Efficacy of daily eyelid washing with tea in the treatment of eyelid inflammation and dandruff

Abstract Introduction: Blepharitis is the most common eye disease that can cause problems in the daily life of the patient and his family members. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of daily eyelid washing with tea in the treatment of inflammation and dandruff of the eyelid edge in patients referred to the ophthalmology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) in Jiroft in 2020. Methods: This study is a double-blind clinical trial that was conducted by non-probability sampling method on 90 patients referred to the ophthalmology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) in Jiroft. data were analyzed after coding and entering with statistical software SPSS version 26. Results: The average age of the patients was 40.9 ± 17.5 years. There was a statistically significant difference between the three treatment groups in terms of the average scores obtained in eyelid inflammation and dandruff in the third visit. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of eyelid washing in the treatment of eye itch andthe  Argosol shampoo treatment group based on gender. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that daily eyelid washing with Argosol shampoo, tea, and water is effective in the treatment of six factors, and also the difference between the effectiveness of daily eyelid washing and tea with the effectiveness of daily eyelid washing. There was a significant relationship with Argosol shampoo and water in the treatment of eyelid edge dandruff in the second visit

Functional impairment following axonal injury

Following trauma or other neurological disorders, a series of events happen that cause axonal dysfunction or ultimately lead to axonal death. Computational modeling of the nervous system facilitates systematic study of the effects of each injury parameter on the output. The overall goal of this research was to develop a new method of simulating axon damage in a biophysical model and quantify the effects of structural damage on signal conduction. To achieve this, three objectives were addressed 1) quantify the effects of normal morphological variation and demyelination on axonal conduction characteristics, 2) develop a new computationally efficient method for modeling damage in axons, and 3) characterize the structure changes observed in human axons and quantify the relationship between these observed changes and axonal function. Biophysical computational models developed in NEURON were employed to characterize morphological changes in damaged axons and study the effects of some of the most common axonal injuries such as myelin damage and spheroid formation on signal propagation in axons with different calibers. To facilitate efficient computational simulation, a new approach for increasing geometrical resolution in NEURON was developed and assessed. To investigate the effects of axonal swelling on action potential conduction in myelinated axons, the morphological properties of axonal spheroids were characterized by analyzing a series of confocal images captured from post-mortem human brain samples of patients with MS and infarction. Our results indicate that subtle abnormalities in nodal, paranodal and juxtaparanodal regions may have sizable effects on action potential amplitude and velocity and more targeted treatments need to be developed that focus on these regions. In addition, the results of our histopathological and computational studies suggest that axons with different diameters may respond differently to injuries and diseases. Therefore, it is important to perform experimental injury models across a wide range of axons to get a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between axonal morphological features, injury parameters and functional responses. We expect this research to lay the quantitative foundation for finding new potential functional markers of white matter tissue damage and provide further insights into how myelin damage and axonal spheroids may affect function

Contamination with Organophosphate Toxins in Humans in Iran: A Systematic Review

Background: Organophosphate toxins are among chemical toxins that are dangerous for human health. Due to the increasing use of organophosphate compounds in a variety of products such as insecticides and pesticides, as well as easy access to these compounds, a systematic review on the related studies taken place in Iran seemed to be necessary. Methods: In this review, databases including Iranmedex, Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar and SID were searched for phrases related to organophosphates in both English and Farsi languages and up to April 2013. Only studies which had measured human contamination to these compounds in Iran were included. Results: Totally, 19 articles were found of which 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. According to these studies, organophosphate poisoning mainly happened due to occupational exposure in workers, inadvertently in children, and for suicide purposes in some reports. Conclusion: It seems that a high percentage of poisonings and deaths from these substances is due to lack of consumer awareness awareness about these chemicals and their complications. Therefore, in order to prevent poisoning it is necessary to educate families and related workers

Proposing a rigorous empirical model for estimating the bubble point pressure in heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs

 Bubble point pressure is of great significance in reservoir engineering calculations affecting the success of reservoir simulation. For determining this valuable parameter, experimental tests are the most reliable techniques; however, these measurements are costly and time-consuming. So, it is crucial to propose an empirical model for estimating bubble point pressure. The existing correlations mainly have large errors and develop based on restricted database from a specific geographical location. As a result, development of an all-inclusive correlation is essential. In current article, gene expression programming (GEP) was used to create a generalized model for bubble point pressure estimation. To do this, an all-inclusive source of data was utilized for training and testing the model from the petroleum industry. Several statistical approaches including both illustration tools and diverse error functions were utilized to show the supremacy of the developed GEP model. Consequently, the recommended model is the most accurate as compared to the similar correlations in literature with the average absolute relative error (AARE = 11.41%) and determination coefficient (R2 = 0.96). Furthermore, the solution gas-oil ratio shows to be the most influencing variable on determining bubble point pressure according to sensitivity analysis. The results of contour map analysis demonstrate that most portions of the experimental region are predicted via the GEP equation with fewer errors as compared to two well-known literature correlations. Finally, the proposed GEP model can be of high prominence for accurate bubble point pressure estimation.Cited as: Rostami, A., Daneshi, A., Miri, R. Proposing a rigorous empirical model for estimating the bubble point pressure in heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2020, 4(2): 126-134, doi: 10.26804/ager.2020.02.0

Using Theory of Constraints in selecting product mix

Theory of Constraints suggests when the product was limited by bottleneck, the best strategy for selecting the product mix is based on the throughput - system performance- in terms of the desired constraint. This issue is not true for products which have been limited by a few quantities . Four realities, which are in opposition to the current thought in TOC literature, have been proved in this article. For instance, the mixed products include some things which have the product lowest margin and the lowest throughput ratio in a limited time and violate marginal and TOC approaches. Such formula constraints which caused by selected mixed products have been proved in this article

IAGNOSTIC VALUE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN MORPHOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF BASAL GANGLIA IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC GENERALIZED EPILEPSY‏

Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a kind of epilepsy that has tonic-colonic characteristic and myocolonic tensions and its clinical symptom starts from the first 20 years of the life. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H1-MRS) technique applies as a noninvasive procedure to find metabolic disorders by evaluating brain metabolites. Purpose of this study was to determine efficacy of the MRS in thalamus imaging of patients with IGE. Applying H1-MRS (technique: PRESS-CSI], we evaluated thalamus images of 63 people (35 controls: 23 males, 12 females, ranging in age 19-46 years, average: 34.8±0.62 years) and 28 IGE patients (10 males, 18 females, ranging in age 20-49 years, average: 37.4±1.04 years). The data analyzed by SPSS (v.20]. Comparing the average NAA/Cr for the right thalamus, a significant reduction was seen between the control group and the IGE patients (p<0.0001]. Likewise, for the left thalamus, the NAA/Cr was significantly decreased when we compared it for the control group and the IGE patients (p<0.001). H1-MRS could be a suitable diagnostic technique to evaluate epilepsy in IGE patients. The possible alteration of neuronal pathways in the thalamo-cortical circuit seems to play a critical role in epileptogenesis of IGE

Obstructed and channelized viscoplastic flow in a Hele-Shaw cell

A theoretical study is presented of the flow of viscoplastic fluid through a Hele-Shaw cell that contains various kinds of obstructions. Circular and elliptical blockages of the cell are considered together with stepwise contractions or expansions in slot width, all within the simplifying approximation of a narrow gap. Specific attention is paid to the flow patterns that develop around the obstacles, particularly any stagnant plugged regions, and the asymptotic limits of relatively small or large yield stress. Periodic arrays of circular contractions or expansions are studied to explore the interference between obstructions. Finally, viscoplastic flow through a cell with randomly roughened walls is examined, and it is shown that constructive interference of local contractions and expansions leads to a pronounced channelization of the flow. An optimization algorithm based on minimization of the pressure drop is derived to construct the path of the channels in the limit of relatively large yield stress or, equivalently, relatively slow flow.D.R.H. is grateful to the Killam Foundation for a Postdoctoral Fellowship.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Cambridge University Press via http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.

Using Theory of Constraints in selecting product mix

Theory of Constraints suggests when the product was limited by bottleneck, the best strategy for selecting the product mix is based on the throughput - system performance- in terms of the desired constraint. This issue is not true for products which have been limited by a few quantities . Four realities, which are in opposition to the current thought in TOC literature, have been proved in this article. For instance, the mixed products include some things which have the product lowest margin and the lowest throughput ratio in a limited time and violate marginal and TOC approaches. Such formula constraints which caused by selected mixed products have been proved in this article

Sputtered Gallium Nitride Tunnel Junction Contacts

Gallium nitride LEDs produced for commercialization currently use indium tin oxide (ITO) as both a current spreading layer (CSL) and a contact to p-GaN. ITO is known to absorb wavelengths in the UV and visible light regions, the primary spectrum of GaN devices [20]. Tunnel junctions (TJ) have been proposed as an alternative p-contact and CSL which would transmit more light from the active region [20] while generating holes, from the electron tunneling, to reach the quantum wells of the LEDs for additional radiative recombination [18]-[21]. The fabrication process would also be simplified because the top layer of both the p- and n-contacts would be n-GaN and the metal contacts to both could be deposited at the same time. However, until now all GaN TJs have been deposited by MOCVD or MBE systems despite sputtering machines offering a lower cost and easier to use method of depositing GaN [12] [13]. This thesis explores the application of two sputtering techniques, the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) and radio frequency (RF) magnetron, to the creation of TJs on blue GaN LEDs.Both sputtering methods utilized silicon doped n-GaN targets with the intention of depositing the n-GaN layer of the TJs. The films were examined for their transmissivity of 440 nm light as well as their resistivity. The ECR system was observed to produce GaN that lost around 5% of the emitted light when N2 in conjunction with argon was used in the sputtering gas. Substrate heating did not meaningfully affect the transmissive property of the deposited GaN. Despite the good optical quality, the GaN remained resistive. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) of the n-GaN target found it contain many impurities. High amounts of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, magnesium, and calcium among other elements were discovered to be within the target. This stopped the research to produce a tunnel junction with the ECR system, but with a cleaner target it could still be a viable option.The RF magnetron machine also relied upon nitrogen within the sputtering gas mixture to produce transparent GaN films. In general, the higher the rate of N2 the less absorption of the tested 440 nm light. Substrate heating did improve the transparency of the GaN when sputtered with the RF magnetron machine. For a gas mixture of 38:25 sccm of N2:Ar and a temperature of 800 ⁰C, the GaN layer absorbed less than one percent of the blue wavelength. Hall-effect measurements showed greater substrate heating also increased the carrier concentration with films reaching the high 1019 and low 1020 cm-3 ranges.During the course of this work the RF magnetron system was modified and the maximum substrate temperature was lowered to 650 ⁰C. Some previous films had been grown at 600 ⁰C and this temperature was kept for continuity, but a silicon target was co-sputtered with the n-GaN target to raise the carrier concentration of the GaN. Hall measurements of these samples presented them to have higher mobilities compared to the GaN sputtered with only the GaN target. Sputtering the silicon target at 35 W of power was determined to give the highest carrier concentration of 1.137x1018 cm-3.A tunnel junction was created utilizing the RF magnetron sputtering system on a UCSB blue LED structure deposited on a sapphire substrate with a MOCVD machine. Silicon was co-sputtered at 35 W and the nitrogen and substrate temperature were set to 38 sccm and 650 ⁰C, respectively, to create the n-GaN layer of the TJ. LEDs with an area of 0.1 mm2 were fabricated and required only two photolithography steps compared to the three steps necessary for ITO GaN LEDs. After a chlorine etch performed by a RIE machine to create the LED mesas, the MOCVD n-GaN around the mesas was noted to be rough in some areas of the wafer. When metal contacts were deposited on these areas, the metal did not stick to the n-GaN. Many LEDs were created in the smoother regions and were observed to emit blue light. These were tested for their current-voltage relationships and were found to have turn-on voltages of approximately 6.5 V with the least resistive devices reaching almost 5 mA at 10 V. These are the first reported GaN tunnel junctions deposited onto LEDs with a sputtering system