Poloidal impurity asymmetry studies using the upgraded high field side edge CXRS diagnostic at ASDEX Upgrade

EUROfusion Consortium 63305

Carcass and meat quality in light lambs in the segureña breed

Meat and carcass quality were studied in 124 Segureña breed lambs, 62 males and 62 females, slaughtered at the market weight, of 19-25 kg. Carcasses, with a yield between 48 percent (CCW/SW) and 55 percent (HCW/EW), were qualified for the most part in the 2 class of conformation as a fairly fatty, of 2/3 covered kidney and pink color muscle. There were differences among sexes for the fatness scores. The pelvic limb represents the 33.6 percent of the carcass, the shoulder 19.5 percent, the ribs+loin 17.7 percent, the breast 11.1 percent, the neck 7.3 percent, and the anterior ribs 6.7 percent; for commercial categories 58.1 percent pertained to the first category, 19.5 percent to the second and 19.8 percent to the third. Carcass were formed by 19.9 percent of fat, 52.7 percent muscle and 19.2 percent bone; these values show an ideal degree of fatness, in the local market. The sex had a significant effect on the percentage of fat and bone of the carcass. The average pH values, 6.6 and 6.5, following the preparation of the carcass for m. longissimus dorsi and m. triceps, decreased to 5.8 and 5.9, respectively, at 24 hours post mortem. These muscles presented a water holding capacity of 16.4 and 9.9 percent, and a tenderness of 3866 and 3945 g/cm2. The haem pigments and the color of m. longissimus dorsi and m. rectus abdominis confirm the results of its subjective evaluation.Se estudiaron características de calidad de la canal y de la carne en 124 corderos, 62 machos y 62 hembras, de raza Segureña sacrificados a peso de mercado, 19-25 kg. Las canales, con rendimientos entre el 48 p.100 (PCF/PVS) y el 55 p.100 (PCC/PVV), son de conformación normal (nota 2), medianamente grasas, de riñón cubierto 2/3 y músculo de color rosa; registrándose diferencias entre sexos para las calificaciones de engrasamiento. Al despiece, la pierna representó el 33,6 p.100 de la canal, la espalda el 19,5 p.100, el costillar el 17,7 p.100, los bajos el 11,1 p.100, el cuello el 7,3 p.100 y el badal el 6,7 p.100; lo que por categorías comerciales supone el 58,1 p.100 para las de 1ª, el 19,5 p.100 y 19,8 p.100 para las de 2ª y 3ª, respectivamente. La canal contenía 19,9 p.100 de grasa, 52,7 p.100 de músculo y 19,2 p.100 de hueso lo que muestra su buen grado de acabado. El sexo afectó significativamente al porcentaje de grasa y hueso de la canal. Los valores iniciales de pH, 6,6 y 6,3 para m. longissimus dorsi y m. triceps brachii, descienden a 5,8 y 5,9 a las 24 horas post mortem, respectivamente. La capacidad de retención de agua de estos músculos fue de 16,4 y 9,9 p.100 y su dureza media 3866 y 3945 g/cm2. El pigmento hemínico y el color de m. longissimus dorsi y m. rectus abdominis confirman la valoración subjetiva del color de la carne

Looking the void in the eyes - the kSZ effect in LTB models

As an alternative explanation of the dimming of distant supernovae it has recently been advocated that we live in a special place in the Universe near the centre of a large void described by a Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric. The Universe is no longer homogeneous and isotropic and the apparent late time acceleration is actually a consequence of spatial gradients in the metric. If we did not live close to the centre of the void, we would have observed a Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) dipole much larger than that allowed by observations. Hence, until now it has been argued, for the model to be consistent with observations, that by coincidence we happen to live very close to the centre of the void or we are moving towards it. However, even if we are at the centre of the void, we can observe distant galaxy clusters, which are off-centre. In their frame of reference there should be a large CMB dipole, which manifests itself observationally for us as a kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect. kSZ observations give far stronger constraints on the LTB model compared to other observational probes such as Type Ia Supernovae, the CMB, and baryon acoustic oscillations. We show that current observations of only 9 clusters with large error bars already rule out LTB models with void sizes greater than approximately 1.5 Gpc and a significant underdensity, and that near future kSZ surveys like the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, South Pole Telescope, APEX telescope, or the Planck satellite will be able to strongly rule out or confirm LTB models with giga parsec sized voids. On the other hand, if the LTB model is confirmed by observations, a kSZ survey gives a unique possibility of directly reconstructing the expansion rate and underdensity profile of the void.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, submitted to JCA

Age and Training-Related Changes on Body Composition and Fitness in Male Amateur Cyclists

Master athletes are considered as a model of healthy aging because they can limit the age-related decline of physiological abilities compared to sedentary individuals. The main objective of this study is to analyze age-related changes and annual training on body composition (BC) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) parameters. The participants in this retrospective cross-sectional study were 176 male cyclists, aged 40–60 years. BC was evaluated through anthropometric measurements and CRF was determined by an incremental cycle ergometer test to exhaustion. A comparative study between age groups was carried out through a one-way ANOVA test and the associations between the variables were assessed by Spearman’s correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis to estimate the performance. Training was generally associated with a decrease in both body weight and body fat (p 0.05). In the performance prediction model, the included variables explained 52% of the variance. In summary, the changes induced by age were minimal in BC and negligible in CRF, whereas HR decreased with age. Training load was generally associated with a decrease in body weight, BMI and body fat percentage that was particularly notable in the abdominal skin folds. A decrease in HRrest was observed as a vagal effect due to kilometers cycled per year, and age did not seem to have a significant effect. The annual cycling kilometers were associated with to high PPO that is greater in the M40 group and a non-significant upward trend in VO2max

Estudio mediante cromatografía en capa fina de la esencia de Thymus Longiflorus Boiss

Basándonos en la técnica de Cromatografía en Capa Fina, se ha conseguido la detección y posterior identificación de varios de los componentes de la esencia de Thymus Longiflorus Boiss. Asimismo se ha llevado a cabo la cuantificación de aquellos componentes que se presentaban en mayor proporción.Fine Layer Chromatrography was used to achieve the separation and subsequent identification of a series of components of the essential oil of Thymus Longiflorus Boiss. Those components obtained in largest amounts were al so quantified by photodensitometry

Estudio mediante cromatografía en capa fina de la esencia de Thymus Longiflorus Boiss

Fine Layer Chromatrography was used to achieve the separation and subsequent identification of a series of components of the essential oil of Thymus Longiflorus Boiss. Those components obtained in largest amounts were al so quantified by photodensitometry.Basándonos en la técnica de Cromatografía en Capa Fina, se ha conseguido la detección y posterior identificación de varios de los componentes de la esencia de Thymus Longiflorus Boiss. Asimismo se ha llevado a cabo la cuantificación de aquellos componentes que se presentaban en mayor proporción

Determination of the background neutral density from passive Balmer alpha CX emission at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

EUROfusion Consortium 63305

In-out charge exchange measurements and 3D modelling of diagnostic thermal neutrals to study edge poloidal impurity asymmetries

A new method was developed to model the neutral population produced by the gas puff based charge exchange recombination spectroscopy systems at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG). With this method, the edge impurity density on the high field side (HFS) and low field side (LFS) can be obtained without the need to apply a neutral beam injection system. The neutral penetration needed for the calculation of the impurity density is obtained with a new gas puff module implemented in the FIDASIM code. The LFS impurity density profile evaluated with the new gas puff module matches the impurity density calculated with standard beam-based charge exchange diagnostics. Impurity temperature, rotation and density profiles at the HFS and LFS of an AUG H-mode discharge are presented. Edge impurity toroidal and poloidal flows show asymmetric structures. The impurity density asymmetries obtained with the new gas puff module are consistent with the observed flow structure

Spectral characterization of laser-accelerated protons with CR-39 nuclear track detector

CR-39 nuclear track material is frequently used for the detection of protons accelerated in laser-plasma interactions. The measurement of track densities allows for determination of particle angular distributions, and information on the kinetic energy can be obtained by the use of passive absorbers. We present a precise method of measuring spectral distributions of laser-accelerated protons in a single etching and analysis process. We make use of a one-to-one relation between proton energy and track size and present a precise calibration based on monoenergetic particle beams. While this relation is limited to proton energies below 1 MeV, we show that the range of spectral measurements can be significantly extended by simultaneous use of absorbers of suitable thicknesses. Examples from laser-plasma interactions are presented, and quantitative results on proton energies and particle numbers are compared to those obtained from a time-of-flight detector. The spectrum end points of continuous energy distributions have been determined with both detector types and coincide within 50-100 keV