Gravidez na adolescência e o acesso às Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação na Amazônia

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o acesso à informação, através da posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios e a gravidez na adolescência, tomando por referência os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira em relação ao Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, baseado em dados obtidos do Censo Demográfico de pessoas e domicílios, realizado no Brasil no ano de 2010, pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Resultados: Para os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira com os menores percentuais de domicílios com posse de computador com Internet ( 4,49%), a probabilidade de apresentar os maiores percentuais de gravidez na adolescência (≥ 9,39%) é de 0,723 enquanto para os demais municípios do Brasil é de 0,23. O fenômeno da gravidez na adolescência apresentou associação com espaço de referência (Brasil, Amazônia) e com a posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios. Conclusões: Os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira apresentam elevados índices de ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência em relação aos demais municípios do Brasil. A ocorrência desse fenômeno, associada com a baixa infraestrutura de acesso à Internet, revela as desiguais condições que gestores e profissionais de saúde podem encontrar para executar projetos que utilizem as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação.Objectives: To analyze the association between access to information, measured by the possession of a computer with Internet connection in households, and teenage pregnancy, taking as reference the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon compared to the rest of Brazil. Methods: Ecological study based on data collected from the Demographic Census of persons and households, carried out in Brazil in 2010, by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). Results: For the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon with the lowest percentages of households with computer with Internet access ( 4.49%), the probability of presenting the highest percentages of teenage pregnancy (≥ 9.39%) is 0.723, while for the others municipalities of Brazil, this probability is 0.23. The phenomenon of teenage pregnancy presented association with the space of reference (Brazil, Amazon) and with the ownership of computer with Internet access in the households. Conclusions: The municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon present high rates of teenage pregnancy compared to the others municipalities of Brazil. Associated to the poor infrastructure of Internet access, the occurrence of this phenomenon reveals the unequal conditions that managers and health professionals can find to execute projects that rely on Information and Communications Technologies

3D structural vibration identification from dynamic point clouds

Video-based measurement has received increased attention for modal analysis and nondestructive evaluation, playing an important role in the development of the next-generation structural sensing technologies. As these techniques have evolved, more quantitative approaches based on computer vision techniques have emerged on full-field unsupervised structural identification, exploiting the benefits provided by the use of video cameras such as high spatial sensor density and low installation costs. More recent work has started to explore the use of laser point cloud data for 3D mapping of scenes and structures. Sensors such as LIDAR provide huge amounts of measurements at high spatial resolution from which it is possible to estimate accurate structural geometry for applications such as the generation of CAD models. Unfortunately to-date, the frame rate and depth resolution of LIDAR and other sensors capable of 3D geometry measurements has not been sufficient for measuring structural dynamics. In this paper, we introduce an approach for efficient and extremely high resolution 3D structural dynamic identification/modal analysis from point cloud data acquired using a commercial, low-cost, time-of-flight imager. Vibration mode shapes and modal coordinates are extracted from this data by creating virtual Lagrangian sensors based on the point clouds parameters. First, time-varying point cloud data are collected from a vibrating structure. Then, a mesh of virtual sensors is created based on the dynamic point cloud data for tracking the structure\u27s displacement over time. Next solutions to the blind source separation problem are employed to estimate high resolution 3D mode shapes, modal coordinates, and resonant frequencies. We demonstrate the potential of our proposed approach on laboratory tests and compare the results to the data collected from conventional laser displacement sensors. This technique represents an advance towards efficiently exploring the full advantages of using dynamic point cloud data for practical monitoring applications and has the potential to be extended for a wide range of 3D motion decomposition problems

Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor based on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber with a bimetallic layer

The investigation of a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor with a bimetallic layer for operation at the visible and infrared spectra is presented. The bimetallic layer is composed by silver and gold slabs deposited adjacently on the flat face of the fiber. It is shown that this architecture allows the excitation of two sharply distinguished plasmon resonance, which suggest potential applications for multiparameter sensing

Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor based on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber with a bimetallic layer

The investigation of a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor with a bimetallic layer for operation at the visible and infrared spectra is presented. The bimetallic layer is composed by silver and gold slabs deposited adjacently on the flat face of the fiber. It is shown that this architecture allows the excitation of two sharply distinguished plasmon resonance, which suggest potential applications for multiparameter sensing

Teenage pregnancy and access to Information and Communications Technologies in the Amazon

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o acesso à informação, através da posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios e a gravidez na adolescência, tomando por referência os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira em relação ao Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, baseado em dados obtidos do Censo Demográfico de pessoas e domicílios, realizado no Brasil no ano de 2010, pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Resultados: Para os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira com os menores percentuais de domicílios com posse de computador com Internet (< 4,49%), a probabilidade de apresentar os maiores percentuais de gravidez na adolescência (≥ 9,39%) é de 0,723 enquanto para os demais municípios do Brasil é de 0,23. O fenômeno da gravidez na adolescência apresentou associação com espaço de referência (Brasil, Amazônia) e com a posse de computador com Internet nos domicílios. Conclusões: Os municípios da Amazônia legal brasileira apresentam elevados índices de ocorrência da gravidez na adolescência em relação aos demais municípios do Brasil. A ocorrência desse fenômeno, associada com a baixa infraestrutura de acesso à Internet, revela as desiguais condições que gestores e profissionais de saúde podem encontrar para executar projetos que utilizem as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação.Objectives: To analyze the association between access to information, measured by the possession of a computer with Internet connection in households, and teenage pregnancy, taking as reference the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon compared to the rest of Brazil. Methods: Ecological study based on data collected from the Demographic Census of persons and households, carried out in Brazil in 2010, by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). Results: For the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon with the lowest percentages of households with computer with Internet access (< 4.49%), the probability of presenting the highest percentages of teenage pregnancy (≥ 9.39%) is 0.723, while for the others municipalities of Brazil, this probability is 0.23. The phenomenon of teenage pregnancy presented association with the space of reference (Brazil, Amazon) and with the ownership of computer with Internet access in the households. Conclusions: The municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon present high rates of teenage pregnancy compared to the others municipalities of Brazil. Associated to the poor infrastructure of Internet access, the occurrence of this phenomenon reveals the unequal conditions that managers and health professionals can find to execute projects that rely on Information and Communications Technologies

Nonnegative matrix factorization-based blind source separation for full-field and high-resolution modal identification from video

Traditional modal analysis requires physically attached sensors for data acquisition and vibration-based monitoring. Although traditional modal analysis presents well-established techniques for dynamics analysis, they can impose mass-loading effects on lightweight structures and increase budgetary demands on the maintenance of such data acquisition systems. Recently video-based techniques have become of increasing interest in the identification of the dynamic properties of infrastructures with arbitrary complexity. However, most applications rely on frame by frame tracking of fixed speckle targets to derive time-varying physical parameters. This imposes serious limitations for real-world applications, especially in scenarios where the structure is out of reach. Therefore, to address these issues, we propose a novel output-only operational modal analysis method based on vision-based blind source separation scheme. The proposed algorithm makes use of each pixel as a potential measurement point. This enables an increase in the spatial density of sensors conventionally used on a structure by orders of magnitude. This simultaneous processing of all pixel time-series derives full-field high-resolution mode shapes instead of low spatial resolution mode shapes achieved when measuring a limited number of discrete locations with typical sensors. Compared to other approaches, we propose a blind source separation scheme simpler than the ones based on phase extraction and complex steerable pyramids that still capable of disentangling local structural vibration from video measurement only. Moreover, a simple method to magnify and visualize independent vibration modes is introduced using the extracted modal information only. We validate our method by laboratory experiments on a bench-scale building structure and a cantilever beam. The results demonstrate that the proposed technique can decompose high-resolution modal parameters, visualize and reconstruct even those weakly-excited vibration modes