MODELO EXPLICATIVO DEL BIENESTAR SUBJETIVO EN LAS ZONAS METROPOLITANAS DE MEXICO, 2013-2016

Este trabajo analiza el bienestar subjetivo de las zonas metropolitanas de México para el periodo 2013-2016 mediante la base de datos del INEGI correspondiente al módulo básico del bienestar autorreportado (BIARE). La metodología de este modulo fue desarrollada por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) en Guideliness on Measuring Subjective Well-Being. Con base a las bases de datos de 1013 y 2016 del BIARE se construyó un modelo de bienestar subjetivo a partir de los cuatro ejes o categorías (satisfacción con la vida, sentido de plenitud, balance afectivo y dominios de satisfacción) que constituyen el BIARE con apoyo del análisis factorial y regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. Se construyeron dos ecuaciones que incluyen como variables dependientes el sentido de plenitud y satisfacción con vida. Los resultados fueron consistentes en 2013 y 2016 e indican la ecuación de sentido de plenitud es que mejor representa al bienestar subjetivo con una R2 y R2 corregida superiores a 0.50. Asimismo, se determinó que las categorías balance afectivo y dominios de satisfacción se pueden separar en dos componentes de acuerdo a las respuestas captadas en zonas metropolitanas de México

Eliminación del control judicial en la aplicación de criterios de oportunidad en la legislación procesal penal del estado de México

La presente investigación, partiendo de un punto de análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo, tiene por objeto determinar la factibilidad de eliminar el control judicial que puede ejercerse sobre la aplicación del criterio de oportunidad en el sistema de justicia penal a en el Estado de México. Lo anterior dado que el día veinticinco del mes de junio de dos mil ocho el Congreso Local aprobó el nuevo Código de Procedimientos Penales para el Estado de México, basándose en la reforma constitucional que estableció que el sistema de justicia en esa materia será acusatorio y oral, incluyendo respecto del ejercicio de la acción penal por parte del Ministerio Público la posibilidad de que considere para ello criterios de oportunidad en los supuestos y condiciones que fije la ley, esto en términos del párrafo séptimo del artículo 21 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y el Capítulo II del Título Tercero de la legislación local mencionada

A New Methodology for Building-Up a Robust Model for Heliostat Field Flux Characterization

The heliostat field of solar central receiver systems (SCRS) is formed by hundreds, even thousands, of working heliostats. Their adequate configuration and control define a currently active research line. For instance, automatic aiming methodologies of existing heliostat fields are being widely studied. In general, control techniques require a model of the system to be controlled in order to obtain an estimation of its states. However, this kind of information may not be available or may be hard to obtain for every plant to be studied. In this work, an innovative methodology for data-based analytical heliostat field characterization is proposed and described. It formalizes the way in which the behavior of a whole field can be derived from the study of its more descriptive parts. By successfully applying this procedure, the instantaneous behavior of a field could be expressed by a reduced set of expressions that can be seen as a field descriptor. It is not intended to replace real experimentation but to enhance researchers’ autonomy to build their own reliable and portable synthetic datasets at preliminary stages of their work. The methodology proposed in this paper is successfully applied to a virtual field. Only 30 heliostats out of 541 were studied to characterize the whole field. For the validation set, the average difference in power between the flux maps directly fitted from the measured information and the estimated ones is only of 0.67% (just 0.10946 kW/m2 of root-mean-square error, on average, between them). According to these results, a consistent field descriptor can be built by applying the proposed methodology, which is hence ready for use

Coping and depressive symptoms in family carers of dependent adults aged 18 and over: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Being a family carer is associated with increased risk of experiencing depressive symptoms. Despite many decades of research investigating the association between coping strategies and depressive symptoms in carers results across studies remain contradictory. The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence on the association between depressive symptoms and coping strategies in carers of dependent people aged 18 and over and investigate potential sources of heterogeneity of findings. The study design was a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched Pubmed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and LILACS up to April 2021. We performed meta-analyses following the PRISMA statement and several subgroup analyses to investigate whether cause of caring dependency, study design, and controlling for several biases influenced results. Fifty-nine studies met our inclusion criteria. We found a robust and statistically significant association between greater use of dysfunctional coping and higher depressive symptoms. Greater use of emotion-focused coping was associated with fewer depressive symptoms only in studies controlling for confounding bias. Use of problem-focused coping was related to fewer depressive symptoms in carers of frail older people. The combined use of both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping was associated with lower symptoms of depression. Our review concludes that the broad domain of dysfunctional coping is consistently associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms in carers. After controlling for confounders, emotion-focused coping and several of its individual strategies were consistently associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Whilst problem-focused coping and some of its individual strategies are also associated with lower depressive symptoms, these strategies may not be as helpful in all caregiving groups.Clinical Impact Statement: fcBoth broad dimensions of coping and individual coping strategies are important correlates of depressive symptoms in family carers, and should be utilized in informing and improving the effectiveness of future caregiving interventions

Retrato(s) de Manuel Pérez Ledesma

Para este número hemos decidido dar un enfoque diferente a la sección “Investigador invitado”. El pasado 15 de abril falleció Manuel Pérez Ledesma, catedrático del Departamento de Historia Contemporánea de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Durante su trayectoria dejó una profunda huella en la comunidad historiográfica. Además, Pérez Ledesma fue profesor de varios miembros del equipo de la revista y, como tal, ejerció un activo papel en nuestra formación como historiadores. De hecho, nos consta que mientras su salud se lo permitió se interesó por el desarrollo de esta publicación. Por todos estos motivos nos gustaría rendirle nuestro particular homenaje. Para ello, vamos a dar voz a cuatro investigadores que, de un modo u otro, tuvieron alguna relación con el profesor Pérez Ledesma. Serán ellos, a partir de sus testimonios, quienes nos inviten a acercarnos a su figura y hagan un cuidadoso retrato de su person

Experimental design and analysis of a gyroelastic beam

Division of Higher Technical Education of MexicoPublished versio

Toward the Value Sensitive Design of eHealth Technologies to Support Self-management of Cardiovascular Diseases:Content Analysis

BACKGROUND: eHealth can revolutionize the way self-management support is offered to chronically ill individuals such as those with a cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, patients’ fluctuating motivation to actually perform self-management is an important factor for which to account. Tailoring and personalizing eHealth to fit with the values of individuals promises to be an effective motivational strategy. Nevertheless, how specific eHealth technologies and design features could potentially contribute to values of individuals with a CVD has not been explicitly studied before. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to connect a set of empirically validated, health-related values of individuals with a CVD with existing eHealth technologies and their design features. The study searched for potential connections between design features and values with the goal to advance knowledge about how eHealth technologies can actually be more meaningful and motivating for end users. METHODS: Undertaking a technical investigation that fits with the value sensitive design framework, a content analysis of existing eHealth technologies was conducted. We matched 11 empirically validated values of CVD patients with 70 design features from 10 eHealth technologies that were previously identified in a systematic review. The analysis consisted mainly of a deductive coding stage performed independently by 3 members of the study team. In addition, researchers and developers of 6 of the 10 reviewed technologies provided input about potential feature-value connections. RESULTS: In total, 98 connections were made between eHealth design features and patient values. This meant that some design features could contribute to multiple values. Importantly, some values were more often addressed than others. CVD patients’ values most often addressed were related to (1) having or maintaining a healthy lifestyle, (2) having an overview of personal health data, (3) having reliable information and advice, (4) having extrinsic motivators to accomplish goals or health-related activities, and (5) receiving personalized care. In contrast, values less often addressed concerned (6) perceiving low thresholds to access health care, (7) receiving social support, (8) preserving a sense of autonomy over life, and (9) not feeling fear, anxiety, or insecurity about health. Last, 2 largely unaddressed values were related to (10) having confidence and self-efficacy in the treatment or ability to achieve goals and (11) desiring to be seen as a person rather than a patient. CONCLUSIONS: Positively, existing eHealth technologies could be connected with CVD patients’ values, largely through design features that relate to educational support, self-monitoring support, behavior change support, feedback, and motivational incentives. Other design features such as reminders, prompts or cues, peer-based or expert-based human support, and general system personalization were also connected with values but in narrower ways. In future studies, the inferred feature-value connections must be validated with empirical data from individuals with a CVD or similar chronic conditions

Respuesta del chile Huacle (Capsicum annuum L.) al estrés hídrico bajo invernadero

Restricted water and high temperatures are limiting factors that affect plant development. In this study, the effect of water stress on black Huacle chile was evaluated at three levels of soil moisture stress (10 to 20, 21 to 30 and 31 to 40 kPa) in planting beds, with and without mulch of 0.9 m wide and 6.0 m long. A bifactorial design was used with four repetitions made up of 18 plants each. 27 variables in plant and fruit were evaluated. The greater availability of moisture in the soil with mulch increased flower buds by 85%, flowers by 89% and fruits by 61%, compared to the treatment with greater water stress without mulch; likewise, it presented the highest dry fruit yield (122.9 g), sweeter fruit (20.4%), net assimilation rate (0.11 g cm2 d-1), absolute growth rate (2.72 g d-1) and relative growth rate (0.13 g g-1 d-1). Lower moisture stress in the soil produced higher plant height (65.3 cm) and stem diameter (11 mm). Finally, greater moisture tension in the mulched soil caused 30% senescence.La restricción del agua y altas temperaturas son factores limitantes que afectan el desarrollo de las plantas. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto del estrés hídrico en chile Huacle negro con tres intervalos de tensión de humedad en el suelo (10 a 20, 21 a 30 y 31 a 40 kPa) en camas de siembra con y sin acolchado de 0.9 m de ancho y 6.0 m de largo. Se utilizó un diseño bifactorial con cuatro repeticiones conformadas con 18 plantas cada una. Se evaluaron 27 variables en planta y fruto. La mayor disponibilidad de humedad en el suelo con acolchado aumentó 85% los botones florales, 89% las flores y 61% los frutos respecto al tratamiento con ma­yor estrés hídrico sin acolchado; además, presentó el mayor rendimiento de fruto seco (122.9 g), frutos más dulces (20.4%), tasa de asimilación neta (0.11 g cm2 d-1), tasa de crecimiento absoluto (2.72 g d-1) y tasa de crecimiento relativo (0.13 g g-1 d-1). La menor tensión de humedad en el suelo produjo mayor altura de planta (65.3 cm) y diámetro del tallo (11 mm). Por último, la mayor tensión de humedad en el suelo con acolchado ocasionó 30% de senescencia

Determination of production functions and efficiency analysis of wintering in La Pampa, Argentina

Using different methodologies the wintering in farms in Northeast of La Pampa (Department of Quemú-Quemú) are classified according to technical efficiency level. Firstly, is modelled using lineal and non lineal Cobb-Douglas functions. Once the model is concreted, it is determined the deterministic frontier of Greene (1980b) and the respective technical efficiency index of Timmer (1971), which permits to classify farms. Finally the used methodologies are compared in order to evaluate the sensibility of the efficiency models for the used model.Se clasifican las explotaciones de invernada del nordeste de la Pampa (Departamento de Quemú-Quemú) según su nivel de eficiencia técnica mediante la utilización de diferentes metodologías. En primer lugar se modeliza mediante modelos tipo Cobb-Douglas linealizados y no lineales. Una vez concretado el modelo se determina la frontera determinística de Greene (1980b) y el correspondiente índice de eficiencia técnica de Timmer (1971), que permite clasificar las explotaciones. Finalmente se comparan las metodologías utilizadas a fin de evaluar la sensibilidad de los indicadores de eficiencia al modelo utilizado