Catalogación automática

Modele de classement centralisé où il suffit de réaliser une seule fois la description bibliographique des documents. Il est aussi possible de les récupérer automatiquement d'une manière illimitée el permettant une économie de temps et de moyens humains.A model of centralized cataloging in a which a single bibliographic description of the documents enables automatic and unlimited retrieval with an economy of time and human resources.Publicad

Voice recognition systems toward a universal language

An analysis of the major achievements of the last quarter of a century (means of transport and of communication, microelectronics, the conquest of Space, the globalisation of Society, computer networks, blocks of countries, the proliferation of International organisms and so on) would seem to suggest the need for a scientific study into the possibilities of a universal language. A real need exists, every day more pronounced and we consider that this is the right time for this investigation. As a part of this project a discussion of possible alternative solutions is proposed (the use of a multi-lingual approach, English, multilingual intercompression, an international auxiliary language, "manufactured" languages, automatic translation, natural language, among others). There is also a definition of the theoretical specifications which this language should meet, taking into account all the current needs and the sectors involved (voice recognition automatic translation, operative systems, programming languages, documentation, simple cross-cultural learning). The idea is based on a dual focus: person-to-person communication and person-to-machine communication. In order to achieve thi doubled to achieve this double objective we shall select a set of universal sounds and phonemes which are common and undcrstood by all people. The selection of this set of universal sounds and phonemes will be such that it will be easy to undertake a spectral discrimination. The phonetic, lexical and grammatical organisation of the language will be established according to distinct levels of difficulty. Design and development will be based on the Internet as a platform for investigation, cooperation and the consensus of hundreds of experts and a strategy is proposed for learning and spreading the language

La normalización de la preservación digital permanente: análisis del modelo de referencia OAIS

El Modelo de Referencia OAIS (Open Archival Information System) es la principal referencia en materia de normalización de la preservación digital permanente. Su nombre está muy difundido, pero su conocimiento no tanto. El objeto de este artículo es analizarlo y descubrir al lector su sistemática, tratando de arrojar algo de luz en un texto de difícil lectura e interpretación.The OAIS Reference Model (Open Archival Information System) is the main reference for the ongoing standardization of digital preservation. His name is widespread, but not so much knowledge. The purpose of this article is to analyze and discover to the reader its systematic, trying to shed some light on a text difficult to read and interpret

Asignatura de centro biosanitario: Implicaciones del género en la salud

Memoria ID12-0105. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2012-2013

Diverse Large HIV-1 Non-subtype B Clusters Are Spreading Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Spain

In Western Europe, the HIV-1 epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) is dominated by subtype B. However, recently, other genetic forms have been reported to circulate in this population, as evidenced by their grouping in clusters predominantly comprising European individuals. Here we describe four large HIV-1 non-subtype B clusters spreading among MSM in Spain. Samples were collected in 9 regions. A pol fragment was amplified from plasma RNA or blood-extracted DNA. Phylogenetic analyses were performed via maximum likelihood, including database sequences of the same genetic forms as the identified clusters. Times and locations of the most recent common ancestors (MRCA) of clusters were estimated with a Bayesian method. Five large non-subtype B clusters associated with MSM were identified. The largest one, of F1 subtype, was reported previously. The other four were of CRF02_AG (CRF02_1; n = 115) and subtypes A1 (A1_1; n = 66), F1 (F1_3; n = 36), and C (C_7; n = 17). Most individuals belonging to them had been diagnosed of HIV-1 infection in the last 10 years. Each cluster comprised viruses from 3 to 8 Spanish regions and also comprised or was related to viruses from other countries: CRF02_1 comprised a Japanese subcluster and viruses from 8 other countries from Western Europe, Asia, and South America; A1_1 comprised viruses from Portugal, United Kingom, and United States, and was related to the A1 strain circulating in Greece, Albania and Cyprus; F1_3 was related to viruses from Romania; and C_7 comprised viruses from Portugal and was related to a virus from Mozambique. A subcluster within CRF02_1 was associated with heterosexual transmission. Near full-length genomes of each cluster were of uniform genetic form. Times of MRCAs of CRF02_1, A1_1, F1_3, and C_7 were estimated around 1986, 1989, 2013, and 1983, respectively. MRCA locations for CRF02_1 and A1_1 were uncertain (however initial expansions in Spain in Madrid and Vigo, respectively, were estimated) and were most probable in Bilbao, Spain, for F1_3 and Portugal for C_7. These results show that the HIV-1 epidemic among MSM in Spain is becoming increasingly diverse through the expansion of diverse non-subtype B clusters, comprising or related to viruses circulating in other countries

Formación y reto de los profesionales de la información ante la sociedad.

Sin resume

Servicios de voz para la gestión de la información

Voice facilities are one of the most innovative means of access to information systems, based on computer processing of it, in order to achieve systems of speech recognition and synthesis. This article analyses it in its physiological, physical and linguistic aspects as well as computer processing. It finishes with a collection of application examples.Los servicios de voz constituyen uno de los medios más novedosos de acceso a los sistemas de información, basados en el tratamiento informático de la misma para conseguir sistemas de reconocimiento y síntesis de voz. El presente artículo la analiza en sus diversos aspectos -fisiológico, físico y lingüístico-, su tratamiento informático y concluye con un muestrario de aplicaciones