Guía de recursos educativos para personas con enfermedades neuromusculares

Este documento ha sido elaborado para difundir entre todas las entidades de la Federación Nacional de Enfermedades Neuromusculares (ASEM)Este documento, dirigido a los profesionales del ámbito educativo, padres y alumnos/ as afectados/as, pretende ser un compendio de información sobre las posibilidades de integración escolar de los niños y niñas con una enfermedad neuromuscular. La guía se ha dividido en varias secciones: la primera refleja la situación actual de la atención a la diversidad en la educación en base a la legislación establecida e incluyendo las modalidades de escolarización y las vías de acceso a la educación. En la segunda parte se exponen los diferentes tipos de recursos disponibles para la integración escolar, incluyendo los recursos humanos, productos de apoyo y accesibilidad en general. Por último, se realiza una descripción sobre las características de los/as niños/as afectados por una ENM, sus necesidades educativas, así como las pautas adecuadas para fomentar su máxima participación activa en el proceso educativo y el papel del profesional de terapia ocupacional en este ámbito

Elaboración de una guía sobre recursos educativos para la atención de niños/as con enfermedades neuromusculares

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido describir la situación actual del sistema educativo, el proceso de escolarización y los recursos que, a nivel global, precisan los/as niños/as con enfermedades neuromusculares. Este trabajo se ha realizado a través de un abordaje descriptivo, retrospectivo y observacional, recolectando y utilizando datos, en un ámbito de aplicación nacional. Estas referencias explican la situación educativa tal y como es, siendo la estudiante una observadora externa de las mismas. El trabajo ha sido realizado en varias fases consecutivas, culminando en una Guía de integración escolar para los/as niños/as con enfermedades neuromusculares. Éste es el resultado principal del trabajo, dirigido a los profesionales del ámbito educativo, padres y alumnos/as afectados/as. La guía se ha dividido en varias secciones, reflejando la situación actual de la atención a la diversidad en la educación, los recursos disponibles para la integración, las características de los/as niños/as afectados por una ENM y sus necesidades, así como el papel del terapeuta ocupacional en este ámbito. Una de las conclusiones reflejadas en este estudio es que los recursos (humanos, materiales y económicos) no están al alcance de todas las personas, ya que algunos centros educativos no disponen de ellos y otros "no quieren" facilitarlos. Otra conclusión relevante es la necesidad de la incorporación del terapeuta ocupacional en el ámbito educativo, ya que una de sus funciones primordiales es procurar dar respuesta a las necesidades del alumnado, proporcionando los medios imprescindibles para que se puedan integrar en el entorno.The purpose of this study was to describe the current situation of the education system, schooling process and resources that, globally, require the children with neuromuscular diseases. This work was carried out through a descriptive, retrospective and observational approach, collecting and using data, on a national scope. These references explain the educational situation as it is, being the student an external observer of the same. The work has been performed in several consecutive phases, culminating in a guide of school integration for children with neuromuscular diseases. This is the main result of the work, leaded to educational professionals, parents and affected students. The guide is divided in several sections, reflecting the current situation of the attention to diversity in education, the available resources for the integration, the characteristics of the children affected by MND and their needs, and the role of the occupational therapist in this area. One of the conclusions reflected in this study is that the resources (human, material and financial) are not available to all people, because some schools don't have them and other school "don't want" to provide them. Another important conclusion is the need of the incorporation of the occupational therapist in education scope because one of his primary functions is to solve the needs of students by providing the necessary means so they can integrate into the environment.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FCS). Terapia ocupacional. Curso 2012/201

Inhibition of LpxC Increases the Activity of Iron Chelators and Gallium Nitrate in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii would benefit from the development of novel treatment approaches. Compounds that interfere with bacterial iron metabolism, such as iron chelators and gallium nitrate, have previously been shown to have antimicrobial activity against A. baumannii. In this study, we characterize the effect of LpxC inhibitors on the antimicrobial activity of previously characterized iron chelators, 2,2'-bipyridyl (BIP) and deferiprone (DFP), and gallium nitrate (Ga(NO3)3) against A. baumannii reference strains and multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. The LpxC inhibitor LpxC-2 was synergistic with BIP for 30% of strains tested (FICI values: 0.38-1.02), whereas inhibition with LpxC-4 was synergistic with BIP for 60% of strains tested (FICI values: 0.09-0.75). In time-kill assays, combinations of BIP with both LpxC inhibitors demonstrated synergistic activity, with a more than 3 log10 reduction in bacterial counts compared to BIP alone. LpxC-2 was synergistic with Ga(NO3)3 for 50% of strains tested (FICI values: 0.27-1.0), whereas LpxC-4 was synergistic with Ga(NO3)3 for all strains tested (FICI values: 0.08-≤0.50). In time-kill assays, combinations of Ga(NO3)3 with LpxC-2 and LpxC-4 decreased the growth of both strains compared to each compound separately; however, only the combination with LpxC-4 met the defined criteria for synergy. These results identify a novel synergy between two antimicrobial classes against A. baumannii strains.This research was supported by grants MPY 380/18 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) awarded to M.J.M. V.V. is supported by the Río Hortega Program from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. The APC was funded by MPY 380/18 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) awarded to M.J.M.S

Effects on empathy and emotional intelligence of a Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility programme in physical education (Efectos de un programa de Responsabilidad Personal y Social sobre la empatía y la inteligencia emocional en educación física)

In recent years, research has pointed to the value of positive youth development programmes through physical education. The influence of this type of programme, specifically the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility programme, on the empathy and emotional intelligence of students is a field to be explored. The study’s aims were: (1) to investigate the effects of a Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility-based programme on empathy and perceived emotional intelligence in physical education; and (2) to compare the scores between lower-middle and upper-middle socioeconomic context schools. Participants were 210 students (ages 10-12). A quasi-experimental design with two analyses of covariance were completed. The programme improved the students’ feelings of sadness (p < .05). More pronounced improvements were found on the feelings of sadness (p = .016) in the lower-middle socioeconomic context group. The intervention was more effective on understanding feelings (p < .001) in the upper-middle context group. Improvements were found in emotional intelligence (p = .017), attention (p < .05) and repair (p < .026) factors in the lower-middle context group compared to the upper-middle context group. We found that the programme has been especially useful for improving emotional intelligence in depressed socioeconomic contexts. 
 Resumen. En los últimos años, la investigación ha señalado el valor de los programas de desarrollo positivo adolescente a través de la educación física. La influencia de este tipo de programas, en concreto del programa de Enseñanza de la Responsabilidad Personal y Social, sobre la empatía y la inteligencia emocional de los alumnos es un campo por explorar. Los objetivos del estudio fueron: (1) investigar los efectos de un programa basado en el modelo de Enseñanza de Responsabilidad Personal y Social sobre la empatía y la inteligencia emocional percibida en educación física; y (2) comparar los resultados entre los colegios de contexto socioeconómico medio-bajo y medio-alto. Los participantes fueron 210 alumnos (de 10 a 12 años). Se realizó un diseño cuasi-experimental con dos análisis de covarianza. El programa mejoró los sentimientos de tristeza de los estudiantes (p <.05). Se encontraron mejoras más pronunciadas en los sentimientos de tristeza (p = .016) en el grupo de contexto socioeconómico medio-bajo. La intervención fue más efectiva en la comprensión de sentimientos (p <.001) en el grupo de contexto medio-alto. Se encontraron mejoras en los factores de inteligencia emocional (p = .017), atención (p <.05) y reparación (p <.026) en el grupo de contexto medio-bajo en comparación con el grupo de contexto medio-alto. Encontramos que el programa ha sido especialmente útil para mejorar la inteligencia emocional en contextos socioeconómicos vulnerables

Relación de riesgo de caries dental y estado nutricional en niños y adolescentes de un centro de salud nacional, Lurin 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el Riesgo de Caries Dental con el Estado Nutricional en Niños y Adolescentes de un Centro de Salud Nacional, Lurín 2021. Metodología: Fue una investigación básica, no experimental, transversal y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 150 historias clínicas del Centro de Salud que fueron evaluadas mediante una ficha de recolección de datos para registrar el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la valoración del riesgo de caries dental usando el CPOd. Resultados: Según los resultados obtenidos, se encontró un p: 0.035 para la relación del riesgo de Caries Dental y el IMC, en relación al riesgo de caries para el 22,7% de niños y el 10% de adolescentes tuvieron un nivel moderado, según el IMC el 39,9% de los niños tuvo un IMC normal y el 10% de adolescentes presentó un IMC Obeso. Se encontró diferencia significativa entre el riesgo de Caries Dental con el IMC para el sexo masculino. Conclusión: Existe una relación entre el Riesgo de Caries Dental y el Índice de Masa Corporal en Niños y Adolescentes de un Centro de Salud Nacional, Lurín 2021

Radionuclides in arctic marine macroalgae from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard)

Seaweeds are known to be useful environmental bioindicators since they bioaccumulate radioisotopes at very low environmental concentrations. Levels of natural radionuclides in six ecologically relevant brown and red seaweed species from Arctic coasts (Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, Svalbard Islands) were analysed in the present study, in order to characterise the levels of natural radioactivity in this ecosystem and to compare this with previously published data in coastal areas from other latitudes. Thalli were collected by SCUBA divers at different depths in Hansneset in September 2014 and transported immediately to the laboratory. Young thalli, free from macroscopic epibiota, were dried, powdered and confined in a standard geometry before gamma spectrometry measurements. Then, the radioactivity of 7Be, 40K, 208Tl, 210Pb, 212Pb, 226Ra and 228Ra was measured by high-resolution gamma spectrometry using high-purity germanium detectors for 172800 s. Detectors were calibrated using a traceable multi gamma standard source and results are on a dry weight and fresh weight basis and are decay corrected to the date of sampling. Our results revealed the influence of cosmogenic radionuclides in the intertidal zone, as shown by the unique presence of 7Be in the brown macroalga Fucus distichus, the only analysed species inhabiting the intertidal. High concentrations of 40K were observed in all species, as this is one of the essential elements in biota. Remarkably is the high content of 210Pb in the red seaweeds Phycodrys rubens and Ptilota gunneri, suggesting that these species might possess a higher capacity for heavy metals bioaccumulation than the analysed brown seaweeds

Evaluation of Extracurricular Sports Activities as an Educational Element for Sustainable Development in Educational Institutions

Education that instills healthy habits has acquired much attention in recent years due to concerns related to obesity and the sedentary lifestyle of the scholastic population. Extracurricular sports activities can contribute to the creation of healthy habits and can promote active lifestyles. These positive habits provide social benefits and are a facilitator of sustainable development. Thisstudy had two objectives: To assess the quality and value of extracurricular sports activities offered by schools, as well as the satisfaction of the participants and their future intentions to participate; and to assess the relationship between these constructs, with the aim of identifying factors that encourage schoolchildren to be active. Information was gathered from 1080 children in secondary education in Spain (n = 1080) (65.90% boys, 13.76 1.39 years). The instruments used were the Scale of Perception of Sports Organizations (EPOD2) and a future intentions scale. The evaluation of satisfaction, quality, and value, as well as the intentions expressed by the young athletes to continue participating in extracurricular sports activities were positive, with average values close to the maximum. The best-rated quality variables were human resources. A significant association was identified between communication and loyalty, and response capacity and sports spaces. Likewise, perceived satisfaction and value were related to loyalty and price. In short, student perceptions establish a clear relationship between evaluations of activities and the intention to continue practicing sports in schools

Genetic predisposition and Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: New tools for genetic study

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.El síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo (SDRA) es la forma más grave de falla respiratoria. Teóricamente, cualquier noxa pulmonar aguda puede resultar en un SDRA, pero solo un pequeño porcentaje de individuos desarrolla la enfermedad. Sobre este fundamento, factores genéticos han sido implicados en el riesgo de desarrollar SDRA. Basado en la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad, múltiples genes candidatos han sido evaluados como potenciales modificadores, tanto en pacientes como en modelos animales de SDRA. Datos experimentales y estudios clínicos recientes sugieren que variantes de genes implicados en procesos clave de daño tisular, celular y molecular pulmonar pueden influir en la predisposición y el pronóstico del SDRA. Sin embargo, la patogénesis del SDRA pediátrico es compleja y, en consecuencia, es posible anticipar que muchos genes pueden contribuir a ella. Variantes genéticas, tales como polimorfismos de nucleótido simple y variantes del número de copias, están probablemente asociadas con la predisposición al SDRA en niños con lesión pulmonar primaria. El estudio de asociación del genoma completo (GWAS, del inglés Genome-Wide Association Study) puede examinar estas variantes sin sesgos y ayudar a identificar nuevos genes fundamentales y vías patogénicas clave para futuros análisis. Esta aproximación también puede tener implicancias clínicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas, como predecir el riesgo del paciente o desarrollar un enfoque terapéutico personalizado para este grave síndrome.Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe form of respiratory failure. Theoretically, any acute lung condition can lead to ARDS, but only a small percentage of individuals actually develop the disease. On this basis, genetic factors have been implicated in the risk of developing ARDS. Based on the pathophysiology of this disease, many candidate genes have been evaluated as potential modifiers in patient, as well as in animal models, of ARDS. Recent experimental data and clinical studies suggest that variations of genes involved in key processes of tissue, cellular and molecular lung damage may influence susceptibility and prognosis of ARDS. However, the pathogenesis of pediatric ARDS is complex, and therefore, it can be expected that many genes might contribute. Genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy-number variations are likely associated with susceptibility to ARDS in children with primary lung injury. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies can objectively examine these variations, and help identify important new genes and pathogenetic pathways for future analysis. This approach might also have diagnostic and therapeutic implications, such as predicting patient risk or developing a personalized therapeutic approach to this serious syndrome.http://ref.scielo.org/kqgf3

Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in healthy Spanish schoolchildren

Background: Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) are a serious threat among emerging antibiotic resistant bacteria. Particularly, the number of cases of ESBL-E infections reported in children has been increasing in recent years, and approved antibiotic treatments for this age group are limited. However, information regarding the prevalence of colonization in European children, risk factors associated with colonization, and the characteristics of the colonizing strains is scarce. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of ESBL-E colonization in fecal samples of apparently healthy schoolchildren, to identify lifestyle routines associated with colonization, and to characterize clonal relationships and mechanisms of resistance in ESBL-E isolates. Methods: A cohort of 887 healthy children (3-13 years old) from seven primary and secondary schools in the Madrid metropolitan area was recruited between April-June 2018, and sociodemographic information and daily habits were collected. Fecal samples were screened for ESBL-E carriage in selective medium. ESBL-E isolates were further characterized by assessing molecular epidemiology (PFGE and MLST), ESBL gene carriage, and antibiotic resistance profile. This information was analyzed in conjunction with the metadata of the participants in order to identify external factors associated with ESBL-E carriage. Results: Twenty four ESBL-E, all but one Escherichia coli, were detected in 23 children (prevalence: 2.6%; 95% CI: 1.6-3.6%). Of these, seven contained the blaCTX-M-14 allele, five the blaCTX-M-15, five the blaSHV-12, three the blaCTX-M-27, three the blaCTX-M-32, and one the blaCTX-M-9. Significant clonal diversity was observed among the isolates that grouped into 22 distinct clusters (at <85% similarity of PFGE profile). ESBL-producing E. coli isolates belonged to 12 different STs, with ST10 (25%) and ST131 (17%) being the most frequent. Apart from ß-lactams, resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (46%), ciprofloxacin (33%), levofloxacin (33%), tobramycin (21%), and gentamicin (8%) were the most frequently detected. Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL-E in the studied cohort of children was lower than the average colonization rate previously detected in Europe for both children and adults. E. coli was the main ESBL-producing species detected and CTX-M were the most frequently identified ESBLs. High ST diversity suggests polyclonal dissemination. Compared to other STs, ST131 isolates were associated with resistance to various antimicrobials.ML-S was supported by the Sara Borrell Program of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (CD17CIII/00017). ZM was supported by the Río Hortega Program of the ISCIII. AÁ was supported by the Garantía Juvenil Program of the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. SS was supported by the Miguel Servet program of ISCIII (CPII18CIII/00005). This study was funded by the ISCIII, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain), under projects PI16CIII/00024, PI18CIII/00030, MPY380/18, and MPY516/19.S

Adaptation and Validation of the Scale of Future Intentions of Behaviour in Customers of Sport Services

La fidelización de usuarios en cualquier tipo de organización es un tema transcendente por la cascada de beneficios que se producen al incrementar-la. Las organizaciones deportivas no son ajenas a esta realidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar una escala de intenciones futuras de comportamiento a servicios deportivos. Para la validación de la misma, se utilizó una muestra compuesta por 2181 usuarios. Se realizó un análisis fac-torial confirmatorio precedido del exploratorio. Se calculó la fiabilidad del instrumento resultante y su validez discriminante. Los resultados permiten afirmar que se dispone de una herramienta válida y fiable compuesta por tres dimensiones y diez ítems, capaz de conocer las intenciones futuras de comportamiento de usuarios de servicios deportivos