Concept of Grip Assistive Braking on Four Wheelers

Braking systems in all the segments of vehicles seems to be one of the most crucial developing systems. Many research and developments are carried out in terms of braking of a vehicle in order to enhance the braking efficiency and reduction in stopping distance. This article depicts the concept of assistive braking on four wheelers where we elaborately describe the Braking distance, Thinking distance and Stopping distance after which our concept of braking is proposed with all the technical aspects along with the various components and its efficiency in our real time use. This research article mainly focuses on technical aspects that aim to reduce the reaction time and reflex actions of the driver which in turn is used as a factor to reduce the stopping distance of the vehicle. Various types of biological reactions by a human are observed and then a particular muscular reaction is chosen as a source of intimation for our braking system. When an object is spotted by the driver, the reflex action takes place via a receptor, sensory neurons, spinal cord and from where the muscular reaction takes place. A unique steering with an array of grip sensors is designed and incorporated also with various functions of the vehicle but for this instance, we mainly focus on braking assistance of the vehicle. Thus the unique steering wheel plays the role of connection between vehicle and the driver

The polycystic kidney disease 1 gene encodes a 14 kb transcript and lies within a duplicated region on chromosome 16

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common genetic disorder that frequently results in renal fallure due to progressive cyst development. The major locus, PKD1, maps to 16p13.3. We identified a chromosome translocation associated with ADPKD that disrupts a gene (PBP) encoding a 14 kb transcript in the PKD1 candidate region. Further mutations of the PBP gene were found in PKD1 patients, two deletions (one a de novo event) and a splicing defect, confirming that PBP is the PKD1 gene. This gene is located adjacent to the TSC2 locus in a genomic region that is reiterated more proximally on 16p. The duplicate area encodes three transcripts substantially homologous to the PKD1 transcript. Partial sequence analysis of the PKD1 transcript shows that it encodes a novel protein whose function is at present unknown

Improved process for the preparation of Everolimus

Abstract: Improved process for the preparation of Everolimus of formula-1, which is represented by the following structural formula

DIETARY PATTERN OF COLLEGE GOING ADOLESCENTS (17-19 YEARS) IN URBAN AREA OF BELAGAVI

Introduction: In India, poor eating habits are a major public health concern among college students who experience transition into university life, during which they are exposed to stress and lack of time. Objective: To assess the dietary pattern among college going adolescents. Methodology: Cross-sectional study conducted among 400 college going adolescents (17-19 years) residing in urban area of Belagavi. Diet (consumption pattern), frequency of meals, type of meal, vegetables and fruits consumption, daily water intake, consumption of fast food, etc. were assessed using pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Results: Mean calorie consumption among boys was 1472 ±417 Kcal and in girls was 1360 ± 380 Kcal. 45.5% of boys and 51.5% of girls were underweight. Majority had regular meals and breakfast (72% &, 80.8% respectively). 46.8% consumed fruits less than three times per week, 58% had fried food twice or more per week and 40.5% consumed less than 2 liters of water a day. Conclusions: Most of the students in this study had healthy eating habits except in their consumption of fruits, water intake and consumption of fried food. A study of this type will help to provide nutrition education on healthy food habits and life styles which will help college students bridge the gap between knowledge and practice of dietary pattern

Noninvasive genetic population survey of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) in Kangchenjunga conservation area, Shey Phoksundo National Park and surrounding buffer zones of Nepal

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The endangered snow leopard is found throughout major mountain ranges of Central Asia, including the remote Himalayas. However, because of their elusive behavior, sparse distribution, and poor access to their habitat, there is a lack of reliable information on their population status and demography, particularly in Nepal. Therefore, we utilized noninvasive genetic techniques to conduct a preliminary snow leopard survey in two protected areas of Nepal.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 71 putative snow leopard scats were collected and analyzed from two different areas; Shey Phoksundo National Park (SPNP) in the west and Kangchanjunga Conservation Area (KCA) in the east. Nineteen (27%) scats were genetically identified as snow leopards, and 10 (53%) of these were successfully genotyped at 6 microsatellite loci. Two samples showed identical genotype profiles indicating a total of 9 individual snow leopards. Four individual snow leopards were identified in SPNP (1 male and 3 females) and five (2 males and 3 females) in KCA.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We were able to confirm the occurrence of snow leopards in both study areas and determine the minimum number present. This information can be used to design more in-depth population surveys that will enable estimation of snow leopard population abundance at these sites.</p

abd-A Regulation by the iab-8 Noncoding RNA

The homeotic genes in Drosophila melanogaster are aligned on the chromosome in the order of the body segments that they affect. The genes affecting the more posterior segments repress the more anterior genes. This posterior dominance rule must be qualified in the case of abdominal-A (abd-A) repression by Abdominal-B (Abd-B). Animals lacking Abd-B show ectopic expression of abd-A in the epidermis of the eighth abdominal segment, but not in the central nervous system. Repression in these neuronal cells is accomplished by a 92 kb noncoding RNA. This “iab-8 RNA” produces a micro RNA to repress abd-A, but also has a second, redundant repression mechanism that acts only “in cis.” Transcriptional interference with the abd-A promoter is the most likely mechanism

Contemporary management of primary parapharyngeal space tumors

The parapharyngeal space is a complex anatomical area. Primary parapharyngeal tumors are rare tumors and 80% of them are benign. A variety of tumor types can develop in this location; most common are salivary gland neoplasm and neurogenic tumors. The management of these tumors has improved greatly owing to the developments in imaging techniques, surgery, and radiotherapy. Most tumors can be removed with a low rate of complications and recurrence. The transcervical approach is the most frequently used. In some cases, minimally invasive approaches may be used alone or in combination with a limited transcervical route, allowing large tumors to be removed by reducing morbidity of expanded approaches. An adequate knowledge of the anatomy and a careful surgical plan is essential to tailor management according to the patient and the tumor. The purpose of the present review was to update current aspects of knowledge related to this more challenging area of tumor occurrence.Peer reviewe

Pharmaceutical Standardization and Physicochemical Analysis of Arogyavardhini Vati

It is very crucial to know the physicochemical properties of drugs during the development of pharmaceutical products. Drugs are on compulsion to assess their compatibility of active substances, excipients and medicinal products with established standards by the pharmaceutical laws. Characterization of these active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) helps in improving the quality parameters of all raw materials used during the manufacturing process of pharmaceuticals and also in the final products. Maintaining quality standards of the drugs is the need of the hour in this era of increasing demand for indigenous medicines. Due to the absence of reference standards, standardisation of many of compound formulations is lagging behind. Ayurveda is one of the oldest medical science that has been serving the community since centuries. Arogyavardhini vati is one of the most important Ayurvedic formulation that is advised by the Ayurvedic scholars for liver disorders since centuries. Although, being administered by a vast community of Ayurvedic practitioners and from a very long period with multiple benefits, there were no many studies that are available on the physicochemical analysis and standardization of Arogyavardhini vati. Present study evaluated the physicochemical properties of Arogyavardhini vati and standardized. Arogyavardhini vati prepared by the Ayurvedic classical method complies with the standard parameters as mentioned in Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India. Present study observed that the analytical parameters and the pharmaceutical parameters for Arogyavardhini Vati were validated by HPTLC method and can be considered as the standard drug