Vom Zürcher Straußenhandel zu Nietzsches Basler Straußiade: David Friedrich Strauß als Märtyrer

After his “Leben Jesu” (1835) and his unsuccessful vocation in Zurich Strauß developed, according to the social analysis of cultural reproduction theory by Pierre Bourdieu, the habitus of a victim of his own belief, a martyr. This habitus is shown in the works he wrote after the end of his academic theological career. In “Leben und Schriften des Dichters Nicodemus Frischlin” (1856) and in “Ulrich von Hutten” (1858) he portrays two authors who were both unsuccessful in their work and their lives and became victims of their beliefs. Not only these biographies but also the translation of Huttens Latin oeuvres modified Strauß’ habitus: in giving popularity to forgotten authors and works he felt that the time had come to rehabilitate his “Leben Jesu”, especially because he considered it to be a milestone of theological development. He thus modified the habitus of a martyr into the habitus of a risen hero. Instead of creating a new edition of his “Leben Jesu” he wrote the popular version “Leben Jesu, für das deutsche Volk bearbeitet” (1864), followed by “Der alte und der neue Glaube” (1872). Nietzsche’s very polemic critique of this last work in “Unzeitgemässe Betrachtung” (1873) deals closely with the modified habitus of Strauß and shows the latter to have become yet again a martyr of his own beliefs

Lavaters Rezeption von Spaldings "Ueber die Nutzbarkeit des Predigtamtes" und Herders "An Prediger" in seiner Predigtreihe zur Apokalypse

After Joachim Spalding's oeuvre, "Ueber die Nutzbarkeit des Predigtamtes" was published in 1722, Johann Caspar Lavater challenged Spalding's view of the duties and benefits of the clerical minister. Above all, Lavater criticized Spalding’s focus on the moral aspects of religion, arguing that Spalding failed to concentrate on the true center – Christ and all Christian dogma. Lavater felt that Johann Gottfried Herder had furnished a better interpretation of ministerial responsibilities in "An Prediger. Funfzehn Provinzialblätter" (1774). Intrigued by Herder's proclamation of the evangelical Christ, Lavater thought that he had found support for his own Christianity in Herder. His assumption was destroyed by Herder’s work on the Apocalypse in "Maran Atha" (1779). In accordance, Lavater in his sermons about the Book of Revelation sought to provide an example, not only of how to understand the last book of the New Testament, but also by emphasizing where a minister should focus his attention in order to function as a prophet of the evangelical Jesus

High survivin expression as a risk factor in patients with anal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic value of survivin expression in pretreatment specimens from patients with anal cancer treated with concurrent 5-FU and mitomycin C-based chemoradiation (CRT). Material and methods: Immunohistochemical staining for survivin was performed in pretreatment biopsies of 62 patients with anal carcinoma. Survivin expression was correlated with clinical and histopathological characteristics as well as local failure free- (LFFS), distant metastases free- (DMFS), cancer specific- (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Survivin staining intensity was weak in 10%, intermediate in 48% and intense in 42% of the patients. No association between survivin expression and clinicopathologic factors (tumor stage, age and HIV status) could be shown. In univariate analysis, the level of survivin staining was significantly correlated with DMFS (low survivin vs. high survivin: 94% vs. 74%, p=0.04). T-stage, N-stage and the tumor grading were significantly associated with OS and CSS and with DMFS and LFFS, respectively. In multivariate analysis, survivin was confirmed as independent prognostic parameter for DMFS (RR, 0.04; p=0.02) and for OS (RR, 0.27; p=0.04). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the level of pretreatment survivin is correlated with the clinical outcome in patients with anal carcinoma treated with concurrent CRT. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the complex role of survivin for the oncologic treatment and to exploit the protein as a therapeutic target in combined modality treatment of anal cancer

RENDENDO-SE AO BILRO: A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA DO LUXO EM PRODUTOS ARTESANAIS SUSTENTÁVEIS

Given the contemporary emergence of a new luxury market, based on symbolic, cultural and experiential values, without giving up exclusivity, there is a growing demand for sustainable products. Handcrafted products correspond to two of these phenomena: luxury and sustainability, as they have attributes of exclusivity, symbolic and cultural value, as well as employing the slow manufacturing process and local labor. In this sense, Santa Catarina Renda de Bilro was chosen as the object of study of a basic, qualitative research, with a descriptive and exploratory objective of theoretical concepts, in which it was intended to highlight Santa Catarina Renda de Bilro as a "sustainable luxury product", proposing, thus, a resignification of concepts within this category. The results showed that bobbin lace presents parameters that fit both in the production based on slow fashion and in the list of new luxury goods of the 21st century, instigating to think - mainly, in the productive, creative and innovative union between fashion designers and local artisans, in the valorization, by the brands, of the well-paid manual work, with profits well distributed to the artisans; and, in the new choices guided by emotional consumption.Diante da emergência contemporânea de um novo mercado de luxo, pautado em valores simbólicos, culturais e experienciais, sem abrir mão da exclusividade, percebe-se uma crescente procura por produtos sustentáveis. Produtos artesanais feitos à mão se encaixam nos dois fenômenos – luxo e sustentabilidade, pois possuem atributos de exclusividade, valor simbólico e cultural, bem como empregam o processo slow de fabricação e mão-de-obra local. Nesse sentido, a renda de Bilro catarinense foi escolhida como objeto de estudo de uma pesquisa básica, qualitativa, de objetivo descritivo e exploratório de conceitos teóricos, na qual pretendeu-se demonstrar o enquadramento desta renda na categoria de “produto de luxo sustentável”, propondo assim uma ressignificação de conceitos. Os resultados apontaram que a renda de bilro apresenta parâmetros que se enquadram tanto na produção baseada no slow fashion quanto no rol de novas mercadorias de luxo do século XXI, instigando a pensar principalmente na união produtiva, criativa e inovadora entre designers de moda e artesãos locais, na valorização por parte das marcas pelo trabalho manual bem pago com lucros bem distribuídos aos artesãos e nas novas escolhas guiadas pelo consumo emocional

RENDENDO-SE AO BILRO: A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA DO LUXO EM PRODUTOS ARTESANAIS SUSTENTÁVEIS

Given the contemporary emergence of a new luxury market, based on symbolic, cultural and experiential values, without giving up exclusivity, there is a growing demand for sustainable products. Handcrafted products correspond to two of these phenomena: luxury and sustainability, as they have attributes of exclusivity, symbolic and cultural value, as well as employing the slow manufacturing process and local labor. In this sense, Santa Catarina Renda de Bilro was chosen as the object of study of a basic, qualitative research, with a descriptive and exploratory objective of theoretical concepts, in which it was intended to highlight Santa Catarina Renda de Bilro as a "sustainable luxury product", proposing, thus, a resignification of concepts within this category. The results showed that bobbin lace presents parameters that fit both in the production based on slow fashion and in the list of new luxury goods of the 21st century, instigating to think - mainly, in the productive, creative and innovative union between fashion designers and local artisans, in the valorization, by the brands, of the well-paid manual work, with profits well distributed to the artisans; and, in the new choices guided by emotional consumption.Diante da emergência contemporânea de um novo mercado de luxo, pautado em valores simbólicos, culturais e experienciais, sem abrir mão da exclusividade, percebe-se uma crescente procura por produtos sustentáveis. Produtos artesanais feitos à mão se encaixam nos dois fenômenos – luxo e sustentabilidade, pois possuem atributos de exclusividade, valor simbólico e cultural, bem como empregam o processo slow de fabricação e mão-de-obra local. Nesse sentido, a renda de Bilro catarinense foi escolhida como objeto de estudo de uma pesquisa básica, qualitativa, de objetivo descritivo e exploratório de conceitos teóricos, na qual pretendeu-se demonstrar o enquadramento desta renda na categoria de “produto de luxo sustentável”, propondo assim uma ressignificação de conceitos. Os resultados apontaram que a renda de bilro apresenta parâmetros que se enquadram tanto na produção baseada no slow fashion quanto no rol de novas mercadorias de luxo do século XXI, instigando a pensar principalmente na união produtiva, criativa e inovadora entre designers de moda e artesãos locais, na valorização por parte das marcas pelo trabalho manual bem pago com lucros bem distribuídos aos artesãos e nas novas escolhas guiadas pelo consumo emocional

A framework for dealing with dynamic buildings

ABSTRACT: The design world of architects and engineers is changing. Costs arising during the whole life cycle of a building are being taken into account. Therefore, complex tools to support design decisions are coming up, and an increasing number of experts from a great variety of disciplines will have to cooperate in a more and more interrelated and sophisticated manner. Our hypothesis is, that an integrated framework based on the metaphor of a "dynamic building" as component-based, spatial model will bridge between the infor-mation technical representation and the "classical" building planning. All planning, cooperation, usage, and aging processes of the building life cycle will be reflected in such a "virtual" dynamic building, for which we are developing an appropriate framework

European Society of Gynaecological Oncology quality indicators for surgical treatment of cervical cancer

Background: optimizing and ensuring the quality of surgical care is essential to improve the management and outcome of patients with cervical cancer.To develop a list of quality indicators for surgical treatment of cervical cancer that can be used to audit and improve clinical practice. Methods: quality indicators were developed using a four-step evaluation process that included a systematic literature search to identify potential quality indicators, in-person meetings of an ad hoc group of international experts, an internal validation process, and external review by a large panel of European clinicians and patient representatives. Results: fifteen structural, process, and outcome indicators were selected. Using a structured format, each quality indicator has a description specifying what the indicator is measuring. Measurability specifications are also detailed to define how the indicator will be measured in practice. Each indicator has a target which gives practitioners and health administrators a quantitative basis for improving care and organizational processes. Discussion: implementation of institutional quality assurance programs can improve quality of care, even in high-volume centers. This set of quality indicators from the European Society of Gynaecological Cancer may be a major instrument to improve the quality of surgical treatment of cervical cancer