Análisis Conceptual de Modelos de Competencia Digital del Profesorado Universitario

La competencia digital o competencia TIC es un concepto que en el último lustro ha marcado una línea de investigación de gran relevancia en el ámbito de la Tecnología Educativa, tanto referido al profesorado como a otros agentes educativos o sociales. La perspectiva desde la cual abordamos el estudio de la competencia digital del profesorado parte de la idea de que esta competencia forma parte de la competencia profesional de los docentes de cualquier nivel de enseñanza. En este artículo realizamos una investigación basada en una revisión documental articulada en dos fases: 1) análisis conceptual de las aportaciones más relevantes del último lustro en torno a la competencia digital; y 2) a partir de este análisis, realizamos en una segunda fase un estudio descriptivo y comparativo de los diversos modelos de competencia digital del profesorado universitario. Este análisis pone de manifiesto que todos los modelos analizados muestran dimensiones y elementos comunes, pero también algunas particularidades que resultan de interés a la hora de abordar futuras investigaciones sobre el tema. Además nos servirá como punto de partida para una investigación en torno a la certificación de competencias TIC del profesorado universitario que actualmente estamos desarrollando desde el Grupo de Investigación de Tecnología Educativa de la Universidad de Murcia

Post-stroke Neurogenesis: Friend or Foe?

The substantial clinical burden and disability after stroke injury urges the need to explore therapeutic solutions. Recent compelling evidence supports that neurogenesis persists in the adult mammalian brain and is amenable to regulation in both physiological and pathological situations. Its ability to generate new neurons implies a potential to contribute to recovery after brain injury. However, post-stroke neurogenic response may have different functional consequences. On the one hand, the capacity of newborn neurons to replenish the damaged tissue may be limited. In addition, aberrant forms of neurogenesis have been identified in several insult settings. All these data suggest that adult neurogenesis is at a crossroads between the physiological and the pathological regulation of the neurological function in the injured central nervous system (CNS). Given the complexity of the CNS together with its interaction with the periphery, we ultimately lack in-depth understanding of the key cell types, cell-cell interactions, and molecular pathways involved in the neurogenic response after brain damage and their positive or otherwise deleterious impact. Here we will review the evidence on the stroke-induced neurogenic response and on its potential repercussions on functional outcome. First, we will briefly describe subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenesis after stroke beside the main evidence supporting its positive role on functional restoration after stroke. Then, we will focus on hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ) neurogenesis due to the relevance of hippocampus in cognitive functions; we will outline compelling evidence that supports that, after stroke, SGZ neurogenesis may adopt a maladaptive plasticity response further contributing to the development of post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia. Finally, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of specific steps in the neurogenic cascade that might ameliorate brain malfunctioning and the development of post-stroke cognitive impairment in the chronic phase.This work was supported by the grants from Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, PID2019-106581RB-I00 (MM); Leducq Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, TNE-19CVD01 (MM); Fundación La Caixa, HR17_00527 (MM); Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund “A Way to Achieve Europe,” PI20/00535 and RETICS RD16/0019/0009 (IL); by contracts FJC-039343-I (AG-C) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation; and FPU01405265 (VM) and FPU19/02989 (EF) from the Spanish Ministry of Universities. The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN), and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S

A Neutrophil Timer Coordinates Immune Defense and Vascular Protection

Neutrophils eliminate pathogens efficiently but can inflict severe damage to the host if they over-activate within blood vessels. It is unclear how immunity solves the dilemma of mounting an efficient anti-microbial defense while preserving vascular health. Here, we identify a neutrophil-intrinsic program that enabled both. The gene Bmal1 regulated expression of the chemokine CXCL2 to induce chemokine receptor CXCR2-dependent diurnal changes in the transcriptional and migratory properties of circulating neutrophils. These diurnal alterations, referred to as neutrophil aging, were antagonized by CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4) and regulated the outer topology of neutrophils to favor homeostatic egress from blood vessels at night, resulting in boosted anti-microbial activity in tissues. Mice engineered for constitutive neutrophil aging became resistant to infection, but the persistence of intravascular aged neutrophils predisposed them to thrombo-inflammation and death. Thus, diurnal compartmentalization of neutrophils, driven by an internal timer, coordinates immune defense and vascular protection.We thank all members of the Hidalgo Lab for discussion and insightful comments; J.M. Ligos, R. Nieto, and M. Viton for help with sorting and cytometric analyses; I. Ortega and E. Santos for animal husbandry; D. Rico, M.J. Gomez, C. Torroja, and F. Sanchez-Cabo for insightful comments and help with transcriptomic analyses; V. Labrador, E. Arza, A.M. Santos, and the Microscopy Unit of the CNIC for help with microscopy; S. Aznar-Benitah, U. Albrecht, Q.-J. Meng, B. Staels, and H. Duez for the generous gift of mice; J.A. Enriquez and J. Avila for scientific insights; and J.M. Garcia and A. Diez de la Cortina for art. This study was supported by Intramural grants from A* STAR to L.G.N., BES-2013-065550 to J.M.A., BES-2010-032828 to M.C.-A, and JCI-2012-14147 to L.A.W (all from Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad; MEIC). Additional MEIC grants were SAF2014-61993-EXP to C.L.-R.; SAF2015-68632-R to M.A.M. and SAF-2013-42920R and SAF2016-79040Rto D.S. D.S. also received 635122-PROCROP H2020 from the European Commission and ERC CoG 725091 from the European Research Council (ERC). ERC AdG 692511 PROVASC from the ERC and SFB1123-A1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft were given to C.W.; MHA VD1.2/81Z1600212 from the German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) was given to C.W. and O.S.; SFB1123-A6 was given to O.S.; SFB914-B08 was given to O.S. and C.W.; and INST 211/604-2, ZA 428/12-1, and ZA 428/13-1 were given to A.Z. This study was also supported by PI12/00494 from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) to C.M.; PI13/01979, Cardiovascular Network grant RD 12/0042/0054, and CIBERCV to B.I.; SAF2015-65607-R, SAF2013-49662-EXP, and PCIN-2014-103 from MEIC; and co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) to A.H. The CNIC is supported by the MEIC and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MEIC award SEV-2015-0505).S

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Centre enològic, hotel + spa

[ES] El centro enológico, hotel y spa situado en La Portera, Requena, es un proyecto cuyo objetivo principal es resolver la inconexión de la bodega preexistente con la trama urbana. Siguiendo el eje que conecta la bodega con la población, arañamos el terreno, como si lo arásemos, para unirnos a la preexistencia. Como resultado, surgen surcos, bandas, de la que emergen volúmenes pétreos, como si de gasones al arar se tratara. Estos volúmenes, linealmente dispuestos y articulados por la preexistencia, aprovechan el desnivel de la parcela para de forma escalonada, unir la montaña con el viñedo. En los volúmenes, aparecen fisuras controladas, para conseguir relación visual con los viñedos. La viña no termina en el límite actual, si no que se adentra como parte del proyecto, los volúmenes continúan para unirse al pueblo a través de los viñedos.[CA] El centre enològic, hotel i spa situat en La Portera, Requena, és un projecte l'objectiu principal del qual és resoldre la inconnexió del celler preexistent amb la trama urbana. Seguint l'eix que connecta el celler amb la població, arrapem el terreny, com si ho llauràrem, per a unir-nos a la preexistència. Com resultat, sorgixen solcs, bandes, de la que emergixen volums petris, com si de gasones al llaurar es tractara. Estos volums, linealment disposats i articulats per la preexistència, aprofiten el desnivell de la parcel·la para de forma escalonada, unir la muntanya amb la vinya. En els volums, apareixen fissures controlades, per a aconseguir relació visual amb les vinyes. La vinya no acaba en el límit actual, si no que s'endinsa com a part del projecte, els volums continuen per a unir-se al poble a través de les vinyes.[EN] The oenological centre, hotel and spa located in La Portera, Requena, is a project whose main objective is to solve the disconnection of the pre-existing winery with the urban fabric. Following the axis that connects the winery with the town, we scratched the ground, as if we were plowing it, to join the pre-existence. As a result, furrows emerge, bands, from which stone volumes emerge, as if we were plowing. These volumes, linearly arranged and articulated by the pre-existence, take advantage of the unevenness of the plot to join the mountain with the vineyard in a staggered way. Controlled fissures appear in the volumes to achieve a visual relationship with the vineyards. The vineyard does not end at the current boundary, but goes inside as part of the project, the volumes continue to join the village through the vineyards.Serna Cuartero, MI. (2022). Centro enológico, hotel y spa. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/19098

Abolition of aberrant neurogenesis ameliorates cognitive impairment after stroke in mice

Poststroke cognitive impairment is considered one of the main complications during the chronic phase of ischemic stroke. In the adult brain, the hippocampus regulates both encoding and retrieval of new information through adult neurogenesis. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive models and studies based on the forgetting processes hinders the understanding of memory alterations after stroke. Our aim was to explore whether poststroke neurogenesis participates in the development of long-term memory impairment. Here, we show a hippocampal neurogenesis burst that persisted 1 month after stroke and that correlated with an impaired contextual and spatial memory performance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis after stroke by physical activity or memantine treatment weakened existing memories. More importantly, stroke-induced newborn neurons promoted an aberrant hippocampal circuitry remodeling with differential features at ipsi- and contralesional levels. Strikingly, inhibition of stroke-induced hippocampal neurogenesis by temozolomide treatment or using a genetic approach (Nestin-CreERT2/NSE-DTA mice) impeded the forgetting of old memories. These results suggest that hippocampal neurogenesis modulation could be considered as a potential approach for treatment of poststroke cognitive impairment.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) (SAF2015-68632-R to MAM), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (FIS PI17/01601 to IL), and ISCIII cofinanced by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) “Una manera de hacer Europa” RETICS (RD12/0014/0003 to IL), and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (FDN143227to PWF

Inclusive classroom: university and integration of people with intellectual disabilities in training on legal documentation

El proyecto tiene como finalidad la inclusión de las personas con Discapacidad Intelectual (DI) en la Universidad, estableciendo un intercambio en el aula y en el conjunto de las actividades con el alumnado universitario y preuniversitario.The project aims at the inclusion of people with Intellectual Disabilities (DI) in the University, establishing an exchange in the classroom and in all activities with university and pre-university students.Depto. de Derecho AdministrativoFac. de DerechoFALSEsubmitte

Clinical and genetic characteristics of a large international cohort of individuals with rare NR5A1/SF-1 variants of sex developmentResearch in context

Summary: Background: Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1/NR5A1) is essential for human sex development. Heterozygous NR5A1/SF-1 variants manifest with a broad range of phenotypes of differences of sex development (DSD), which remain unexplained. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis on the so far largest international cohort of individuals with NR5A1/SF-1 variants, identified through the I-DSD registry and a research network. Findings: Among 197 individuals with NR5A1/SF-1 variants, we confirmed diverse phenotypes. Over 70% of 46, XY individuals had a severe DSD phenotype, while 90% of 46, XX individuals had female-typical sex development. Close to 100 different novel and known NR5A1/SF-1 variants were identified, without specific hot spots. Additionally, likely disease-associated variants in other genes were reported in 32 individuals out of 128 tested (25%), particularly in those with severe or opposite sex DSD phenotypes. Interestingly, 48% of these variants were found in known DSD or SF-1 interacting genes, but no frequent gene-clusters were identified. Sex registration at birth varied, with <10% undergoing reassignment. Gonadectomy was performed in 30% and genital surgery in 58%. Associated organ anomalies were observed in 27% of individuals with a DSD, mainly concerning the spleen. Intrafamilial phenotypes also varied considerably. Interpretation: The observed phenotypic variability in individuals and families with NR5A1/SF-1 variants is large and remains unpredictable. It may often not be solely explained by the monogenic pathogenicity of the NR5A1/SF-1 variants but is likely influenced by additional genetic variants and as-yet-unknown factors. Funding: Swiss National Science Foundation (320030-197725) and Boveri Foundation Zürich, Switzerland