O DEBATE ENTRE ORIGINALISMO E O CONSTITUCIONALISMO DEMOCRÁTICO: ASPECTOS ATUAIS DA TEORIA DA INTERPRETAÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL NORTE-AMERICANA

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar a doutrina de interpretação constitucional oriunda da Escola de yale. Tal doutrina fundamenta-se no chamado Originalismo Vivo ou constitucionalismo Democrático e procura rever posições clássicas do já conhecido debate entre os Originalistas e Não–originalistas no contexto da interpretação constitucional norte-americana.PALAVRAS-CHAVE:  interpretação constitucional. constitucionalismo Democrático. Originalismo Vivo

Entrevista com a Professora Ana Lúcia de Lyra Tavares

 RESUMO: Entrevista com a Professora Ana Lúcia de Lyra Tavares, professora assistente da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil ABSTRACT: Interview with Ana Lúcia de Lyra Tavares, assistant professor at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

O Direito Constitucional Comparado entre renascimento e consolidação

This paper has two main objectives. First, there is a critical analysis of the process of “rebirth” of comparative constitutional law. This revival takes place in the North-American legal literature as a direct result of constitutional law’s internationalization movement. Accordingly, this new reality imposes new perspectives in this field of Law. Our second objective is to understand how the current study of Comparative Constitutional Law is part of a theoretical framework which one of its main purposes is the instrumentalization of new proposals for political transformations in Western liberal democracies.O presente estudo possui essencialmente dois objetivos principais. O primeiro deles consiste em realizar uma análise crítica do processo que se designa de "renascimento" do Direito Constitucional Comparado. Esse renascimento, por sua vez, tem lugar particularmente na academia norte-americana, e é resultado direto do movimento de internacionalização do Direito Constitucional.  Essa nova realidade impõe concomitantemente novas perspectivas para o estudo desta área do Direito. A principal delas, objeto segundo de nosso trabalho, é a compreensão da nova modelagem dada atualmente ao Direito Constitucional Comparado. O estudo do Direito Comparado, hoje, se apresenta como parte integrante de um quadro teórico em que um dos principais objetivos é a sua instrumentalização de novas propostas de transformações políticas para as democracias liberais ocidentais

Punica granatum L. Hydrogel for Wound Care Treatment: From Case Study to Phytomedicine Standardization

The pharmacological activities of many Punica granatum L. components suggest a wide range of clinical applications for the prevention and treatment of diseases where chronic inflammation is believed to play an essential etiologic role. The current work reports a case study analyzing the effect produced by a magistral formulation of ethanolic extracts of Punica granatum peels on a non-healing chronic ulcer. The complete closure of the chronic ulcer that was initially not responsive to standard medical care was observed. A 2% (w/w) P. granatum peels ethanolic extract hydrogel-based formulation (PGHF) was standardized and subjected to physicochemical studies to establish the quality control parameters using, among others, assessment criteria such as optimum appearance, pH range, viscosity and hydrogel disintegration. The stability and quantitative chromatographic data was assessed in storage for six months under two temperature regimes. An efficient HPLC-DAD method was established distinguishing the biomarkers punicalin and punicalagin simultaneously in a single 8 min run. PGHF presented suitable sensorial and physicochemical performance, showing that punicalagin was not significantly affected by storage (p > 0.05). Formulations containing extracts with not less than 0.49% (w/w) total punicalagin might find good use in wound healing therapy

Social and environmental determinants of health and cardio-kidney-metabolic syndrome-related mortality

Importance: It is not well understood if and how various social and environmental determinants of health (SEDoH) are associated with mortality rates related to cardio-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM) across the US.Objective: To study the magnitude of the association strength of SEDoH with CKM-related mortality at the county level across the US.Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional, retrospective, population-based study used aggregate county-level data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) data portal from 2010-2019. Data analysis occurred from September 2023 to January 2024.Exposures: A total of 7 diverse SEDoH were chosen, including median annual household income, percentage of racial and ethnic minority residents per county, fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) concentrations, high-school completion rate, primary health care access, food insecurity, and rurality rate.Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was county-level age-adjusted mortality rate (aaMR) attributable to CKM. The association of county-level CKM-related aaMR with the 7 SEDoH was analyzed using geographically weighted models and the model median coefficients for each covariate studied.Results: Data from 3101 of 3243 counties (95.6%) were analyzed. There was substantial variation in SEDoH between states and counties. The overall pooled median (IQR) aaMR (2010-2019) in the US was 505.5 (441.3-578.9) per 100 000 residents. Most counties in the lower half of the US had rates much higher than the pooled median (eg, Southern US median [IQR] aaMR, 537.3 [466.0-615.9] per 100 000 residents). CKM-related mortality was positively associated with the food insecurity rate (median [IQR] β = 6.78 [2.78-11.56]) and PM2.5 concentrations (median [IQR] β = 5.52 [-11.06 to 19.70]), while it was negatively associated with median annual household income (median [IQR] β = -0.002 [-0.003 to -0.001]), rurality (median [IQR] β = -0.32 [-0.67 to 0.02]), high school completion rate (median [IQR] β = -1.89 [-4.54 to 0.10]), racial and ethnic minority rate (median [IQR] β = -0.66 [-1.85 to 0.89]), and primary health care access rate (median [IQR] β = -0.18 [-0.35 to 0.07]).Conclusions and relevance: In this cross-sectional study of county-level data across the US, there were substantial geographical differences in the magnitude of the association of SEDoH with CKM-related aaMR. These findings may provide guidance for deciding local health care policy

Relationship between Genetic Variability and Land Use and Land Cover in Populations of Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae)

Campomanesia adamantium is an endemic plant of Cerrado biome that has potential for cultivation because its fruits have culinary and medicinal uses. However, genetic diversity studies using molecular markers with Cerrado species are scarce, and the inadequate extractive exploitation of fruits and the expansion of agricultural frontiers may also affect genetic variability. Therefore, studies in this field are of interest as they can provide sources for conservation and breeding programs. In this context, we investigated the genetic diversity of native populations of C. adamantium from different sites and the relationship between genetic variability and the land use and land cover of each site. A total of 207 plants were sampled in seven sites and characterized with seven polymorphic microsatellite markers. The use and coverage of land were mapped based on aerial images, and the land was classified into different categories. The genetic diversity was high in all populations, with low levels of differentiation due to allele sharing, mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay populations. The geographically closest populations were more genetically similar. The use and coverage of land indicated that intense agriculture promotes a significant decrease in genetic variability