62 research outputs found
Stable p-branes in Chern-Simons AdS supergravities
We construct static codimension-two branes in any odd dimension D, with
negative cosmological constant, and show that they are exact solutions of
Chern-Simons (super)gravity theory for (super)AdS coupled to external sources.
The stability of these solutions is analyzed by counting the number of
preserved supersymmetries. It is shown that static massive (D-3)-branes are
unstable unless some suitable gauge fields are added and the brane is extremal.
In particular, in three dimensions, a 0-brane is recognized as the negative
mass counterpart of the BTZ black hole. For these 0-branes, we write explicitly
electromagnetically charged BPS states with various number of preserved
supersymmetries within the OSp(p|2) x OSp(q|2) supergroups. In five dimensions,
we prove that stable 2-branes with electromagnetic charge always exist for the
generic supergroup SU(2,2|N), where N is different than 4. For the special case
N=4, in which the CS supergravity requires the addition of a nontrivial gauge
field configuration in order to preserve maximal number of degrees of freedom,
we show for two different static 2-branes that they are BPS states (one of
which is the ground state), and from the corresponding algebra of charges we
show that the energy is bounded from below. In higher dimensions, our results
admit a straightforward generalization, although there are presumably more
solutions corresponding to different intersections of the elementary objects.Comment: 43 pages, revtex4.cls; v2: slight amendments and references added to
match published versio
Donut and dynamic polarization effects in proton channeling through carbon nanotubes
We investigate the angular and spatial distributions of protons of the energy
of 0.223 MeV after channeling through an (11,~9) single-wall carbon nanotube of
the length of 0.2 m. The proton incident angle is varied between 0 and 10
mrad, being close to the critical angle for channeling. We show that, as the
proton incident angle increases and approaches the critical angle for
channeling, a ring-like structure is developed in the angular distribution -
donut effect. We demonstrate that it is the rainbow effect. When the proton
incident angle is between zero and a half of the critical angle for channeling,
the image force affects considerably the number and positions of the maxima of
the angular and spatial distributions. However, when the proton incident angle
is close to the critical angle for channeling, its influence on the angular and
spatial distributions is reduced strongly. We demonstrate that the increase of
the proton incident angle can lead to a significant rearrangement of the
propagating protons within the nanotube. This effect may be used to locate
atomic impurities in nanotubes as well as for creating nanosized proton beams
to be used in materials science, biology and medicine.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figure
Geometry and stability of spinning branes in AdS gravity
The geometry of spinning codimension-two branes in AdS spacetime is analyzed
in three and higher dimensions. The construction of non-extremal solutions is
based on identifications in the covering of AdS space by isometries that have
fixed points. The discussion focuses on the cases where the parameters of
spinning states can be related to the velocity of a boosted static
codimension-two brane. The resulting configuration describes a single spinning
brane, or a set of intersecting branes, each one produced by an independent
identification. The nature of the singularity is also examined, establishing
that the AdS curvature acquires one in the form of a Dirac delta distribution.
The stability of the branes is studied in the framework of Chern-Simons AdS
supergravity. A class of branes, characterized by one free parameter, are shown
to be stable when the BPS conditions are satisfied. In 3D, these stable branes
are extremal, while in higher dimensions, the BPS branes are not the extremal
ones.Comment: 40 pages, 6 figure
Dynamic polarization effects on the angular distributions of protons channeled through carbon nanotubes in dielectric media
The best level of ordering and straightening of carbon nanotube arrays is
often achieved when they are grown in a dielectric matrix, so such structures
present the most suitable candidates for future channeling experiments with
carbon nanotubes. Consequently, we investigate here how the dynamic
polarization of carbon valence electrons in the presence of various surrounding
dielectric media affects the angular distributions of protons channeled through
(11,~9) single-wall carbon nanotubes. Proton speeds between 3 and 10 a.u.,
corresponding to energies of 0.223 and 2.49 MeV, are chosen with the nanotube's
length varied between 0.1 and 1 m. We describe the repulsive interaction
between a proton and the nanotube's atoms in a continuum-potential
approximation based on the Doyle-Turner potential, whereas the attractive image
force on a proton is calculated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for
the dynamic response of the nanotube valence electrons, while assigning to the
surrounding medium an appropriate (frequency dependent) dielectric function.
The angular distributions of channeled protons are generated using a computer
simulation method which solves the proton equations of motion in the transverse
plane numerically. Our analysis shows that the presence of a dielectric medium
can strongly affect both the appearance and positions of maxima in the angular
distributions of channeled protons.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Membrane Paradigm and Horizon Thermodynamics in Lanczos-Lovelock gravity
We study the membrane paradigm for horizons in Lanczos-Lovelock models of
gravity in arbitrary D dimensions and find compact expressions for the pressure
p and viscosity coefficients \eta and \zeta of the membrane fluid. We show that
the membrane pressure is intimately connected with the Noether charge entropy
S_Wald of the horizon when we consider a specific m-th order Lanczos-Lovelock
model, through the relation pA/T=(D-2m)/(D-2)S_Wald, where T is the temperature
and A is the area of the horizon. Similarly, the viscosity coefficients are
expressible in terms of entropy and quasi-local energy associated with the
horizons. The bulk and shear viscosity coefficients are found to obey the
relation \zeta=-2(D-3)/(D-2)\eta.Comment: v1: 13 pages, no figure. (v2): refs added, typos corrected, new
subsection added on the ratio \eta/s. (v3): some clarification added, typos
corrected, to appear in JHE
Accelerating black hole in 2+1 dimensions and 3+1 black (st)ring
A C-metric type solution for general relativity with cosmological constant is
presented in 2+1 dimensions. It is interpreted as a three-dimensional black
hole accelerated by a strut. Positive values of the cosmological constant are
admissible too. Some embeddings of this metric in the 3+1 space-time are
considered: accelerating BTZ black string and a black ring where the
gravitational force is sustained by the acceleration.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, JHEP 1101:114,201
Invited Lecture INTERACTIONS OF IONS WITH CARBON NANO-STRUCTURES
Abstract. Investigation into the properties of carbon nano-structures, involving fullerene molecules, carbon nanotubes, and the most recently contrived graphene, has been growing at a relentless rate over the past decade or so owing to prospects of their applications in nanotechnology. While interactions with particle beams have been an important part of this research endeavor in the context of various spectroscopic techniques (TEM, EELS, ...), the use of energetic electron and ion beams has recently emerged as a novel engineering tool for modifications of atomic structure and electronic properties of carbon nano-structures In that context, the most widely studied themes in literature are concerned with changes in carbon nanotubes upon exposure to the ion-beam irradiation at energies ranging from several tens of eV to some MeV. On the other hand, the empty cylindrical space in individual carbon nanotubes, and a high degree of their ordering and alignment in structures called ropes or bundles, provide unique means for achieving the effect of ion channeling. Prospects of realization and a range of possible applications of ion channeling through carbon nanotubes at energies from keV to TeV have stimulated an active research area, which was recently reviewed After assessing some key experimental facts and the status of computer simulations of ion irradiation effects on carbon nanotubes, I shall discuss several problems arising in modeling of ion interactions with carbon nanotube
Sources for Chern-Simons theories
The coupling between Chern-Simons theories and matter sources defined by
branes of different dimensionalities is examined. It is shown that the standard
coupling to membranes, such as the one found in supergravity or in string
theory, does not operate in the same way for CS theories; the only p-branes
that naturally couple seem to be those with p=2n; these p-branes break the
gauge symmetry (and supersymmetry) in a controlled and sensible manner.Comment: 17 pages, Dedicated to Claudio Bunster on the occasion of his 60th
birthday. To appear in Quantum Mechanics of Fundamental Systems: The Quest
for Beauty and Simplicit
Holographic Superconductors with Power-Maxwell field
With the Sturm-Liouville analytical and numerical methods, we investigate the
behaviors of the holographic superconductors by introducing a complex charged
scalar field coupled with a Power-Maxwell field in the background of
-dimensional Schwarzschild AdS black hole. We note that the Power-Maxwell
field takes the special asymptotical solution near boundary which is different
from all known cases. We find that the larger power parameter for the
Power-Maxwell field makes it harder for the scalar hair to be condensated. We
also find that, for different , the critical exponent of the system is still
1/2, which seems to be an universal property for various nonlinear
electrodynamics if the scalar field takes the form of this paper.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure, and 2 table
String Theory on Warped AdS_3 and Virasoro Resonances
We investigate aspects of holographic duals to time-like warped AdS_3
space-times--which include G\"odel's universe--in string theory. Using
worldsheet techniques similar to those that have been applied to AdS_3
backgrounds, we are able to identify space-time symmetry algebras that act on
the dual boundary theory. In particular, we always find at least one Virasoro
algebra with computable central charge. Interestingly, there exists a dense set
of points in the moduli space of these models in which there is actually a
second commuting Virasoro algebra, typically with different central charge than
the first. We analyze the supersymmetry of the backgrounds, finding related
enhancements, and comment on possible interpretations of these results. We also
perform an asymptotic symmetry analysis at the level of supergravity, providing
additional support for the worldsheet analysis.Comment: 24 pages + appendice
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