Be the Water

Ce qu’on inflige à l’eau, c’est à nous-mêmes qu’on le fait. Soyons l’eau. Ce texte démontre dans une perspective Anishinaabekwe, l’interaction physique et spirituelle, le sacré de l’eau et nos responsabilités en tant que femmes à aider notre Mère Terre à continuer à protéger et à dialoguer au nom de l’eau

Quantification en présence de divergence d'intérêts : application aux réseaux d'électricité intelligents

National audienceMotivated by an application to smart grid, this paper generalizes the problem of scalar quantization in the case in which an agent, the consumer, determines the quantization cells and the other agent, the electrical network operator called aggregator, determines the representatives. We know that the standard quantization consists of two fictitious agents, which can be identified as a single one, minimizing the distorsion on the cells and on the representatives. In this paper, we consider a variation of that framework where the payoff functions maximized by the two agents are distincts. Their difference is called bias and implies a new strategic approach to the problem. Using tools from game theory, this work will highlight some key differences between the "strategic quantization" and the standard quantization, namely all communication ressources are not necessarily used, the bias between the payoffs has an influence on the quantity of exchanged information and the speed of convergence of methods analogous to the Llyod-Max algorithm in the strategic caseMotivé par une application issue des « Smart Grid », les « réseaux d'électricité intelligents », cet article généralise le problème de la quantification scalaire dans le cas où un agent, un consommateur, détermine les cellules de quantification et l'autre, un opérateur de réseau appelé agrégateur, les représentants. À la différence de la quantification classique où deux agents, fictifs et que l'on peut supposer ne faire qu'un, minimisent la distorsion sur les cellules et les représentants, les utilités maximisées ici par les deux agents sont distinctes. Leur différence est mesurée par un biais et va conduire à une réinterprétation stratégique du problème de quantification. Reprenant des outils de théorie des jeux, cet article va montrer quelques différences fondamentales entre le cas de la « quantification stratégique » et celui de la quantification classique : toutes les ressources de communication ne sont pas forcément utilisées, le biais entre utilité va fortement conditionner la quantité d'information échangée et la vitesse de convergence des méthodes analogues à l'algorithme de Lloyd-Max dans le cas stratégique

Dystopie, Fragmentation et Filiation dans 'Aquariums' de J.D. Kurtness

J.D. Kurtness stands out on the indigenous literary scene for her unique style, inspired by dystopian and apocalyptic writing. In Aquariums, the author delivers a fragmented novel of filiation, mixing the different (non-)stories of a lineage and of the same generation, like an aquarium housing an ecosystem, to an apocalyptic end forcing a reset of the planetary population. Kurtness’s aesthetic is characterised by a holistic cosmic writing in which a sort of Glissant’s Tout-Monde is formed: the narratives of ancestors and the living communicate with the perceived and existing elements. This cosmic writing is conveyed through the fragmentary form, which is more organic than functional, the use of nature-related metaphors, that are tied to the life story of a whale, and the hybridity of the novel, which mixes the genres of life writing and dystopia. Although the author is Ilnu, the dimension of autochthony is not central to Aquariums. It is partially present in the discourse and the constellation of characters, but is not actively addressed. Résumé J.D. Kurtness se distingue sur la scène littéraire des autrices autochtones de par son style singulier, inspiré de l’écriture dystopique et apocalyptique. Dans Aquariums, l’autrice livre un roman de filiation fragmenté, mêlant les différents (non-)récits d’une lignée et d’une même génération, à l’image d’un aquarium abritant un écosystème, à une fin apocalyptique forçant une réinitialisation de la population planétaire. L’esthétisme de Kurtness se caractérise par une écriture cosmique holiste dans laquelle une sorte de Tout-Monde d’après Glissant se forme : les récits des ancêtres et des vivants communiquent avec les éléments perçus et existants. Cette écriture cosmique se transmet à travers la forme fragmentaire, davantage organique que fonctionnelle, l’utilisation de métaphores liées à la nature qui se nouent au récit de vie d’une baleine, et l’hybridité que présente le roman, qui mêle les genres du life writing à la dystopie. Bien que l’autrice soit ilnu, la dimension de l’autochtonie n’est pas centrale pour Aquariums. Celle-ci se retrouve certes partiellement présente dans le discours et la constellation des personnages, mais n’est pas activement abordée. Mots-clés : J.D. Kurtness; fragment; filiation; dystopie; inn

Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Sebelum Dan Sesudah Merger Dan Akusisi Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2013-2017

Financial performance is a measure of the success or failure of a company in a certain period. The factors that influence the company's financial performance are the Current Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Total Assets Turnover, Return on Assets, Return on Equity as variable liquidity, solvency, activity and profitability. This study aims to determine the differences in financial performance of companies before and after the acquisition. The subject of this study consisted of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017 selected by purposive sampling. The analytical method in this study used descriptive analysis and different tests of the Wilcoxon sign test. The result of different test analysis of Wilcoxon sign test is Current Ratio not different from the company before and after the acquisition merger, Debt Equity Ratio is not different from the company before and after the acquisition merger, Total Assets Turnover is not different from the company before and after acquisition mergers, Return on Asset is different towards the company before and after the acquisition merger, Return on Equity is different for the company before and after the acquisition merger. Keywords : Current Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Total Assets Turnover, Return on Assets, and Return on Equit

The role of anomalous SST and surface fluxes over the Southeastern North Atlantic in the explosive development of windstorm Xynthia

In late February 2010 the extraordinary windstorm Xynthia crossed over Southwestern and Central Europe and caused severe damage, affecting particularly the Spanish and French Atlantic coasts. The storm was embedded in uncommon large-scale atmospheric and boundary conditions prior to and during its development, namely enhanced sea surface temperatures (SST) within the low-level entrainment zone of air masses, an unusual southerly position of the polar jet stream, and a remarkable split jet structure in the upper troposphere. To analyse the processes that led to the rapid intensification of this exceptional storm originating close to the subtropics (30°N), the sensitivity of the cyclone intensification to latent heat release is determined using the regional climate model COSMO-CLM forced with ERA-Interim data. A control simulation with observed SST shows that moist and warm air masses originating from the subtropical North Atlantic were involved in the cyclogenesis process and led to the formation of a vertical tower with high values of potential vorticity (PV). Sensitivity studies with reduced SST or increased laminar boundary roughness for heat led to reduced surface latent heat fluxes. This induced both a weaker and partly retarded development of the cyclone and a weakening of the PV-tower together with reduced diabatic heating rates, particularly at lower and mid levels. We infer that diabatic processes played a crucial role during the phase of rapid deepening of Xynthia and thus to its intensity over the Southeastern North Atlantic. We suggest that windstorms like Xynthia may occur more frequently under future climate conditions due to the warming SSTs and potentially enhanced latent heat release, thus increasing the windstorm risk for Southwestern Europe

Forcing single-column models using high-resolution model simulations

To use single column models (SCMs) as a research tool for parametrisation development and process studies, the SCM must be supplied with realistic initial profiles, forcing fields and boundary conditions. We propose a new technique for deriving these required profiles, motivated by the increase in number and scale of high-resolution convection-permitting simulations. We suggest that these high-resolution simulations be coarse-grained to the required resolution of an SCM, and thereby be used as a proxy for the ‘true’ atmosphere. This paper describes the implementation of such a technique. We test the proposed methodology using high-resolution data from the UK Met Office’s Unified Model (MetUM), with a resolution of 4 km, covering a large tropical domain. This data is coarse grained and used to drive the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast’s (ECMWF) Integrated Forecasting 26 System (IFS) SCM. The proposed method is evaluated by deriving IFS SCM forcing profiles from a consistent T639 IFS simulation. The SCM simulations track the global model, indicating a consistency between the estimated forcing fields and the ‘true’ dynamical forcing in the global model. We demonstrate the benefits of selecting SCM forcing profiles from across a large-domain, namely robust statistics, and the ability to test the SCM over a range of boundary conditions. We also compare driving the SCM with the coarse-grained datase to driving it using the ECMWF operational analysis. We conclude by highlighting the importance of understanding biases in the high-resolution dataset, and suggest that our approach be used in combination with observationally derived forcing datasets

A numerical investigation of wind speed effects on lake-effect storms

Observations of lake-effect storms that occur over the Great Lakes region during late autumn and winter indicate a high sensitivity to ambient wind speed and direction. In this paper, a two-dimensional version of the Penn State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR) model is used to investigate the wind speed effects on lake-effect snowstorms that occur over the Great Lakes region.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42510/1/10546_2004_Article_BF00708966.pd