinical monitoring, timely patient-tailored treatment, and preventing chronic, severe sequelae. For early prediction of childhood asthma, we aimed to define an integrated risk score combining established risk factors with genome-wide molecular markers at birth, complemented by subsequent clinical symptoms/diagnoses (wheezing, atopic dermatitis, food allergy).; METHODS: Three longitudinal birth cohorts (PAULINA/PAULCHEN, n=190+93=283, PASTURE, n=1133) were used to predict childhood asthma (age 5-11) including epidemiological characteristics and molecular markers: genotype, DNA methylation and mRNA expression (RNASeq/NanoString). Apparent (ap) and optimism-corrected (oc) performance (AUC/R2) was assessed leveraging evidence from independent studies (Naive-Bayes approach) combined with high-dimensional logistic regression models (LASSO).; RESULTS: Asthma prediction with epidemiological characteristics at birth (maternal asthma, sex, farm environment) yielded an ocAUC=0.65. Inclusion of molecular markers as predictors resulted in an improvement in apparent prediction performance, however, for optimism-corrected performance only a moderate increase was observed (upto ocAUC=0.68). The greatest discriminate power was reached by adding the first symptoms/diagnosis (up to ocAUC=0.76; increase of 0.08, p=.002). Longitudinal analysis of selected mRNA expression in PASTURE (cord blood, 1, 4.5, 6years) showed that expression at age six had the strongest association with asthma and correlation of genes getting larger over time (r=.59, p<.001, 4.5-6years).; CONCLUSION: Applying epidemiological predictors alone showed moderate predictive abilities. Molecular markers from birth modestly improved prediction. Allergic symptoms/diagnoses enhanced the power of prediction, which is important for clinical practice and for the design of future studies with molecular markers. © 2024 The Authors. Clinical & Experimental Allergy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd