Cambios en organización socio-familiar y desempeño académico en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina

Los efectos del SARS-CoV-2 transformaron la cotidianeidad de jóvenes universitarios pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, en Lima, Perú. En este escenario, algunos docentes consideraron necesario conocer estos efectos a fin de proponer respuestas que mejoren su inclusión en esta nueva etapa de su vida académica. El estudio propuso analizar cómo sus dinámicas familiares y académicas fueron alteradas por las intervenciones gubernamentales impuestas al inicio de la pandemia. Frente a contextos familiares diversos en la ciudad de Lima (y otras partes del Perú), cada joven tuvo que enfrentar un proceso de adaptación a la vida familiar y académica, de acuerdo a sus posibilidades. Se parte de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio, llevándose a cabo grupos focales que recopilaron información sobre las alteraciones en sus dinámicas familiares y académicas. De los resultados obtenidos destacan que la mayor parte de los entrevistados sufrieron altos niveles de estrés, siendo el “estrés académico” el elemento de mayor relevancia identificado. Los entrevistados relatan que los múltiples estresores identificados influenciaron su toma de decisiones, afectando directamente su estancia en la propia universidad, donde la de deserción de estudios fue considerada como una opción. En contraparte, se priorizaron las (nuevas) dinámicas familiares producto de la pandemia, en algunos casos en detrimento de su bienestar académico

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Factores de riesgo que conllevan a la anemia en gestantes adolescentes de 13 – 19 años

La anemia es el estado por el cual el organismo tiene un déficit en suconcentración de hemoglobina en los eritrocitos de la sangre periférica en un 10% o más. En la mujer embarazada, la anemia se determina por una concentración de hemoglobina (Hb) menorde11g/dl y de Hematocrito (Hct) menor de 33% en el primer y tercer trimestre del embarazo y con valores de Hemoglobina (Hg) menor a 10.5g/dl y de Hematocrito (Hct) menor a 32% en el segundo trimestre del embarazo conforme a los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Las anemias dependiendo de su gravedad se clasifican en; anemia leve (de10.1hasta10.9gr/dl) anemia moderada (de10.0gr/dlhasta7.1gr/dl) anemia severa (menora7gr/dl). En el estudio se establece una base estadística del comportamiento de ciertas variables observadas la consulta del Hospital Gineco Obstétrico Enrique C, Sotomayor de pacientes gestantes adolescentes con anemia de13 a 19 año

Trastornos metabólicos que complican el embarazo

El síndrome metabólico (SM) es un factor de riesgo para múltiples enfermedades cardiovasculares y metabólicas, e intervienen tantos factores genéticos, nutricionales y ambientales, influyendo sobre el tejido adiposo y sobre la inmunidad innata. Las embarazadas con SM tienen un mayor riesgo de morbimortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares y diabetes mellitus tipo 2. En el Ecuador en los últimos años. Los TM es una de las causas más frecuentes que obstaculizan el normal desenvolvimiento el embarazo La presente tesis se realizó en el Hospital Materno Infantil ―Matilde Hidalgo de Procel‖ durante el periodo de Mayo del 2015 a Febrero del 2016. El desarrollo del marco teórico se orientó en base a la investigación con conceptos claros y generales. La investigación fue de tipo prospectivo, descriptivo y analítico, el objetivo de este estudio es Determinar la influencia de la alimentación en los trastornos metabólicos que complican el embarazo en el hospital Matilde hidalgo de Procel en edades de 20 – 40 años,. En el presente estudio se pudo comprobar que el 35% de las gestantes tiene antecedentes familiares de diabetes, el 42% antecedentes familiares de hipertensión, un 15% con antecedentes familiares de obesidad, otras patologías en un 4% y finalmente el 12% no tiene antecedentes familiares que padezcan alguna enfermedad. En lo referente a la alimentación el 43% solo se alimenta 2 veces al día, alimentación rica en grasa el 36% y un 55% no conoce sobre la alimentación en el embarazo, antecedentes de diabetes un 14%, mientras que gestantes con problemas de hipertensión fueron un 38%, con cardiopatías el 7%, gestantes con otros tipos de antecedentes personales en un 8% y por último el 33% de las gestantes no refiriero

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Long-term safety of COVID vaccination in individuals with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: results from the COVAD study

Limited evidence on long-term COVID-19 vaccine safety in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) continues to contribute to vaccine hesitancy. We studied delayed-onset vaccine adverse events (AEs) in patients with IIMs, other systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders (SAIDs), and healthy controls (HCs), using data from the second COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) study. A validated self-reporting e-survey was circulated by the COVAD study group (157 collaborators, 106 countries) from Feb-June 2022. We collected data on demographics, comorbidities, IIM/SAID details, COVID-19 history, and vaccination details. Delayed-onset (> 7 day) AEs were analyzed using regression models. A total of 15165 respondents undertook the survey, of whom 8759 responses from vaccinated individuals [median age 46 (35-58) years, 74.4% females, 45.4% Caucasians] were analyzed. Of these, 1390 (15.9%) had IIMs, 50.6% other SAIDs, and 33.5% HCs. Among IIMs, 16.3% and 10.2% patients reported minor and major AEs, respectively, and 0.72% (n = 10) required hospitalization. Notably patients with IIMs experienced fewer minor AEs than other SAIDs, though rashes were expectedly more than HCs [OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.2-7.0, p < 0.001]. IIM patients with active disease, overlap myositis, autoimmune comorbidities, and ChadOx1 nCOV-19 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) recipients reported AEs more often, while those with inclusion body myositis, and BNT162b2 (Pfizer) recipients reported fewer AEs. Vaccination is reassuringly safe in individuals with IIMs, with AEs, hospitalizations comparable to SAIDs, and largely limited to those with autoimmune multimorbidity and active disease. These observations may inform guidelines to identify high-risk patients warranting close monitoring in the post-vaccination period

COVAD survey 2 long-term outcomes: unmet need and protocol

Vaccine hesitancy is considered a major barrier to achieving herd immunity against COVID-19. While multiple alternative and synergistic approaches including heterologous vaccination, booster doses, and antiviral drugs have been developed, equitable vaccine uptake remains the foremost strategy to manage pandemic. Although none of the currently approved vaccines are live-attenuated, several reports of disease flares, waning protection, and acute-onset syndromes have emerged as short-term adverse events after vaccination. Hence, scientific literature falls short when discussing potential long-term effects in vulnerable cohorts. The COVAD-2 survey follows on from the baseline COVAD-1 survey with the aim to collect patient-reported data on the long-term safety and tolerability of COVID-19 vaccines in immune modulation. The e-survey has been extensively pilot-tested and validated with translations into multiple languages. Anticipated results will help improve vaccination efforts and reduce the imminent risks of COVID-19 infection, especially in understudied vulnerable groups