Afetividade negativa e intenção de abandono entre estudantes de Ciências Contábeis durante a pandemia da Covid-19

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought negative effects on the mental health of the population. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, here called negative affectivity, were enhanced in the pandemic period, which may have had an impact on the students' intention to dropout their higher education courses, given the adversity scenario. In this context, this study aimed to verify the influence of negative affectivity on the dropout intention among accounting science students during the Covid-19 pandemic. For that, survey was carried out with 194 accounting science students at a public university. For data analysis, descriptive analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques were used. The structural model was developed in the light of the Theory of Planned Behavior, which made it possible to verify the influence of attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on the dropout intention. Furthermore, the model expands the scope of the theory by integrating the variable negative affectivity, formed by elements related to symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The results showed that the dropout intention is influenced by the attitude towards dropout and by negative affectivity, so that an unfavorable attitude towards the behavior reduces the dropout intention, while a higher incidence of negative affectivity (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress) enhances the student's intention to drop out the course. On the other hand, the subjective norm and the perceived behavioral control had no influence on the dropout intention, diverging from what is proposed by the Theory of Planned Behavior. From a managerial point of view, the research findings help university managers to develop strategies focused on student’s retention and on the promotion and preservation of mental health in the university environment, considering that, by improving the students’ psychological conditions, dropout levels tend to decrease. In addition, from a social point of view, the research contributes by promoting the debate on the importance of a healthy and favorable academic environment for the students’ psychological well-being.A pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe efeitos negativos para a saúde mental da população. Sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, aqui denominados de afetividade negativa, foram potencializados no período pandêmico, o que pode ter gerado um impacto na intenção dos estudantes de abandonar seus cursos superiores, tendo em vista o cenário de adversidades. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a influência da afetividade negativa na intenção de abandono entre estudantes de ciências contábeis durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo survey com 194 estudantes do curso de ciências contábeis de uma universidade pública. Para a análise de dados, foram utilizadas técnicas de análise descritiva, análise fatorial confirmatória e modelagem de equações estruturais. O modelo estrutural foi desenvolvido à luz da Teoria do Comportamento Planejado, que permitiu verificar a influência das atitudes, norma subjetiva e controle comportamental percebido sobre a intenção de abandono. Ainda, o modelo amplia o escopo da teoria ao integrar a variável afetividade negativa, formada por elementos relacionados a sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Os resultados evidenciaram que a intenção de abandono é influenciada pela atitude em relação ao abandono e pela afetividade negativa, de modo que uma atitude desfavorável ao comportamento reduz a intenção de abandono, enquanto uma maior incidência da afetividade negativa (i.e., sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse) potencializa a intenção do estudante deixar o curso. Por outro lado, a norma subjetiva e o controle comportamental percebido não apresentaram influência sobre a intenção de abandono, divergindo do que é proposto pela Teoria do Comportamento Planejado. Do ponto de vista gerencial, os achados da pesquisa contribuem para que gestores universitários elaborem estratégias com foco na retenção de estudantes e na promoção e preservação da saúde mental no ambiente universitário, tendo em vista que, ao melhorar as condições psicológicas dos estudantes, os níveis de abandono tendem a reduzir. Além disso, do ponto de vista social, a pesquisa contribui ao promover o debate sobre a importância de um ambiente acadêmico saudável e favorável ao bem-estar psicológico dos estudantes

Wii-Workouts on Chronic Pain, Physical Capabilities and Mood of Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Double Blind Trial

Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is a public health problem and older women have higher incidence of this symptom, which affect body balance, functional capacity and behavior. The purpose of this study was to verifying the effect of exercises with Nintendo Wii on CLBP, functional capacity and mood of elderly. Thirty older women (68 ± 4 years; 68 ± 12 kg; 154 ± 5 cm) with CLBP participated in this study. Elderly individuals were divided into a Control Exercise Group (n = 14) and an Experimental Wii Group (n = 16). Control Exercise Group did strength exercises and core training, while Experimental Wii Group did ones additionally to exercises with Wii. CLBP, balance, functional capacity and mood were assessed pre and post training by the numeric pain scale, Wii Balance Board, sit to stand test and Profile of Mood States, respectively. Training lasted eight weeks and sessions were performed three times weekly. MANOVA 2 x 2 showed no interaction on pain, siting, stand-up and mood (P = 0.53). However, there was significant difference within groups (P = 0.0001). ANOVA 2 x 2 showed no interaction for each variable (P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences within groups in these variables (P 0.01). Capacity to Sit improved only in Experimental Wii Group (P = 0.04). In conclusion, physical exercises with Nintendo Wii Fit Plus additional to strength and core training were effective only for sitting capacity, but effect size was small

Wii-Workouts on Chronic Pain, Physical Capabilities and Mood of Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Double Blind Trial

Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is a public health problem and older women have higher incidence of this symptom, which affect body balance, functional capacity and behavior. The purpose of this study was to verifying the effect of exercises with Nintendo Wii on CLBP, functional capacity and mood of elderly. Thirty older women (68 ± 4 years; 68 ± 12 kg; 154 ± 5 cm) with CLBP participated in this study. Elderly individuals were divided into a Control Exercise Group (n = 14) and an Experimental Wii Group (n = 16). Control Exercise Group did strength exercises and core training, while Experimental Wii Group did ones additionally to exercises with Wii. CLBP, balance, functional capacity and mood were assessed pre and post training by the numeric pain scale, Wii Balance Board, sit to stand test and Profile of Mood States, respectively. Training lasted eight weeks and sessions were performed three times weekly. MANOVA 2 x 2 showed no interaction on pain, siting, stand-up and mood (P = 0.53). However, there was significant difference within groups (P = 0.0001). ANOVA 2 x 2 showed no interaction for each variable (P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences within groups in these variables (P 0.01). Capacity to Sit improved only in Experimental Wii Group (P = 0.04). In conclusion, physical exercises with Nintendo Wii Fit Plus additional to strength and core training were effective only for sitting capacity, but effect size was small

Population structure of Monosporascus cannonballus isolates from melons produced in Northeastern Brazil based on mycelial compatibility groups

[EN] The population structure of Monosporascus cannonballus, which causes vine decline in melons, was assessed based on the determination of mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) in a collection of 58 isolates obtained from seven melon fields in three municipalities of Northeastern Brazil. For comparison, an additional 11 isolates of M. cannonballus from Spain were included in the analysis. MCGs were determined through comparisons of paired isolates growing on PDA culture media in the dark at 30ºC in various combinations. The Brazilian isolates were assigned into four MCGs: MCG-1 (n = 35 isolates), MCG-2 (n = 20), MCG-3 (n = 2), and MGC-4 (n = 1). MCG-1 and MCG-2 included isolates from all surveyed areas. The Spanish isolates were assigned into six different MCGs, and none of them were compatible with the Brazilian isolates. The genetic structure was determined using the frequencies of MCGs and genotypic diversity indices. The maximum genotypic diversity was 6.9 and 54.5% for the Brazilian and Spanish populations, respectively. The low level of genetic diversity in the M. cannonballus population from Northeastern Brazil suggests that breeding melons for disease resistance may be a promising strategy for the region.This research was partially funded by CAPES (Project 203/2009 - International Cooperation CAPES-Brazil/DGU-Spain). We are thankful CNPq for the research fellowships granted to C. S. Bezerra, M. P. S. Camara, R. Sales Junior and S.J. Michereff. We thank Prof. Eduardo S. G. Mizubuti, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, for useful advice on data analyses.De Souza Bezerra, C.; Câmara Correia, K.; Saraiva Câmara, MP.; Sales Júnior, R.; Armengol Fortí, J.; Michereff, SJ. (2013). Population structure of Monosporascus cannonballus isolates from melons produced in Northeastern Brazil based on mycelial compatibility groups. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy. 35(2):161-167. https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v35i2.15182S16116735

Pathological findings associated with Dipetalonema spp. (Spirurida, Onchocercidae) infection in two species of Neotropical monkeys from Brazil

Among vector-borne helminths, filarioids of the genus Dipetalonema (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) localize in several tissues and body cavities of several animal species, causing mild to moderate lesions. The pathological findings associated with Dipetalonema spp. infection in Neotropical monkeys from southern Brazil are herein described, along with a fatal case due to filarial polyserositis and entrapment of an intestinal segment. At necropsy, nematodes were observed in abdominal and thoracic cavities, or in the pericardium of 37 (31.3%) out of the 118 individuals examined (i.e., 35 Alouatta guariba clamitans and two Sapajus nigritus). In addition, at histology, 27.0% of positive animals presented microfilarie (inside blood vessels of lung, spleen, liver, and brain) and 8.1% presented adult nematodes in the heart, lung, and liver. In two cases, cross-sections of filarioids were associated with areas of epicardial thickening with intense fibrosis and pyogranulomatous inflammation in the brain, heart, liver, lungs, or spleen. The DNA fragment was amplify using the cox1 gene, sequenced and analyzed to identify the nematode species collected; presence of Wolbachia was assessed in the filarioids using the 16S rRNA gene. At BLAST analysis of the cox1 gene, 10 sequences showed 91.7% nucleotide identity with Dipetalonema gracile, and two with D. gracile (98.5%) and Dipetalonema graciliformis (98.3%). Phylogenetic analyses clustered sequences of the cox1 obtained in this study in two clades corresponding with the host species. Wolbachia sp. endosymbiont was detected in four samples. Data herein reported provide a description of pathological lesions associated with the infection by Dipetalonema spp., suggesting that they may cause disease in Neotropical monkeys. In addition, a better understanding of diversity and biology of Dipetalonema spp. in South America is needed to assess the impact they may cause in native non-human primates from Brazil

Reliability of the endurance test for the erector spinae muscle

Introduction: The low resistance of the erector spinae has been seen as a risk factor for developing chronic low back pain. The test of the erector spinae muscle endurance advocated by Biering-Sorensen has been used to assess the strength of the erector spinae muscle. Modifications of the measuring instrument require reliability studies. Objective: To evaluate the measurement of the erector spinae muscle endurance and the standard error of measurement (SEM) of the modified Biering-Sorensen test of erector spinae in women with chronic low back pain. Methods: Forty-eight sedentary women, aged 52 ±7, suffering from chronic low back pain, were tested. The position adopted was the prone position without the trunk on the examining table. Fixations were performed with straps at the ankles, knees and pelvis. The patient was instructed to maintain the shoulder blades in contact with the stadiometer as long as possible. The measurement was repeated, with measures 15 minutes apart. Results: Considering the confidence limits of Bland eamp;Altman, - 40 and 68 seconds, the SEM was13 seconds and SEM% was 22. The ICC = 0.87 with p = 0.001. The first test was equal to 54 ± 36 seconds, and the retest = 67 ± 40 seconds. Conclusion: The endurance test of the erector spinae showed moderate reliability. Therefore, we suggest that, despite its applicability in clinical practice, the results should be interpreted carefully because the differences in mean erector spinae endurance of up to 13 seconds may be related to measurement error

Reliability of the endurance test for the erector spinae muscle

Abstract Introduction: The low resistance of the erector spinae has been seen as a risk factor for developing chronic low back pain. The test of the erector spinae muscle endurance advocated by Biering-Sorensen has been used to assess the strength of the erector spinae muscle. Modifications of the measuring instrument require reliability studies. Objective: To evaluate the measurement of the erector spinae muscle endurance and the standard error of measurement (SEM) of the modified Biering-Sorensen test of erector spinae in women with chronic low back pain. Methods: Forty-eight sedentary women, aged 52 ±7, suffering from chronic low back pain, were tested. The position adopted was the prone position without the trunk on the examining table. Fixations were performed with straps at the ankles, knees and pelvis. The patient was instructed to maintain the shoulder blades in contact with the stadiometer as long as possible. The measurement was repeated, with measures 15 minutes apart. Results: Considering the confidence limits of Bland & Altman, - 40 and 68 seconds, the SEM was13 seconds and SEM% was 22. The ICC = 0.87 with p = 0.001. The first test was equal to 54 ± 36 seconds, and the retest = 67 ± 40 seconds. Conclusion: The endurance test of the erector spinae showed moderate reliability. Therefore, we suggest that, despite its applicability in clinical practice, the results should be interpreted carefully because the differences in mean erector spinae endurance of up to 13 seconds may be related to measurement error

Violência doméstica contra idosos: agressões praticadas por pessoas com sofrimento mental

Pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa, que tem como objetivos identificar a relação entre violência contra idosos e sofrimento mental do agressor; analisar as implicações da violência praticada contra idosos por familiares com sofrimento mental. Foi realizada na Região Metropolitana de Salvador-BA, a partir de denúncias de violência intrafamiliar contra idosos em quatro delegacias de referência. Os sujeitos do estudo foram idosos que haviam prestado queixas de violência intrafamiliar tendo como agressores familiares que apresentavam algum sofrimento mental. As entrevistas foram realizadas no período de agosto de 2005 a abril de 2007, e a partir das falas dos sujeitos emergiram quatro categorias: desestruturação familiar; exploração/perdas financeiras; enfrentamento da violência pela afetividade; e desajuste social. Faz-se importante que a doença mental dentro da problemática da violência doméstica contra idosos seja bem esclarecida e adequadamente abordada, uma vez que envolve situações geralmente crônicas, com muitas evidências prévias, negadas ou mal manejadas