Les ouvrières et le mouvement social : retour sur la portée subversive des luttes de chez Lip à l'épreuve du genre

This PhD dissertation is to seek to understand the impacts of the social movement on the sexual division of work . lt takes for cases of analysis social struggles that have happened in the bisontine company Lip, between 1973 and 1981. Those strikes which were long, made up of men and women, embodying an idea l self-management, carry on a great dynamic force for change. But our search shows that in spite of the radicality of the ways used by the strikers, the women's emancipation didn't take place during the fights. However, the militant commitment favars a perception by women workers of gender inequalities. Comparing women and men trajectories before, during and after the social movement, we highlight an ongoing of gender and class hierarchies, including in militant actions, even though somme resistances are observed. lndeed, the studied biographical disruptions show an access to the awerness of the male domination, also related with the interaction between women workers and feminists movements. At last, this research come back on the subversive reach of Lip's strikes, in view of a particular historical context, trajectories and socialisations, and the way the women participate in the production of a social memory.L'objet de cette thèse consiste à appréhender les impacts du mouvement social sur la division sexuée du travail. Elle prend pour cas d'analyse les luttes sociales survenues dans l'entreprise bisontine Lip entre 1973 et 1981. Ces grèves longues, mixtes, rendues célèbres par leurs allures autogestionnaires, sont porteuses d'une dynamique de changement indéniable. Or notre recherche montre que malgré la radicalité des moyens employés par les grévistes, l'émancipation féminine n'a pas eu lieu au cours des luttes. Cela étant, nous montrons que la grève favorise une perception par les ouvrières des inégalités de genre. En comparant les trajectoires féminines et masculines avant, pendant et après la période des luttes, nous mettons en évidence une pérennisation des hiérarchies de genre et de classe, y compris dans l'action militante, même si des logiques de résistances sont repérables à postériori. De fait, les infléchissements biographiques observés marquent un accès à la prise de conscience de la domination masculine, en lien avec les interactions entre les ouvrières et des collectifs féministes. En somme, cette thèse revient sur la portée subversive des luttes de chez Lip, au regard d'un contexte historique spécifique, des trajectoires et des socialisations, et des modalités de production par les femmes d'une mémoire sociale

Women workers and social movement : back on the subversive reach of Lip's strikes to the test of gender

L'objet de cette thèse consiste à appréhender les impacts du mouvement social sur la division sexuée du travail. Elle prend pour cas d'analyse les luttes sociales survenues dans l'entreprise bisontine Lip entre 1973 et 1981. Ces grèves longues, mixtes, rendues célèbres par leurs allures autogestionnaires, sont porteuses d'une dynamique de changement indéniable. Or notre recherche montre que malgré la radicalité des moyens employés par les grévistes, l'émancipation féminine n'a pas eu lieu au cours des luttes. Cela étant, nous montrons que la grève favorise une perception par les ouvrières des inégalités de genre. En comparant les trajectoires féminines et masculines avant, pendant et après la période des luttes, nous mettons en évidence une pérennisation des hiérarchies de genre et de classe, y compris dans l'action militante, même si des logiques de résistances sont repérables à postériori. De fait, les infléchissements biographiques observés marquent un accès à la prise de conscience de la domination masculine, en lien avec les interactions entre les ouvrières et des collectifs féministes. En somme, cette thèse revient sur la portée subversive des luttes de chez Lip, au regard d'un contexte historique spécifique, des trajectoires et des socialisations, et des modalités de production par les femmes d'une mémoire sociale.This PhD dissertation is to seek to understand the impacts of the social movement on the sexual division of work . lt takes for cases of analysis social struggles that have happened in the bisontine company Lip, between 1973 and 1981. Those strikes which were long, made up of men and women, embodying an idea l self-management, carry on a great dynamic force for change. But our search shows that in spite of the radicality of the ways used by the strikers, the women's emancipation didn't take place during the fights. However, the militant commitment favars a perception by women workers of gender inequalities. Comparing women and men trajectories before, during and after the social movement, we highlight an ongoing of gender and class hierarchies, including in militant actions, even though somme resistances are observed. lndeed, the studied biographical disruptions show an access to the awerness of the male domination, also related with the interaction between women workers and feminists movements. At last, this research come back on the subversive reach of Lip's strikes, in view of a particular historical context, trajectories and socialisations, and the way the women participate in the production of a social memory

Effectiveness of a Therapeutic Educational Oral Health Program for Persons with Schizophrenia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial and Qualitative Approach

International audienceBACKGROUND: The oral health of people with schizophrenia (PWS) is very poor, suggesting a need for oral health promotion programmes with a high level of evidence. The aim of the EBENE study (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02512367) was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary therapeutic educational programme in oral health (TEPOH) for PWS. METHODS: A multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial, with outpatient psychiatry centres as the unit of randomisation, was designed to compare the effectiveness of TEPOH (intervention group) versus standard care (control group). The trial was conducted in 26 outpatient psychiatry centres in France (14 in the intervention group, 12 in the control group). Eligible patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were enroled between 2016 and 2020 and followed for 6 months. The TEPOH group received a multicomponent intervention (comprising an introductory session, three educational sessions, and a debriefing session). The primary endpoint was the evaluation of periodontal disease as a community periodontal index (CPI) score ≥ 3 at Month 6. The trial was completed using a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews with caregivers conducted between July 2018 and December 2019. The trial was stopped early due to difficulties in recruiting patients. RESULTS: Overall, 81 patients (of 250 planned) were included, and 54 patients completed the trial: 40 in the TEPOH group and 14 in the control group. At baseline, the percentage of CPI ≥ 3 was 42.5% in the TEPOH group and 9.1% in the control group. At Month 6, the percentage of CPI ≥ 3 was 20% in the TEPOH group and 14.3% in the control group. The qualitative evaluation underlined that the professionals emphasised the "seriousness" and "assiduity" of the patients’ participation in this programme and that the TEPOH reinforced carers’ investment in oral hygiene. It also highlighted structural factors (lack of resources for professionals, lack of teeth in PWS, COVID-19 pandemic) that may have exacerbated the difficulties with enrolment and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of this TEPOH, developed for PWS as part of the EBENE study, has not been demonstrated. Certain aspects of the programme’s content and implementation need to be reconsidered. In particular, an adapted subjective measurement scale should be developed

Searching for Dark Matter with an Optical Cavity and an Unequal-Delay Interferometer

International audienceWe propose a new type of experiment that compares the frequency of a clock (an ultrastable optical cavity in this case) at time t to its own frequency some time t-T earlier, by “storing” the output signal (photons) in a fiber delay line. In ultralight oscillating dark matter (DM) models, such an experiment is sensitive to coupling of DM to the standard model fields, through oscillations of the cavity and fiber lengths and of the fiber refractive index. Additionally, the sensitivity is significantly enhanced around the mechanical resonances of the cavity. We present experimental results of such an experiment and report no evidence of DM for masses in the [4.1×10-11, 8.3×10-10] eV region. In addition, we improve constraints on the involved coupling constants by one order of magnitude in a standard galactic DM model, at the mass corresponding to the resonant frequency of our cavity. Furthermore, in the model of relaxion DM, we improve on existing constraints over the whole DM mass range by about one order of magnitude, and up to 6 orders of magnitude at resonance

Exocomets size distribution in the β ? Pictoris planetary system

International audienceThe star β ? Pictoris harbors a young planetary system of about 20 million years old, which is characterized by the presence of a gaseous and dusty debris disk, at least two massive planets and many minor bodies. For more than thirty years, exocomets transiting the star have been detected using spectroscopy, probing the gaseous part of the cometary comas and tails. The detection of the dusty component of the tails can be performed through photometric observations of the transits. Since 2018, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite has observed β ? Pic for a total of 156 days. Here we report an analysis of the TESS photometric data set with the identification of a total of 30 transits of exocomets. Our statistical analysis shows that the number of transiting exocomet events (N) as a function of the absorption depth (AD) in the light curve follows a power law in the form d N (A D ) ∝A D-α ?, where α =2.3 ±0.4 ?. This distribution of absorption depth leads to a differential comet size distribution proportional to R-γ?, where γ =3.6 ±0.8 ?, showing a striking similarity to the size distribution of comets in the Solar system and the distribution of a collisionally relaxed population (γD=3.5 ?)

10 ans d'A&S

Anthropologie & Santé a 10 ans. C'est pour nous l'occasion de rappeler l'histoire et les valeurs de la revue, d’expliciter son fonctionnement et son modèle économique. Nous avons également voulu donner à ce numéro de transition une dimension récréative, affranchie de la rigueur et des codes académiques des revues scientifiques auxquels nous sommes attachées. Ce numéro accueille donc d’autres formes d’écriture de l’anthropologie ou des textes qui abordent des fragments d’expérience de la recherche plus rarement décrits ou analysés dans les articles scientifiques. Leur facture laisse plus de place à la métaphore, à la poésie, à l’humour et à la narration – sans toutefois se départir de la précision des concepts. Anthropologie & Santé is 10 years old. This anniversary is an opportunity for us to recall the journal's history and values, to explain its functioning and its economic model. We also wanted to give this transitional issue a recreational dimension, freed from the rigor and academic codes of the scientific journals to which we are attached. This issue therefore welcomes other forms of writing in anthropology, or texts dealing with fragments of research experience that are more rarely described or analysed in scientific papers. Their writing forms leave room for metaphor, poetry, humour and narratives

Long term noninvasive ventilation and continuous positive airway pressure in children with neuromuscular diseases in France

International audienc

A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands

We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log10 increase (i.e., a ~3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited CD4 cell decline twice as fast as, 6604 individuals with other subtype-B strains. Without treatment, advanced HIV-CD4 cell counts below 350 cells per cubic millimeter, with long-term clinical consequences-is expected to be reached, on average, 9 months after diagnosis for individuals in their thirties with this variant. Age, sex, suspected mode of transmission, and place of birth for the aforementioned 109 individuals were typical for HIV-positive people in the Netherlands, which suggests that the increased virulence is attributable to the viral strain. Genetic sequence analysis suggests that this variant arose in the 1990s from de novo mutation, not recombination, with increased transmissibility and an unfamiliar molecular mechanism of virulence