Estilo Patrimônio: sobre preservação, arquitetura e cenarização | Heritage style: about preservation, architecture and scenarization

Na construção de referenciais identitários nacionais, alguns órgãos foram criados e mobilizados na consolidação do ideário de nação almejado pelas políticas públicas brasileiras da primeira metade do século vinte. Este artigo se debruça sobre a atuação do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional na cidade de São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, buscando compreender sua ação no fortalecimento de certo imaginário arquitetônico. Entendendo, pois, a prevalência do gosto pessoal dos arquitetos desse órgão sobre a arquitetura dos núcleos a serem preservados, esta pesquisa também visa entender os atravessamentos ideológicos na desvalorização da arquitetura eclética, alvo maior na transformação dos núcleos setecentistas após seu tombamento federal. Nas intervenções em São João del-Rei as platibandas eram as maiores inimigas dos agentes do Instituto do Patrimônio, e o beiral, endeusado, significava o “retorno ao estado original” da edificação ou a consolidação de uma feição idealizada pelos modernistas. Assim se estabeleceu o “estilo patrimônio”: primeiro com modificações nas edificações ecléticas pré-existentes, em prol de dar-lhes o aspecto “colonioso”; depois adotando as características da arquitetura residencial setecentista como pré-requisito para novas obras e intervenções no núcleo tombado. A partir do levantamento das edificações analisadas nos arquivos do Instituto do Patrimônio, o cruzamento dos dados possibilitou traçar o panorama das modificações realizadas na criação da “cidade-cenário” atualmente existente. Os critérios, empregados até hoje, além de configurar um perfil urbano excludente e sem pluralidade, ocasiona a perda do fazer arquitetônico contemporâneo nessa busca equivocada pela preservação

Investigation of hypovitaminosis D in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and its relationship with clinical worsening: a cross-sectional observational retrospective clinical study

Numerous studies have demonstrated the profile of infection and symptoms related to COVID-19 that occur with pulmonary manifestations (such as Acute Respiratory Syndrome), digestive symptoms, anosmia, and ageusia. Many comorbidities have been associated with deaths and severe cases of the disease, such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and heart disease. However, many questions remain unanswered, especially the association of disease severity with hypovitaminosis D. Vitamin D deficiency is widely found in patients in Intensive Care Units, and recent studies have shown that it has been suggested that patients with severe manifestations of COVID-19 have hypovitaminosis D. Therefore, the present study aims to associate the presence of hypovitaminosis D in patients with the acute respiratory syndrome, positive for SARS-COV-2, admitted to the José Alencar Regional Hospital in Uberaba/Brazil and the evolution of the disease (days of hospitalization, hospitalization in the ICU, discharge and death) through the analysis of vitamin D (25(OH)D) hospitalized patients clinical records. The incidence of hypovitaminosis D among the patients was also assessed. The results may contribute to the understanding of the disease, as well as the need for vitamin supplementation

Comprehensive geriatric assessment as a morbimortality predictor in patients vulnerable to the chemotherapy treatment

Objectives: to determine the predictive value of the Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) regarding toxicity and mortality in elderly cancer patients classified as vulnerable who were submitted to chemotherapy. Method: A prospective cohort study was performed with data gathered from the database already built by the anchor project and available online. Tables of the frequency of distribution of the studied variables were created. The chi-square test was used in the univariate analysis, and the Fisher test when indicated. The level of significance of 5% were considered and all the tests were applied with a confidence of 95%. Results: The frequency of patients classified as vulnerable by CGA was 40.2%, and the mortality rate in the total number of patients was 37%. The association between nutritional status and mortality (p=0.003) was observed, where most of the denuded patients (51.4%) died during follow-up, and most patients (46.5%) had some type of complication. Conclusion: There was an association between the increase in mortality in patients vulnerable to chemotherapy (p=0,046), when compared to healthy patients. The results of this study follow the literature on the use of CGA can help oncologists and geriatricians in their decision making.Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar o valor preditivo da Avaliação Geriátrica Ampla (AGA) em relação à toxicidade e mortalidade nos pacientes oncológicos idosos classificados como vulneráveis, submetidos à quimioterapia. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte prospectivo com coleta de informações extraídas de banco de dados já construído do projeto ÂNCORA e disponível online. Foram construídas tabelas de distribuição de frequência das variáveis estudadas e na análise univariada foi usado o chi-quadrado e Teste de Fisher, quando indicado. Por fim, considerou-se o nível de significância de 5% e todos os testes foram aplicados com 95% de confiança. Resultados: Em uma amostra total de 254 pacientes, o percentual de mortalidade foi de 37% e de intercorrências foi de 46,5%, sendo infecção a mais frequente. Houve associação entre o déficit nutricional e o aumento da mortalidade (p=0,003). Conclusão: Observou-se associação estatística entre o aumento da mortalidade em pacientes vulneráveis que realizaram quimioterapia (p=0,046), quando comparados aos pacientes saudáveis. Os resultados deste estudo reforçam constatações da literatura como o uso da AGA pode ajudar oncologistas e geriatras em suas tomadas de decisão

Hexapoda Yearbook (Arthropoda: Mandibulata: Pancrustacea) Brazil 2020: the first annual production survey of new Brazilian species

This paper provided a list of all new Brazilian Hexapoda species described in 2020. Furthermore, based on the information extracted by this list, we tackled additional questions regarding the taxa, the specialists involved in the species descriptions as well as the journals in which those papers have been published. We recorded a total of 680 new Brazilian species of Hexapoda described in 2020, classified in 245 genera, 112 families and 18 orders. These 680 species were published in a total of 219 articles comprising 423 different authors residing in 27 countries. Only 30% of these authors are women, which demonstrates an inequality regarding sexes. In relation to the number of authors by species, the majority of the new species had two authors and the maximum of authors by species was five. We also found inequalities in the production of described species regarding the regions of Brazil, with Southeast and South leading. The top 10 institutions regarding productions of new species have four in the Southeast, two at South and with one ate North Region being the outlier of this pattern. Out of the total 219 published articles, Zootaxa dominated with 322 described species in 95 articles. The average impact factor was of 1.4 with only seven articles being published in Impact Factors above 3, indicating a hardship on publishing taxonomic articles in high-impact journals.The highlight of this paper is that it is unprecedent, as no annual record of Hexapoda species described was ever made in previous years to Brazil.Fil: Silva Neto, Alberto Moreira. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Lopes Falaschi, Rafaela. Universidade Estadual do Ponta Grossa; BrasilFil: Zacca, Thamara. Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro. Museu Nacional; BrasilFil: Hipólito, Juliana. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Costa Lima Pequeno, Pedro Aurélio. Universidade Federal de Roraima; BrasilFil: Alves Oliveira, João Rafael. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Oliveira Dos Santos, Roberto. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Heleodoro, Raphael Aquino. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Jacobina, Adaiane Catarina Marcondes. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Somavilla, Alexandre. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Camargo, Alexssandro. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: de Oliveira Lira, Aline. Universidad Federal Rural Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Sampaio, Aline Amanda. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: da Silva Ferreira, André. Universidad Federal Rural Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Martins, André Luis. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Figueiredo de Oliveira, Andressa. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; BrasilFil: Gonçalves da Silva Wengrat , Ana Paula. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Batista Rosa, Augusto Henrique. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Dias Corrêa, Caio Cezar. Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro. Museu Nacional; BrasilFil: Costa De-Souza, Caroline. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi; BrasilFil: Anjos Dos Santos, Danielle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; ArgentinaFil: Pacheco Cordeiro, Danilo. Instituto Nacional Da Mata Atlantica; BrasilFil: Silva Nogueira, David. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Almeida Marques, Dayse Willkenia. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Nunes Barbosa, Diego. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Mello Mendes, Diego Matheus. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá; BrasilFil: Galvão de Pádua, Diego. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Silva Vilela, Diogo. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Gomes Viegas, Eduarda Fernanda. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Carneiro dos Santos, Eduardo. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Rodrigues Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Brasi

Paradoxos da “identidade nacional” nos discursos arquitetônicos de Lucio Costa e Sylvio de Vasconcellos

n the debate about the period and the architectural style that represented the national identity in the historiography of Brazilian architecture, in the first decades of the twentieth century, different agents took place in the consolidation of the architectural heritage idea. Important characters in cultural preservation policies, such as Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade and Mário de Andrade, integrated the public space emphasizing their positions of organic intellectuals in cultural policies. Given this fact, this article focuses on the consolidation in the social imaginary of eighteenth-century architecture as an effective representation of national architecture, consolidating itself as a style/period with the largest number of buildings listed until 1970. Understanding the different subjects involved in this process, this article focuses on the effective political action of Lucio Costa and Sylvio Vasconcellos on the defense of colonial heritage, based on texts and interventions in the overturned cities throughout Brazil, shaping and consolidating their strategies around an ideology of heritage and nation. In addition, we seek to understand the direct relationship established by both agents between the “elected” national heritage architecture and the precepts of the new architectural practice linked to the Modern Movement, to which they were adherents. Justifying the new from the primitive, in a perfect relationship where everything can be explained and fitted, the eclectic architecture was treated as a copy of styles, exacerbation of ornaments and link to foreignism, in opposition at the claimed nation project. We should always review concepts and guidelines, dealing more truthfully and fairly with our eclectic heritage, and consequently with our architectural historiography.No debate em torno do período e do estilo arquitetônico que representassem a identidade nacional na historiografia da arquitetura brasileira, nas primeiras décadas do século XX, diferentes agentes tomaram lugar na consolidação do ideário patrimonial arquitetônico. Figuras marcantes às políticas de preservação cultural, tais como Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade e Mário de Andrade, integraram o espaço público ressaltando suas posições de intelectuais inerentes às políticas culturais. Tendo em vista tal fato, este artigo se debruça sobre a consolidação no imaginário social da arquitetura setecentista enquanto efetiva representação da arquitetura nacional, concretizando-se enquanto estilo/período com o maior número de edificações tombadas até 1970. Compreendendo os diferentes sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo, centra-se, assim, na efetiva ação política de Lucio Costa e Sylvio Vasconcellos na defesa em torno do patrimônio colonial, a partir de textos e intervenções nas cidades tombadas Brasil afora, conformandoe consolidando suas estratégias em torno de um ideário de patrimônio e nação. Além disso, busca-se compreender a relação direta estabelecida por ambos os agentes entre a arquitetura “eleita” patrimônio nacional e os preceitos do novo fazer arquitetônico vinculado ao Movimento Moderno, ao qual eram adeptos. Justificando o novo a partir do primitivo, numa relação perfeita em que tudo se explica e se encaixa, a arquitetura eclética foi tratada como cópia de estilos, exacerbação de ornamentos e vinculação ao estrangeirismo, se opondo assim ao projeto de nação pleiteado. Devemos sempre rever conceitos e diretrizes, tratando de forma mais verdadeira e justa o nosso patrimônio eclético, e em consequência, nossa historiografia arquitetônica

Ticks as potential vectors of Mycobacterium leprae: Use of tick cell lines to culture the bacilli and generate transgenic strains.

Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and frequently resulting in irreversible deformities and disabilities. Ticks play an important role in infectious disease transmission due to their low host specificity, worldwide distribution, and the biological ability to support transovarial transmission of a wide spectrum of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and protozoa. To investigate a possible role for ticks as vectors of leprosy, we assessed transovarial transmission of M. leprae in artificially-fed adult female Amblyomma sculptum ticks, and infection and growth of M. leprae in tick cell lines. Our results revealed M. leprae RNA and antigens persisting in the midgut and present in the ovaries of adult female A. sculptum at least 2 days after oral infection, and present in their progeny (eggs and larvae), which demonstrates the occurrence of transovarial transmission of this pathogen. Infected tick larvae were able to inoculate viable bacilli during blood-feeding on a rabbit. Moreover, following inoculation with M. leprae, the Ixodes scapularis embryo-derived tick cell line IDE8 supported a detectable increase in the number of bacilli for at least 20 days, presenting a doubling time of approximately 12 days. As far as we know, this is the first in vitro cellular system able to promote growth of M. leprae. Finally, we successfully transformed a clinical M. leprae isolate by inserting the reporter plasmid pCHERRY3; transformed bacteria infected and grew in IDE8 cells over a 2-month period. Taken together, our data not only support the hypothesis that ticks may have the potential to act as a reservoir and/or vector of leprosy, but also suggest the feasibility of technological development of tick cell lines as a tool for large-scale production of M. leprae bacteria, as well as describing for the first time a method for their transformation

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio