117 research outputs found

    El agente encubierto como medio de investigación de la delincuencia organizada en la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal española

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    The secret agent’s category has been justified by the need of investigations into international and organized criminal networks. It is polemical but necessary. In lots of cases, without it, could not be possible to get to the bottom of the ins and outs of the organized gangs that we are analyzing. This category should have great future whit the European Union States ́ legal international cooperation in the development, both, of the future European Constitution and of the Judicial Assistance Agreement now in rule.La figura del agente encubierto se justifica por la necesidad de llevar a cabo investigaciones en el seno de tramas organizadas internacionales con las dificultades que ello implica. Es una figura polémica, pero necesaria. En multitud de ocasiones no existirá otro modo para poder desentrañar los entresijos de las bandas organizadas con las características, y por lo tanto la enorme peligrosidad y lesividad, que venimos analizando. Será una figura con gran futuro, que se potenciará con la cooperación jurídica internacional de los Estados miembros de la UE en desarrollo tanto de las normas de cooperación penal y policial que prevé la futura Constitución Europea como de la aplicación del Convenio de Asistencia Judicial en materia penal, aprobado en el año 2000 y que en la actualidad se encuentra en vigor

    El agente encubierto como medio de investigación de la delincuencia organizada en la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal española

    Get PDF
    La figura del agente encubierto se justifica por la necesidad de llevar a cabo investigaciones en el seno de tramas organizadas internacionales con las dificultades que ello implica. Es una figura polémica, pero necesaria. En multitud de ocasiones no existirá otro modo para poder desentrañar los entresijos de las bandas organizadas con las características, y por lo tanto la enorme peligrosidad y lesividad, que venimos analizando. Será una figura con gran futuro, que se potenciará con la cooperación jurídica internacional de los Estados miembros de la UE en desarrollo tanto de las normas de cooperación penal y policial que prevé la futura Constitución Europea como de la aplicación del Convenio de Asistencia Judicial en materia penal, aprobado en el año 2000 y que en la actualidad se encuentra en vigor.The secret agent’s category has been justified by the need of investigations into international and organized criminal networks. It is polemical but necessary. In lots of cases, without it, could not be possible to get to the bottom of the ins and outs of the organized gangs that we are analyzing. This category should have great future whit the European Union States´ legal international cooperation in the development, both, of the future European Constitution and of the Judicial Assistance Agreement now in rule

    Instrumentation and biomechanical model for kinematic and kinetic analysis of upper limbs during gait with crutches

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    [EN] The goal of this study was to develop a three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic model of the right upper extremity and a Lofstrand crutch in order to analyze joint displacements and loads during crutch-assisted gait. A Lofstrand crutch was instrumented with a six-component load cell to measure forces and moments at the crutch tip. The crutch and the right upper extremity of a subject were instrumented with markers to obtain kinematic data. A biomechanical model based on rigid bodies was implemented in biomechanical analysis software. To demonstrate the functionality of the model, a pilot test was conducted on one healthy individual during Lofstrand crutch-assisted gait. The shoulder extended during the support phase and flexed in the swing phase, the elbow flexed during the swing, and the wrist remained in extension throughout the cycle. In the shoulder and elbow joints, the predominant reaction forces were upward, whereas the internal force moments were flexion and extension, respectively. This tool will be useful when it comes to identifying risk factors for joint pathology associated with pattern gait, aid design or crutch overuse.This work was supported by a grant from the Castile-La Mancha Social & Health Foundation (Fundación Sociosanitaria de Castilla la Mancha) (PI2010/50). The research for this manuscript was partially funded by a CONSOLIDER INGENIO grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under its HYPER project (Hybrid NeuroProsthetic and NeuroRobotic Devices for Functional Compensation and Rehabilitation of Motor Disorders, CSD2009- 00067). We should like to thank Ana de los Reyes, Antonio del Ama, Beatriz Crespo, Fernando Trincado, Iris Dimbwadyo, Vicente Lozano, and Soraya Pérez for their contributions to this study.Pérez-Rizo, E.; Solís-Mozos, M.; Belda Lois, JM.; Page Del Pozo, AF.; Taylor, J.; Pons, JL.; Gil-Agudo, Á. (2013). Instrumentation and biomechanical model for kinematic and kinetic analysis of upper limbs during gait with crutches. Journal of Accessibility and Design for All. 3(2):135-156. https://doi.org/10.17411/jacces.v3i2.16S1351563
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