Revisiting High School Studentsa Learning Styles in English Subject

The prime motive for this endeavor was toexplore the tenth grade English class students preferred learning styles studying in government secondary school so that English subject teachers could tailor their pedagogical strategies in relation to their students learning needs Further aim of this study was to identify any significance difference among the students on gender basis area basis and different categories of school basis The present study was an attempt to accomplish the objectives like to identify the tenth grade English class students learning styles The population of this study consisting of all the secondary level schools working in the government sector and positioned in the province of Punjab The multi stage cluster sampling method was employed while selecting the study sample from the population The scale used for the identification of students learning styles in this study was developed by Grasha-Riechmann The data collected through learning style scale was analyzed by employing descriptive statistics technique The results from data analysis depict that learning styles of the majority of students found to be Collaborative and Competitive Overall no considerable difference was surfaced between male-female urban-rural general-other categories of 10th grade English class students learning style

Dignity Statements of Urdu Naat

Naat is a beautiful way to appreciate the Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad (ﷺ). Writing a Naat is an honor for every Muslim poet. Many non-Muslim poets wrote beautiful Naats. The actual theme of writing a naat is to dignify the Holy Prophet above worldly designations. Every poet of Naat shows his love towards him. The dignity of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is above the worldly wisdom and positions

Optimal Spectrum Utilization and Flow Controlling In Heterogeneous Network with Reconfigurable Devices

Fairness provisioning in heterogeneous networks is a prime issue for high-rate data flow, wherein the inter-connectivity property among different communication devices provides higher throughput. In Hetnet, optimal resource utilization is required for efficient resource usage. Proper resource allocation in such a network led to higher data flow performance for real-time applications. In view of optimal resource allocation, a resource utilization approach for a reconfigurable cognitive device with spectrum sensing capability is proposed in this paper.  The allocation of the data flow rate at device level is proposed for optimization of network fairness in a heterogeneous network.  A dynamic approach of rate-inference optimization is proposed to provide fairness in dynamic data traffic conditions. The simulation results validate the improvement in offered quality in comparison to multi-attribute optimization

COMPARISON BETWEEN CAREER CHOICES OF MEDICAL STUDENTS IN FIRST YEAR MBBS AND CAREER CHOICES OF SAME STUDENTS IN SECOND YEAR MBBS

Background:Career choice is very important for every medical student even in firs year because if they don’t know their path and destination how they can walk through it. Purpose of our study is to find career choice in first and second year, factors responsible for making or changing a choice and their practice station. Methodology:It is an observational study in which 102 students of RAI medical college Sargodha were given questionnaire. Their career choice in 1st and 2nd year, factors influencing career choice and practice station was asked in that questionnaire. Result:Total 101(99%) students filled and returned performas. In our study 56(54.5%) participants were females and 46(45.5%) were males (6). Out of 101 students 66 (65.34%) students decided their career in 1sr year and did not change in second year. Among males cardiology is most preferred specialty in 1st year (26%) as well as 2nd year (23.91%) followed by general surgery and internal medicine. Among females cardiology is most preferred specialty in 1st year (23.63%) as well as 2nd year (18.18%). In 1st year cardiac surgery (12.72%) and obstetrics and gynaecology (10.9%) is next preferred specialty. In 2nd year obstetrics and gynaecology (16.36%) and dermatology (10.9%) is most preferred specialty. Most influencing factor is personal interest in both genders (83.16%). Most people preferred Pakistan as practice station (65.35%). Conclusion:This study showed mostly students chose clinical specialties. A few students have idea about new emerging fields. This study emphasizes the need of career counseling of medical student in early phase. Career guidance is also important for those students who remained undecided about their career even after house job

Ethnic Politics: An Issue to National Integration (The Case of Pakistan)

National integration has remained an evolving pursue in all the post-colonial divided societies. Although various approaches and strategies of national integration have been opted , but the situation remained complex. The state of Pakistan is also facing problems in the creation of national integration. These problems are due to conflicting socio-political fibre of Pakistani Society which was not handled properly. The diverse fibre of Pakistani Society was based on its ethnic composition. The state adopted an authoritarian policy to expand and consolidate its power and position. While responding authoritarian policy, ethnic groups provoked ethnic politics and started movements for the preservation of their identity. With due course of time, these ethnic movements become a challenge to the national integration. The study has its focus on various approaches to national integration. The research has also highlighted that although federalism is the best suited system for plural societies but effective working of federal institutions is required. For the creation of national integration, assimilationist strategy should be avoided and a pluralistic approach must be incorporated. Central government’s role as facilitator can diffuse the tension and brighten the process of national integration

Baloch Resistance during Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's Era: Causes and Consequences

Rising insurgency in Balochistan is one of the most serious threats to the federation of Pakistan. The Baloch tribal homeland is a vast area of desert and mountains. Geographically the province of Balochistan is considered the largest province of Pakistan while demographically it is smallest. Balochistan is the most underdeveloped province of Pakistan and this under-development reveals the alarming situation .Since 1947 Baloch have been facing different forms of deprivations and this sense of deprivation amongst Baloch has become one of the major reasons to give birth a number of uprisings against the federal government. Political arrangements under long military rules added doubts in the minds of Baloch people who had a scant representation in military and civil services of Pakistan. This situation has become a major source to strengthen sense of nationalism among the people of Balochistan. This study will highlight various causes of third Baloch insurgency during Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's era and its impacts on Pakistan. &nbsp

Politics of Ethnicity: A Theoretical Perspective

Ethnicity and Ethnic Politics is an important Phenomenon of Plural Societies. In developing world, ethnic politics is one of the main reasons of internal instability. Ethnic conflict leads towards ethnic politics which is often conceived as a conflict among ethnic groups. This study has focused on the theoretical frame work of ethnic politics, and the main argument is that state has a central role in developing, escalating and diffusing ethnic conflict that is why ethnic conflict does not only mean conflict among ethnic groups but group’s conflict with state is also the part of ethnic politics. The study highlights various steps towards the development of politics of ethnicity. A life cycle model of ethnic conflict is also drawn to analyze various stages of conflict, and how the intensity of ethnic conflict with state gradually gain momentum. The debate also focuses that ethnic conflict with state should be handled on priority basis. If state fails to resolve conflict, the reformation of nationality of a particular ethnic group creates serious unrest and threat to the process of nation buildin

Economic Aspect of Conflict Transformation in Balochistan (2001-2008)

Economic development tends to bring stability in conflict ridden areas and mostly acts as a prescription for political stability and sustainability. In this context, Balochistan is one such study which implicates that deprivation and economic backwardness have been key players in intensifying conflict within and between the federal and provincial governments. Relative economic deprivation in Balochistan has become one of the root causes of conflict in the area. This study would focuses on developmental projects introduced by President General Pervez Musharraf in 2005 to pacify the intensity of insurgency in Balochista

Kashmir Conflict: The Nationalistic Perspective (A Pre-Partition Phenomenon)

This paper argues with the changing narrative of Kashmir conflict in international arena, which is generally taken as an inter-state conflict between India and Pakistan. While this conflict must be viewed as an indigenous struggle for economic and social justice with its roots tracing back to 1846. This is also an effort to delink Kashmir from being merely an inter-state conflict to the conflict being a local Kashmiri struggle to preserve their identity based on distinct ethnicity. To understand the nature of conflict in true sense, Kashmir conflict is divided into two phases -prepartition and post partition period. Many proposals are put forward by various stake holders to resolve the conflict in Kashmir, but rigidity in attitudes at both sides India and Pakistan has made the situation worse. All concerned parties are having different perspective over Kashmir as per their specific interests. Peace process dynamics are weak with least attention from United States and other major powers to resolve the issue. The paper ends with the certain recommendations to resolve the issu

China’s Territorial Claim at South China Sea: A Strategic Competition with USA and its Implications

China claims South China Sea as its sovereign domain where it possesses the right to intervene militarily and economically. However, USA considers South China Sea as a common global passage where rule of law and freedom of navigation should prevail.These diverging viewpoints coexist in a wobbly peace environment where both US and China want their own version of international law to be applied and have occasionally resorted to minor armed conflicts over this issue. Every state claiming authority over South China Sea is willing to use coercion in order to get what they want, however, the extent of how far they are willing to go is not clear. This is resulting in a show of gunboat diplomacy involving maritime force of influential states that strives to manipulate the policy makers of the relevant nations (Costlow, 2012). The paper will focus on the situation in the South China Sea. South China Sea is not only claimed by China but various other Asian nations. Does this territorial strife possess the power to turn the region into a war zone? Being one of the most active trade routes in the world having complicated geography and the diverging regional and international interests makes it very sensitive area. China being the emerging economic giant gives competition to the USA in many spheres. Although America has no territorial claim in the South China Sea, it has strategic and economic interests. Where China wants a complete hegemonic control of the area, USA wants to find a way where free unchecked trade could be the future for all.Accompanied with numerous other South Asian nations claiming various portions of the region, a constant tension exists in the region.&nbsp