Chemical inhibition of the contaminant lactobacillus fermentum from distilleries producing fuel bioethanol

The purpose of this study was to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of pure or mixed chemicals for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus fermentum in the samples isolated from distilleries with serious bacterial contamination problems. The biocides, which showed the best results were: 3,4,4' trichlorocarbanilide (TCC), tested at pH 4.0 (MIC = 3.12 mg/l), TCC with benzethonium chloride (CBe) at pH 6.0 (MIC = 3.12 mg/l) and TCC mixed with benzalkonium chloride (CBa) at pH 6.0 (MIC = 1.53 mg /l). If CBa was used in sugar cane milling in 1:1 ratio with TCC, a 8 times reduction of CBa was possible. This formulation also should be tested in fermentation steps since it was more difficult for the bacterium to develop resistance to biocide. There was no inhibition of S. cerevisiae and there were only antibiotics as an option to bacterial control of fuel ethanol fermentation by S. cerevisiae573441447FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçã

Entre arquiteturas, cidades e feminismos : pesquisas do observatório amar é linha

A presente coletânea foi produzida pelo Observatório Amar.é.linha, que tem se dedicado a discutir o papel e as relações entre arquitetura, mulher e cidade. São pesquisas teóricas ou práticas que transitam e integram o trabalho das pesquisadoras Maribel Aliaga e Carolina Pescatori, entre graduação e pósgraduação, mantendo uma tradição da Universidade de Brasília desde a sua criação

Root and alveolar bone changes in first premolars adjacent to the traction of buccal versus palatal maxillary impacted canines

Objective: To compare the root and alveolar bone changes in first premolars adjacent to the orthodontic traction of buccal versus palatal maxillary impacted canines (MIC). Materials and methods: Before and after traction, cone beam tomographic computed (CBCTs) of 25 subjects with unilateral/bilateral MIC were included in this follow-up and retrospective study. Thirty-six first premolars were divided into 2 groups, buccal (n = 15) or palatal (n = 21) MIC, and the tomographic images were evaluated before and after orthodontic traction. Root changes in length and area were measured in sagittal, coronal and axial sections. Dimensions of alveolar bone were evaluated in coronal sections. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were performed using t or Mann-Whitney U tests. Multiple linear regressions analyses were used to evaluate the influence of all predictor variables on root and alveolar bone changes (P<0.05). Results: Root and alveolar bone changes produced by orthodontic traction were not significant between groups. Root changes were smaller than 1 mm (length) and 2.51 mm2 (area). Alveolar bone changes between buccal and palatal MIC groups ranged from 0.13 mm to 1.69 mm Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed no significant influence of the impaction condition (buccal or palatal) on root change. Nevertheless, some different predictor variables of the MIC influence these changes. In the alveolar bone, the maximum upper alveolar width (MUAW) is the most affected by the traction of the MIC. Conclusions: Orthodontic traction of buccal vs palatal MIC produces similar resorptive and appositional root and alveolar bone changes in the adjacent first premolars, without clinical relevance

Accuracy of computer-assisted surgery in immediate implant placement : an experimental study

Purpose: Computer-guided surgery has been increased in recent years. Nonetheless, few data are available on the validation of this technique for immediate implant placement. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of computer-guided surgery in immediate implant placement. Materials and methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans (CBCTs) and virtual models were obtained of eight fresh pigs hemi-mandibles to perform the digital planning of implants placement. Fifteen implants were simulated, and surgical guides were designed to transfer the digital planning to the surgical procedure. Postsurgical CBCTs were performed to compare the position of the planned implants versus the real implant position. Paired t-test and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess the mean differences and correlations in each outcome variable evaluated twice by one experienced researcher. Furthermore, variations were compared with the results reported in the scientific literature using a one-sample t-test P 0.05). The ICC values ranged from 0.888 to 0.949. Furthermore, the mean deviation was 1.43 mm at the implant neck, 2.19 mm at the apex, and 6.81° for the angular deviation. Similarly, significant differences (P < 0.05) were found at the neck and angular deviation when comparing the results with values reported in the literature. Conclusions: Although some variations were observed, they did not have a clinically significant impact. Therefore, computer-guided surgery could be satisfactorily used in immediate implants placement

Three-dimensional evaluation of the root resorption of maxillary incisors after the orthodontic traction of bicortically impacted canines : case reports

Background: The root resorption of the maxillary incisors after the orthodontic traction of impacted canines is a concern for clinicians. The aim of this case series report was to evaluate the root resorption of the maxillary incisors after traction until the occlusal plane of the bicortically impacted canines (placed between the two cortical bones in the middle of the alveolar process) located in a complex position using three-dimensional superimposition. This case series report describes the root resorption of the maxillary incisors after orthodontic traction with NiTi closed coil springs and a heavy anchorage appliance in three cases of bilateral impacted canines located in a complex position (bicortically) near to midline. Cone-beam computed tomographies (CBCTs) were obtained before and after traction. Root resorption in all root surfaces of the maxillary incisors was evaluated with color-coded maps using the ITK-SNAP and the 3D Slicer software to indicate loss of the root surface (in red) or gain of the surface (in blue) and was quantified in millimeters by the superimposition method. Results: The root changes mainly occurred in the apical third of the maxillary incisor root and did not exceed 2 mm. Conclusions: Root resorption of the maxillary incisors after the traction of bicortically impacted canines located in a complex position was observed mainly in the apex region, and the amount of root resorption was smaller than 2 mm in all root surfaces

Sagittal, rotational and transverse changes with three intraoral distalization force systems : Jones jig, distal jet and first class

To compare the maxillary dentoalveolar changes of patients treated with three distalization force systems: Jones Jig, Distal Jet and First Class appliances, using digitized models. The retrospective sample comprised 118 digitized models of 59 patients

Patrón geométrico de pacientes hipertensos que ingresan por insuficiencia cardiaca

Hypertensive heart disease is a complex and variable set of effects that causes the chronic elevation of blood pressure in the heart. We conducted a prospective descriptive study of the patients admitted to the provincial hospital September 17 Sumbe, province of Kwanza Sul, Angola, in the period from 2015 to 2017, with the objective of describing the geometric pattern of hypertensive patients admitted to heart failure. We investigated 97 patients who were admitted to acute ventricular failure. 52.6 % belonged to the female sex, patients under 58 years of age predominated. The mean of the ventricular mass was pathological (271.60 g). The most frequent geometric pattern was concentric remodeling of the left ventricle with 64.9 % and left ventricle diastolic dysfunction grade IV was the predominant with 42 patients. Severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction was the greatest exponent with 27 patients in the entire sample. Finally, those of different degrees of hypertensive heart disease, the grade IV with 61 patients prevailed. We concluded that more than a half of the patients were under 58 years of age and women were more affected. There was a predominance of concentric remodeling of the left ventricle, as well as its diastolic dysfunction. It is relevant that the majority of patients classified in grade IV hypertensive heart disease.La cardiopatía hipertensiva es un complejo y variable conjunto de efectos que provoca en el corazón la elevación crónica de la presión arterial. Realizamos un estudio descriptivo prospectivo de los pacientes que ingresaron en el hospital provincial 17 de septembro, Sumbe provincia de Kwanza Sul, Angola, en el periodo comprendido desde 2015 al 2017, con el objetivo de describir el patrón geométrico de pacientes hipertensos que ingresaron en insuficiencia cardiaca. Se investigaron 97 pacientes que se admitieron con insuficiencia ventricular aguda. Pertenecían al sexo femenino el 52,6 %, predominaron los pacientes menores de 58 años. La media de la masa ventricular fue patológica (271,60 gramos). El patrón geométrico más frecuente fue el remodelado concéntrico del ventrículo izquierdo con un 64,9 % y la disfunción diastólica ventrículo izquierdo grado IV fue la predominante con 42 pacientes. La disfunción sistólica ventrículo izquierdo severa fue la mayor exponente con 27 pacientes de toda la muestra. Finalmente, los de diferentes grados de la cardiopatía hipertensiva, predominó el grado IV con 61 enfermos. Se concluye que más de la mitad de los pacientes eran menores de 58 años y las mujeres estuvieron más afectadas. Hubo un predominio del remodelado concéntrico de ventrículo izquierdo, así como de la disfunción diastólica del mismo. Es relevante que la mayoría de los enfermos clasificaran en el grado IV de la cardiopatía hipertensiva

Class II malocclusion treatment changes with the Jones jig, Distal jet and First Class appliances

Objective: Maxillary molar distalization with intraoral distalizer appliances is a non-extraction orthodontic treatment used to correct molar relationship in patients with Class II malocclusion presenting maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion and minor skeletal discrepancies. This study compares the changes caused by three distalizers with different force systems. Methodology: 71 patients, divided into three groups, were included. The Jones jig group (JJG, n=30; 16 male, 14 female, 13.17 years mean age) was treated with the Jones jig for 0.8 years. The Distal jet group (DJG, n=25; 8 male, 17 female, 12.57 years mean age) was treated with the Distal jet for 1.06 years. The First Class group (FCG, n=16; 6 male, 10 female, 12.84 years mean age) was treated with the First Class for 0.69 years. Intergroup treatment changes were compared using one-way ANOVA, followed by post-hoc Tukey’s tests. Results: Intergroup comparisons showed significantly greater maxillary incisor protrusion in DJG than in FCG (2.56±2.24 mm vs. 0.74±1.39mm, p=0.015). The maxillary first premolars showed progressive and significantly smaller mesial angulation in JJG, FCG and DJG, respectively (14.65±6.31º, 8.43±3.99º, 0.97±3.16º; p&lt;0.001). They also showed greater mesialization in JJG than FCG (3.76±1.46 mm vs. 2.27±1.47 mm, p=0.010), and greater extrusion in DJG compared to JJG (0.90±0.77 mm vs 0.11±0.60 mm, p=0.004). The maxillary second premolars showed progressive and significantly smaller mesial angulation and mesialization in JJG, FCG and DJG, respectively (12.77±5.78º, 3.20±3.94º, -2.12±3.71º and 3.87±1.34 mm, 2.25±1.40 mm, 1.24±1.26 mm, respectively; p&lt;0.001). DJG showed smaller distal angulation of maxillary first molars (-2.14±5.09º vs. -7.73±4.28º and -6.05±3.76º, for the JJG and FCG, respectively; p&lt;0.001) and greater maxillary second molars extrusion (1.17±1.41 mm vs -0.02±1.16 mm and 0.16±1.40 mm, for the JJG and FCG, respectively; p=0.003). Overjet change was significantly larger in DJG compared to FCG (1.79±1.67 mm vs 0.68±0.84; p=0.046). Treatment time was smaller in FCG (0.69±0.22 years vs 0.81±0.33 years and 1.06±0.42 years, comparing it with the JJG and DJG, respectively; p=0.005). Conclusion: The three appliances corrected the Class II molar relationship by dentoalveolar changes. The Distal jet produced smaller molar distal angulation than the Jones jig and First Class. The First Class appliance showed less anchorage loss, greater percentage of distalization and shorter treatment time than the Jones jig and Distal jet

Medida da solubilização de cloreto de magnésio em solução aquosa por condutividade do eletrólito

In this work, the solubilization and diffusion of magnesium chloride in aqueous media was studied. For this end, electrical conductivity tests with different probe and MgCl2 tablet positions. Regardless of the probe and tablet geometric configurations, all tests followed the same methodology: an MgCl2 tablet, previously pressed, was placed in a container in a given location with deionized water, and the electrolyte conductivity was measured versus time. The tests were performed without stirring, i.e., under static conditions to avoid interference from other phenomena, such as convection. However, even without stirring, the convection occurred due to gas liberation from formed tablet porous or by liberation of particles due to the gravity.Neste trabalho estudou-se a solubilização e difusão do cloreto de magnésio em água. Para isso, foram realizados ensaios de condutividade elétrica com diferentes posicionamentos do sensor e da pastilha de MgCl2. Independente da configuração geométrica da pastilha e dos sensores, todos os ensaios seguiram a mesma metodologia: uma pastilha, previamente prensada, de MgCl2 foi posicionada em uma determinada localização do recipiente contendo água deionizada e, a partir daí, mediu-se a condutividade do eletrólito ao longo do tempo. Para minimizar a interferência de outros fenômenos, como a convecção, os ensaios foram realizados de forma estática. Entretanto, observou-se que, mesmo sem agitação do recipiente, a convecção ainda ocorreu na maioria dos ensaios devido à liberação de gases aprisionados nos poros da pastilha prensada ou por desprendimento de partículas devido à gravidade