13 research outputs found
Search for Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes
Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and
important sources of Al and Na. While gamma rays from the decay
of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, Na
remains untraceable. The half-life of Na (2.6 yr) would allow the
observation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the
prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclear
reactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The
Na()Mg reaction remains the only source of large
uncertainty about the amount of Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a
single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in Mg. In the
present work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and
velocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclear
lifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the Mg
states, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-ray
spectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of Na produced in
novae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x
ph/(cms)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borne
observatories.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
SyntheÌse et caracteÌrisation dâhydrogels de chitosane pour lâadsorption de virus dans les eaux useÌes
International audienc
Lung cancer risk and occupational exposures in crop farming: results from the AGRIculture and CANcer (AGRICAN) cohort
International audienceOBJECTIVES:Farmers are considered at lower risk of lung cancer. However, specific tasks can expose them to hazardous air contaminants such as pesticides, diesel exhaust and mineral dust. This study aimed to assess the associations between various crops and related tasks and the risk of lung cancer, overall and by histological subtypes.METHODS:AGRIculture and CANcer is a prospective French cohort of individuals affiliated to the agricultural health insurance scheme. Incident lung cancers (n=897) were identified by cancer registries from enrolment (2005-2007) to 2013. Data on crop and livestock exposure during lifetime were obtained from the enrolment questionnaire. We used a Cox model with attained age as timescale, adjusted for gender, smoking history and exposure to cattle and horses. Effects of duration and surface were assessed and analyses stratified on gender and smoking status were performed.RESULTS:Winegrowers were at higher risk of adenocarcinoma (HR=1.27 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.72)). We also found an association between pea growing and small cell lung cancer: significant effect of duration (ptrend=0.04) and the suggestion of a surface-effect relationship (ptrend=0.06); increased risk (HR=2.38 (95% CI 1.07 to 5.28)) for pesticide users; and significant effect of duration (ptrend=0.01) for harvesters. The risk of squamous cell carcinoma was increased for sunflower growing (HR=1.59 (95% CI 0.97 to 2.62), fruit-tree pruning (HR=1.44 (95% CI 0.92 to 2.27)) and pesticide use on beets (HR=1.47 (95% CI 0.92 to 2.34)). Corn and/or wheat/barley growers were at lower risk of lung cancer.CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest associations between lung cancer and several crop-related tasks, even if we cannot rule out some chance findings due to multiple comparisons
Lifetime Measurements Using RDDS Method in the Vicinity of Ni
International audienceReduced quadrupole transition probabilities for low-lying transitions in neutron-rich N = 52 isotones 88Kr and 86Se were investigated with a recoil distance Doppler shift (RDDS) experiment. The experiment was performed at GANIL (Caen, France) using the Orsay Universal Plunger System (OUPS) for the RDDS technique and the AGATA array for the Îł-ray detection coupled to the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer for an event-by-event particle identification. In 88Kr, the lifetimes of seven levels were determined and in 86Se, the lifetimes of five levels were determined. The deduced B(E2; 2+ 1 â 0 + 1 ) are compared with mean-field and shellmodel calculations
Excitations of the magic N=50 neutron-core revealed in Ga 81
none41The high-spin states of the neutron-rich Ga81, with three valence protons outside a Ni78 core, were measured. The measurement involved prompt Îł-ray spectroscopy of fission fragments isotopically identified using the combination of the variable mode spectrometer (VAMOS++) and the advanced gamma tracking array (AGATA). The new Îł-ray transitions, observed in coincidence with Ga81 ions, and the corresponding level scheme do not confirm the high-spin levels reported earlier. The newly observed high-spin states in Ga81 are interpreted using the results of state-of-the-art large-scale shell model (LSSM) calculations. The lower excitation energy levels are understood as resulting from the recoupling of three valence protons to the closed doubly magic core, while the highest excitation energy levels correspond to excitations of the magic N=50 neutron core. These results support the doubly magic character of Ni78 and the persistence of the N=50 shell closure but also highlight the presence of strong proton-neutron correlations associated with the promotion of neutrons across the magic N=50 shell gap, only few nucleons away from Ni78.restrictedDudouet J.; Lemasson A.; Maquart G.; Nowacki F.; Verney D.; Rejmund M.; Duchene G.; Stezowski O.; Clement E.; Michelagnoli C.; Korichi A.; Andreoiu C.; Astier A.; De Angelis G.; De France G.; Delafosse C.; Deloncle I.; Didierjean F.; Dombradi Z.; Ducoin C.; Gadea A.; Gottardo A.; Guinet D.; Jacquot B.; Jones P.; Konstantinopoulos T.; Kuti I.; Le Blanc F.; Lenzi S.M.; Li G.; Lozeva R.; Million B.; Napoli D.R.; Navin A.; Perez-Vidal R.M.; Petrache C.M.; Ralet D.; Ramdhane M.; Redon N.; Schmitt C.; Sohler D.Dudouet, J.; Lemasson, A.; Maquart, G.; Nowacki, F.; Verney, D.; Rejmund, M.; Duchene, G.; Stezowski, O.; Clement, E.; Michelagnoli, C.; Korichi, A.; Andreoiu, C.; Astier, A.; De Angelis, G.; De France, G.; Delafosse, C.; Deloncle, I.; Didierjean, F.; Dombradi, Z.; Ducoin, C.; Gadea, A.; Gottardo, A.; Guinet, D.; Jacquot, B.; Jones, P.; Konstantinopoulos, T.; Kuti, I.; Le Blanc, F.; Lenzi, S. M.; Li, G.; Lozeva, R.; Million, B.; Napoli, D. R.; Navin, A.; Perez-Vidal, R. M.; Petrache, C. M.; Ralet, D.; Ramdhane, M.; Redon, N.; Schmitt, C.; Sohler, D
High-resolution spectroscopy of neutron-rich Br isotopes and signatures for a prolate-to-oblate shape transition at N=56
International audienceThe first systematic experimental study of the neutron-rich Br isotopes with two complementary state-of-the-art techniques is presented. These isotopes have been populated in the fission process at two different facilities, GANIL and ILL. New spectroscopic information has been obtained for odd-even Br isotopes and the experimental results have been compared with state-of-the-art Large-Scale Shell-Model and DNO Shell-Model calculations. As a result of such theoretical approaches, a transition from prolate (Br) to oblate (Br) shapes is obtained from the subtle balance between proton and neutron quadrupole deformations, as a clear signature of pseudo-SU3 quadrupole regime
Structure of As, As and As: from semi-magicity to -softness
International audienceThe structure of As, As and As have been studied in fusion-fission reaction U+Be. Fission fragments were identified in mass and atomic number using the VAMOS++ spectrometer and the coincident -rays were detected in the -ray tracking array AGATA. New transitions in As and As are reported and placed in the level schemes. A level scheme of the excited states in As is proposed for the first time. The data are interpreted in frame of Large-Scale Shell-Model calculations, SU3 symmetries and Beyond Mean-Field frameworks. A spherical regime at magic number =50 is predicted and the location of the proton orbital is proposed for the first time. Development of collectivity in a prolate deformed, -soft regime in the open shell cases As and As, most neutron-rich isotopes beyond =50, is concluded. Data and theoretical calculations give confidence to a relatively high extrapolated excitation energy about 4 MeV of the state in Cu, one proton above Ni
Structure of As, As and As: from semi-magicity to -softness
The structure of As, As and As have been studied in fusion-fission reaction U+Be. Fission fragments were identified in mass and atomic number using the VAMOS++ spectrometer and the coincident -rays were detected in the -ray tracking array AGATA. New transitions in As and As are reported and placed in the level schemes. A level scheme of the excited states in As is proposed for the first time. The data are interpreted in frame of Large-Scale Shell-Model calculations, SU3 symmetries and Beyond Mean-Field frameworks. A spherical regime at magic number =50 is predicted and the location of the proton orbital is proposed for the first time. Development of collectivity in a prolate deformed, -soft regime in the open shell cases As and As, most neutron-rich isotopes beyond =50, is concluded. Data and theoretical calculations give confidence to a relatively high extrapolated excitation energy about 4 MeV of the state in Cu, one proton above Ni
Search for 22Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes
Abstract Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of 26Al and 22Na. While Îł rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, 22Na remains untraceable. Its half-life (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV Îł-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of its nucleosynthesis. The 22Na(p,âÎł)23Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of 22Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in 23Mg. Here, we propose a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this method to the study of the 23Mg states, places strong limits on the amount of 22Na produced in novae and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories