Optical Losses of Thin Solar Cells on the Basis of n-ZnS / p-CdTe and n-CdS / p-CdTe Heterojunctions

The optical reflection and absorption losses in the accessory layers of solar cells based on n-ZnS / p- CdTe and n-CdS / p-CdTe heterojunctions are defined in this work. Aluminum doped zinc oxide is used as the front conductive layer material. It is shown that the replacement of traditional window material (CdS) for a wide-one (ZnS) leads to an increase in accessory solar cells layers transmittance. When the thickness of the window layers is 50 nm, the transmittance using ZnS windows with the wavelength of 380-500 nm is higher in 7-40 % than the corresponding value for CdS. At 300 nm for the same spectral field the difference increases to 8-89 %. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3559

Structural and electrical properties of ZnS/CdTe and ZnTe/CdTe heterostructures

We investigated the structural, substructural and electrical properties of ZnS/CdTe and ZnTe/CdTe heterostructures obtained by the close-spaced vacuum sublimation. It was found that the structural properties of CdTe and ZnTe thin films deposited on ZnS or CdTe sublayers are better than those of the films obtained on glass substrate at the same growth conditions. XRD-analysis has shown that Zn(x)Cd(1- x)Te(x = 0.21-0.30) solid solutions having the cubic phase were formed near the films’ interfaces. Furthermore, the saturation current, the ideality factor and the value of the potential barrier height were determined by the analysis of dark currentevoltage characteristics. This makes it possible to establish optimal growth conditions of ZnS/CdTe heterojunctions. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3016

Measurement of the muon flux from 400 GeV/c protons interacting in a thick molybdenum/tungsten target

The SHiP experiment is proposed to search for very weakly interacting particles beyond the Standard Model which are produced in a 400 GeV/c proton beam dump at the CERN SPS. About 1011 muons per spill will be produced in the dump. To design the experiment such that the muon-induced background is minimized, a precise knowledge of the muon spectrum is required. To validate the muon flux generated by our Pythia and GEANT4 based Monte Carlo simulation (FairShip), we have measured the muon flux emanating from a SHiP-like target at the SPS. This target, consisting of 13 interaction lengths of slabs of molybdenum and tungsten, followed by a 2.4 m iron hadron absorber was placed in the H4 400 GeV/c proton beam line. To identify muons and to measure the momentum spectrum, a spectrometer instrumented with drift tubes and a muon tagger were used. During a 3-week period a dataset for analysis corresponding to (3.27±0.07) × 1011 protons on target was recorded. This amounts to approximatively 1% of a SHiP spill

Track reconstruction and matching between emulsion and silicon pixel detectors for the SHiP-charm experiment

In July 2018 an optimization run for the proposed charm cross section measurement for SHiP was performed at the CERN SPS. A heavy, moving target instrumented with nuclear emulsion films followed by a silicon pixel tracker was installed in front of the Goliath magnet at the H4 proton beam-line. Behind the magnet, scintillating-fibre, drift-tube and RPC detectors were placed. The purpose of this run was to validate the measurement's feasibility, to develop the required analysis tools and fine-tune the detector layout. In this paper, we present the track reconstruction in the pixel tracker and the track matching with the moving emulsion detector. The pixel detector performed as expected and it is shown that, after proper alignment, a vertex matching rate of 87% is achieved

Influence of solution precursors on structure of ZnO films

In the work using high resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray analysis, we carry out the studying of the correlation between chemical and technological conditions of deposition, the initial solution composition and structural properties of the synthesized samples of zinc oxide. Growth of the layers depends on the initial precursors and it occurs through formation of the ordered array of nanorods and nanoflowers. It is shown that it is possible to choose the optimal conditions to obtain ZnO films with controlled structural properties that can be used as the base layers in microelectronic devices

Effect of substrate temperature on structural and substructural properties of MgO thin films

In this paper we have studied the influence of substrate temperature deposition on structural and substructural characteristics of magnesium oxide films by X-ray diffraction analysis. The thin films of MgO were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique from magnesium chloride solution. We have established the phase composition, the lattice constant, coherent scattering domain size, microstrain level of the films. The optimal conditions for the application of the homogeneous single-phase films of stoichiometric composition were identified

Determination of fundamental optical constants of Zn2SnO4 films

Examined in this paper have been optical properties of polycrystalline films Zn2SnO4 deposited using the spray pyrolysis method within the range of substrate temperatures 250 °C to 450 °C in increments of 50 °C. The spectral dependences have been found for the following physical quantities: k(), n(), ε1(), ε2() and defined as they change under the influence of substrate temperature Тs. Moreover, using the model by Wemple–DiDomenico it was calculated the dispersion energy Ео and Ed for this oxide. Two independent methods defined band gaps Zn2SnO4, which decreases from 4.21…4.22 eV down to 4.04…4.05 eV with increasing Тs from 250 °C up to 450 °C

Measurement of the muon flux from 400 GeV/c protons interacting in a thick molybdenum/tungsten target

The SHiP experiment is proposed to search for very weakly interacting particles beyond the Standard Model which are produced in a 400 GeV/c proton beam dump at the CERN SPS. About 1011muons per spill will be produced in the dump. To design the experiment such that the muon-induced background is minimized, a precise knowledge of the muon spectrum is required. To validate the muon flux generated by our Pythia and GEANT4 based Monte Carlo simulation (FairShip), we have measured the muon flux emanating from a SHiP-like target at the SPS. This target, consisting of 13 interaction lengths of slabs of molybdenum and tungsten, followed by a 2.4 m iron hadron absorber was placed in the H4 400 GeV/c proton beam line. To identify muons and to measure the momentum spectrum, a spectrometer instrumented with drift tubes and a muon tagger were used. During a 3-week period a dataset for analysis corresponding to (3.27 +/- 0.07)x1011protons on target was recorded. This amounts to approximatively 1% of a SHiP spill

The SHiP experiment at the proposed CERN SPS Beam Dump Facility

International audienceThe Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) Collaboration has proposed a general-purpose experimental facility operating in beam-dump mode at the CERN SPS accelerator to search for light, feebly interacting particles. In the baseline configuration, the SHiP experiment incorporates two complementary detectors. The upstream detector is designed for recoil signatures of light dark matter (LDM) scattering and for neutrino physics, in particular with tau neutrinos. It consists of a spectrometer magnet housing a layered detector system with high-density LDM/neutrino target plates, emulsion-film technology and electronic high-precision tracking. The total detector target mass amounts to about eight tonnes. The downstream detector system aims at measuring visible decays of feebly interacting particles to both fully reconstructed final states and to partially reconstructed final states with neutrinos, in a nearly background-free environment. The detector consists of a 50$\mathrm { \,m}$ long decay volume under vacuum followed by a spectrometer and particle identification system with a rectangular acceptance of 5 m in width and 10 m in height. Using the high-intensity beam of 400$\,\mathrm {GeV}$ protons, the experiment aims at profiting from the $4\times 10^{19}$ protons per year that are currently unexploited at the SPS, over a period of 5–10 years. This allows probing dark photons, dark scalars and pseudo-scalars, and heavy neutral leptons with GeV-scale masses in the direct searches at sensitivities that largely exceed those of existing and projected experiments. The sensitivity to light dark matter through scattering reaches well below the dark matter relic density limits in the range from a few ${\mathrm {\,MeV\!/}c^2}$ up to 100 MeV-scale masses, and it will be possible to study tau neutrino interactions with unprecedented statistics. This paper describes the SHiP experiment baseline setup and the detector systems, together with performance results from prototypes in test beams, as it was prepared for the 2020 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics. The expected detector performance from simulation is summarised at the end