Das saudades que se tem: a representação paterna na escrita autobiográfica de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós

In our work, we analyze some works of Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós that compose the “autobiographical cycle”, especially those ones that bring the image of father’s absence/presence, the relationship between life and writing, as well as the father’s figurations and his intermediates and substitutes. We especially investigated the aspect of repetition about how the family relations are articulated, highlighting those ones that happen between father and son and that appear in these texts. This problematic interested us as a research object, a priori, because the works of Bartholomeu Campos de Queirós are an exponent of literature for children field, as far as they show that the childhood is not always “colorful”, happy and perfect as several productions supposedly made “for children” seek to have us believe. In addition, the selected texts that have an autobiographical characteristic and put the issue of child suffering because of the father’s absence are configured as a very rich corpus for studies related to the relation between life/work and investigations in the dialogue between Literature and Psychoanalysis. These aspects will permit us to understand why the pain of missing father be repetitive and insistent in these books. Thus, we problematize, by the selected works for this study, the concept of literature for children and young people and the notion of literary reading. We also analyzed in the “statements” given by the author the relationship between life and writing and we investigated, based on psychoanalytic studies, the literary writing as a possibility of both unconscious development of memory marked by the father’s absence – remedy – as of a perpetuation of this same conflict – poison. Furthermore, we analyzed how the relationship between son and father are processed considering the mother’s absence, since the works that have this person’s presence, she seems to mediate such relationships in a certain way.Dissertação (Mestrado)Em nosso trabalho, analisamos em algumas obras de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós que compõem o chamado “ciclo autobiográfico”, em especial as que trazem a imagem da ausência/presença do pai, a relação entre vida e escrita, bem como as figurações do pai e de seus intermediários e substitutos. Investigamos, sobretudo, o caráter da repetição no modo como se articulam as relações familiares, com destaque para as que ocorrem entre pai e filho e que aparecem nesses textos. Essa problemática interessou-nos como objeto de pesquisa, a priori, porque as obras de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós são um expoente no campo da literatura infantil, na medida em que mostram que nem sempre a infância é “colorida”, feliz e perfeita como nos procuram fazer crer diversas produções supostamente feitas “para crianças”. Além disso, os textos selecionados de caráter autobiográfico, que trazem a questão do sofrimento da criança devido à ausência do pai, configuram-se como riquíssimo corpus para estudos referentes à relação entre vida/obra e as investigações no diálogo entre Literatura e Psicanálise. Isso nos permitirá entender o porquê de a dor da falta do pai ser repetitiva e insistente nesses livros. Dessa forma, problematizamos, por meio das obras selecionadas para este estudo, o conceito de literatura infantil e juvenil e a noção de leitura literária. Também analisamos nos “depoimentos” dados pelo autor a relação entre vida e escrita e investigamos, com base em estudos psicanalíticos, a escrita literária enquanto possibilidade tanto de elaboração inconsciente da memória marcada pela ausência do pai – remédio –, quanto de perpetuação desse mesmo conflito – veneno. Ademais, analisamos como se processam as relações entre o filho e o pai considerando a ausência da mãe, já que, nas obras em que há a presença desse personagem, ela parece mediar de certa forma tais relacionamentos

PELA CRIANÇA QUE AINDA EXISTE NA GENTE: A LITERATURA INFANTIL E JUVENIL SEGUNDO BARTOLOMEU CAMPOS DE QUEIRÓS

No trabalho, pretendemos problematizar os conceitos de literatura e de literatura infantil e juvenil por meio da análise de “depoimentos” de Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós. Para tanto, investigaremos, por meio de textos teóricos sobre o assunto, as discussões já realizadas sobre esses conceitos, em diálogo com o que Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós postula em seus textos reflexivos. Essa investigação mostra-se relevante porque o autor em questão é considerado um escritor de livros infantis, assim é interessante observar como esses depoimentos fornecidos por ele apontam para um posicionamento sobre a ideia de literatura que norteia e se reflete em suas obras, fazendo dele, ao lado de outros autores, um expoente no campo da literatura infantil contemporânea, à medida em que mostra que nem sempre a infância é “colorida”, feliz e perfeita, e a criança, um ser “menos inteligente”, como nos procuram fazer crer diversas produções supostamente feitas “para crianças”

Controle biológico da cigarrinha (Dalbulus aidis) e da lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) do milho com Beauveria SSP / Biological control of corn leafhopper (Dalbulus maidis) and corn borer caterpillar (Spodoptera frugiperda) with Beauveria SSP

O controle de diversas pragas de importância agrícola vem se tornando cada vez mais difícil pelo uso de inseticidas, o qual se dá possivelmente em função da emergência de populações de insetos pragas e vetores resistentes a diversos princípios ativos. Sendo assim a utilização de métodos alternativos vem ganhando cada vez mais força e dentro esses medos um em destaque e o controle biológico, o qual utiliza microrganismos, como no caso a Beauveria spp., para o controle de divessar pragas agrícolas, como no caso da lagarta do cartucho e da cigarrinha do milho. Dessa forma o objetivo deste trabalho foi de determinar, em condições de campo, o potencial do fungo Beauveria spp como agente de controle biológico da cigarrinha (Dalbulus maidis), diminuindo os sintomas do complexo enfezamento, e da lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) em milho. O fungo isolado no laboratório de Fitopatologia Molecular da UNESP de Ilha Solteira e multiplicado em milheto para posteriormente inoculado em campo. A resposta desse fungo entomopatogênico foi negativo para essas pragas do milho.O controle de diversas pragas de importância agrícola vem se tornando cada vez mais difícil pelo uso de inseticidas, o qual se dá possivelmente em função da emergência de populações de insetos pragas e vetores resistentes a diversos princípios ativos. Sendo assim a utilização de métodos alternativos vem ganhando cada vez mais força e dentro esses medos um em destaque e o controle biológico, o qual utiliza microrganismos, como no caso a Beauveria spp., para o controle de divessar pragas agrícolas, como no caso da lagarta do cartucho e da cigarrinha do milho. Dessa forma o objetivo deste trabalho foi de determinar, em condições de campo, o potencial do fungo Beauveria spp como agente de controle biológico da cigarrinha (Dalbulus maidis), diminuindo os sintomas do complexo enfezamento, e da lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) em milho. O fungo isolado no laboratório de Fitopatologia Molecular da UNESP de Ilha Solteira e multiplicado em milheto para posteriormente inoculado em campo. A resposta desse fungo entomopatogênico foi negativo para essas pragas do milho

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

Ac2-26 mimetic peptide of annexin A1 inhibits local and systemic inflammatory processes induced by bothrops moojeni venom and the lys-49 phospholipase A2 in a rat model

Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is an endogenous glucocorticoid regulated protein that modulates anti-inflammatory process and its therapeutic potential has recently been recognized in a range of systemic inflammatory disorders. The effect of the N-terminal peptide Ac2-26 of AnxA1 on the toxic activities of Bothrops moojeni crude venom (CV) and its myotoxin II (MjTX-II) were evaluated using a peritonitis rat model. Peritonitis was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of either CV or MjTX-II, a Lys-49 phospholipase A2. Fifteen minutes after the injection, the rats were treated with either Ac2-26 or PBS. Four hours later, the CV and MjTX-II-induced peritonitis were characterized by neutrophilia (in the peritoneal exudate, blood and mesentery) and increased number of mesenteric degranulated mast cells and macrophages. At 24 hours post-injection, the local inflammatory response was attenuated in the CV-induced peritonitis while the MjTX-II group exhibited neutrophilia (peritoneal exudates and blood). Ac2-26 treatment prevented the influx of neutrophils in MjTX-II-induced peritonitis and diminished the proportion of mesenteric degranulated mast cells and macrophages in CV-induced peritonitis. Additionally, CV and MjTX-II promoted increased levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the peritoneal exudates which were significantly reduced after Ac2-26 treatment. At 4 and 24 hours, the endogenous expression of AnxA1 was upregulated in the mesenteric neutrophils (CV and MjTX-II groups) and mast cells (CV group). In the kidneys, CV and MjTX-II administrations were associated with an increased number of macrophages and morphological alterations in the juxtamedullary nephrons in proximal and distal tubules. Ac2-26 promoted significant recovery of the juxtamedullary structures, decreased the number of macrophages and diminished the AnxA1 in epithelial cells from distal tubules and renal capsules. Our results show that Ac2-26 treatment significantly attenuates local and systemic inflammatory processes and indicate this peptide as a potential target for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the snakebite envenomation treatment.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Expression of AnxA1 in the mesenteric neutrophils.

<p>Strong AnxA1 immunoreactivity in neutrophils (arrows) from CV (B, C) and MjTX-II (E, F) groups, after 4 and 24 h, compared with cells of control group (A). The absence of immunoreactivity in the negative control (D). Scale bars: 5 μm. Counterstain: hematoxylin. Densitometric analysis of mesenteric neutrophils immunostained for AnxA1 in the CV (G) and MjTX-II (H) groups. The values (arbitrary units) are expressed as mean ± SEM of the sections analyzed from 5 rats /group. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs control.</p

Model to summarize the effects of Ac2-26 treatment after either CV or MjTX-II induced peritonitis.

<p>Local inflammation in the peritoneal exudate augments the number of neutrophils and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6 (A). This inflammation is decreased after Ac2-26 treatment (B). In the mesentery, the inflammatory response promotes the influx of macrophages, and increases the number of neutrophils, degranulated mast cells and the levels of AnxA1 expression (C). The Ac2-26 treatment decreased the numbers of all the inflammatory cells (D). The systemic inflammation results in an increase of neutrophils in the bloodstream (E); these levels are restored after Ac2-26 post-treatment (F). In the kidney (G), MjTX-II augmented the infiltration by macrophages (H) and Ac2-26 prevented this influx (I). Histopathological analysis showed direct (casts) and indirect (pyknotic nuclei/karyolysis) effects of the envenoming (J), which were restored by the Ac2-26 treatment (K). Higher levels of AnxA1 were observed in the distal tubules and glomerular cells after the administration of either CV or MjTX-II (L), and these levels decreased with the anti-inflammatory treatment (M).</p

Effect of Ac2-26 treatment on the mesenteric inflammation induced by CV and MjTX-II.

<p>Intact mast cells (arrows) in the control mesentery (A). Inflamed mesentery of CV—(B) and MjTX-II-induced peritonitis (C-D) with extravasated neutrophils in the tissue (arrowheads) as observed at 4 and 24 h. Reduced neutrophil influx (arrowheads) after Ac2-26 post-treatment at 4 (E) and 24 h (F) of MjTX-II-induced peritonitis. Vessels (V). Stain: Toluidine blue. Scale bars: 10 μm. Quantitative analysis of extravasated neutrophils in the mesentery after CV- (G) and MjTX-II–induced peritonitis (H). The data represent the mean ± SEM of cell numbers/mm² (n = 5 animals/group). **P < 0.01 vs control; ^§P < 0.05 vs MjTX-II-4 h.</p