Review of the quality of youTube videos recommending exercises for the COVID-19 Lockdown

Background: The world is experiencing a pandemic caused by COVID-19. Insufficient physical activity can increase the risk of illness. Trying to replicate a normal search that any user/patient could do in YouTube, the objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of YouTube videos related to home exercises during lockdown and their adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Methods: A simple search was carried out on YouTube. The first 150 videos were selected. After applying exclusion criteria, 68 videos were analyzed and evaluated. Two statistical analyses based on machine learning techniques were carried out. Videos were classified according to principal component analysis (PCA) models as 'Relevant' and 'Non-Relevant'. Popularity was assessed using the video power index (VPI). Information's quality and accuracy were gauged using the DISCERN scale and global quality score (GQS). Reliability and credibility of information that can be found on health-related websites was assessed using the Health On the Net Code (HONCode). Exercises were evaluated according to WHO recommendations. Results: DISCERN, HONCode, and GQS scored a mean of 2.29, 58.95, and 2.32, respectively. The PCA calculation allowed videos to auto-classify into high- and low-quality videos. Conclusions: The quality of YouTube videos recommending exercises during lockdown is low and doesn't reflect WHO recommendations. Effective strategies and tools capable of indicating the quality of this information are needed to filter out erroneous or non-rigorous information that may affect people's health. These tools should help any user/viewer to distinguish videos of high and low quality

Perturbation theory/machine learning model of ChEMBL data for dopamine targets: docking, synthesis, and assay of new l-prolyl-l-leucyl-glycinamide peptidomimetics

[Abstract] Predicting drug–protein interactions (DPIs) for target proteins involved in dopamine pathways is a very important goal in medicinal chemistry. We can tackle this problem using Molecular Docking or Machine Learning (ML) models for one specific protein. Unfortunately, these models fail to account for large and complex big data sets of preclinical assays reported in public databases. This includes multiple conditions of assays, such as different experimental parameters, biological assays, target proteins, cell lines, organism of the target, or organism of assay. On the other hand, perturbation theory (PT) models allow us to predict the properties of a query compound or molecular system in experimental assays with multiple boundary conditions based on a previously known case of reference. In this work, we report the first PTML (PT + ML) study of a large ChEMBL data set of preclinical assays of compounds targeting dopamine pathway proteins. The best PTML model found predicts 50000 cases with accuracy of 70–91% in training and external validation series. We also compared the linear PTML model with alternative PTML models trained with multiple nonlinear methods (artificial neural network (ANN), Random Forest, Deep Learning, etc.). Some of the nonlinear methods outperform the linear model but at the cost of a notable increment of the complexity of the model. We illustrated the practical use of the new model with a proof-of-concept theoretical–experimental study. We reported for the first time the organic synthesis, chemical characterization, and pharmacological assay of a new series of l-prolyl-l-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG) peptidomimetic compounds. In addition, we performed a molecular docking study for some of these compounds with the software Vina AutoDock. The work ends with a PTML model predictive study of the outcomes of the new compounds in a large number of assays. Therefore, this study offers a new computational methodology for predicting the outcome for any compound in new assays. This PTML method focuses on the prediction with a simple linear model of multiple pharmacological parameters (IC50, EC50, Ki, etc.) for compounds in assays involving different cell lines used, organisms of the protein target, or organism of assay for proteins in the dopamine pathway.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; CTQ2016-74881-PGobierno Vasco; IT1045-16Xunta de Galicia; GPC2014/003Xunta de Galicia; CN 2012/069Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/16Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/23Xunta de Galicia; GRC2014/049Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/2

Quality Analysis of YouTube Videos Presenting Pelvic Floor Exercises after Prostatectomy Surgery

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is a major cause of disease and mortality among men. Surgical treatment involving the removal of the prostate may result in temporary or permanent erectile dysfunction (ED) and urinary incontinence (UI), with considerable impact on quality of life. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is one of the recommended techniques for the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of postoperative complications. The aim of this observational study was to assess the quality of YouTube videos—accessible to any patient—related to exercises after prostatectomy surgery. Methods: A systematic search was performed on YouTube on 24 September 2020. One hundred and fifty videos were selected and analyzed. Two statistical analyses were conducted based on machine-learning techniques, and videos were classified as ‘Relevant’ or ‘Non-Relevant’ using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) models. Two reviewers conducted independent analyses. Inter-observer agreement and individual correlations of video data were evaluated with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Information quality, reliability, and accuracy were measured using the DISCERN Scale and Global Quality Score (GQS), while video popularity was evaluated using the Video Power Index (VPI). Results: DISCERN scored a mean of 3.35 and GQS scored 3.38. Average number of views was 124,354, mean duration was 14:42 min, mean days online was 1777, mean view ratio was 138.30, mean Likes was 1082, mean Dislikes was 68.58, and mean VPI was 92.28. Conclusions: The quality of the videos available on YouTube regarding the recommended pelvic floor exercises in PC surgery, according to the scores obtained, is High. Educational and health institutions, health professionals, government health authorities, and policy makers need to be involved in the proper development of policies to improve the information available on the web in order to have a positive impact on the healthy behavior of the population

Self-assembly of diphenylalanine with preclick components as capping groups

Alkyne and azide, which are commonly used in the cycloaddition reaction recognized as “click chemistry”, have been used as capping groups of two engineered diphenylalanine (FF) derivatives due to their ability to form weak intermolecular interactions (i.e. dipole–π and π–π stacking). In Poc-FF-N3, alkyne and azide act as N- and C-terminal capping groups, respectively, while such positions are exchanged in N3-FF-OPrp. The self-assembly of such two synthesized peptides has been extensively studied in their “pre-click” state, considering the influence of three different factors: the peptide concentration, the polarity of the medium, and the nature of the substrate. Poc-FF-N3 assembles into microfibers that, depending on the medium and the substrate, can aggregate hierarchically in supramolecular structures with different morphologies. The most distinctive one corresponds to very stable birefringent dendritic-like microstructures, which are derived from the ordered agglomeration of microfibers. These branched supramolecular structures, which are observed under a variety of conditions, are relatively uncommon in short FF sequences. At the molecular level, Poc-FF-N3 organizes in antiparallel β-sheets stabilized by N–H⋯O intermolecular hydrogen bonds and re-enforced by weak interactions between the azide and alkyne groups of neighbouring molecules. In contrast, N3-FF-OPrp exhibits a very poor tendency to organize into structures with a well-defined morphology. Theoretical calculations on model complexes indicate that the tendency of the latter peptide to organize into small amorphous agglomerates is due to its poor ability to form specific intermolecular interactions in comparison with Poc-FF-N3. The implications of the weak interactions induced by the alkyne and azide groups, which strengthen peptide⋯peptide hydrogen bonds and π-ladders due to the stacked aromatic phenyl side groups, are discussed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Assessment of levels of anxiety and fear of Covid-19 in a population of pregnant women in Spain

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the levels of fear and anxiety in the particularly vulnerable population group of women during pregnancy.Methods: Cross-sectional study between March 2022 and July 2022 involving 978 pregnant women aged 16 to 50 years. It was carried out based on the scale for the assessment of fear and anxiety in pregnant women (AMICO_Pregnant) and the collection of sociodemographic data. Normality analysis was performed prior to univariate and bivariate statistical analysis.Results: The sample was composed of a total of 978 pregnant women. The mean of the AMICO_Pregnant scale was intermediate (5.04 points; SD=2.36). The bivariate analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between the AMICO_Pregnant scale and the following variables: vaccination schedule status, contact with the disease, weeks of gestation, altered delivery or birth plan.Conclusion: Women with pregnancies closer to term, with no contact with the disease, without a complete vaccination schedule, or who had undergone changes in their delivery or birth plans, showed higher levels of fear and anxiety.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Competencies of good university teachers. Students’s opinion

[ES] En este trabajo se presenta la perspectiva que tienen los estudiantes, sobre las competencias del buen docente universitario, a partir de un cuestionario diseñado en base a las competencias docentes definidas y validadas en el marco del proyecto REDU2012”. Han respondido al cuestionario 10302 estudiantes de grado y 1700 de máster de 15 universidades, a través de un formulario en línea optimizado para dispositivos móviles.La importancia otorgada a las 16 características definidas en el cuestionario ha sido alta: todas ellas se encuentran entre el notable alto y el sobresaliente. Que el profesor explique de forma clara los contenidos de la asignatura es la mejor valorada, seguida del fomento de la motivación. Estas dos cuestiones son igualmente las más valoradas si atendemos a las ramas de conocimiento, curso y sexo del estudiantado. Las habilidades menos valoradas para ser un buen docente son la de fomentar la participación y el trabajo colaborativo y la coordinación con el profesorado[EN] This paper presents the students’ point of view about the competencies of a good  university  teacher,  obtained  from a  questionnaire  based  on  the  teaching competencies stated and validated according to the REDU2012 Project. 10302 undergraduate  students  and  1700  master students  from  15  universities  answered through  an  online  formulary  suitable  also for mobile devices. The importance that has been given to  the  16  characteristics  defined  in  the questionnaire  is  remarkably  high:  all  of them  are  qualified  either  as  good  or  as excellent. That the teacher explains clearly the subject’s content is the best-scored characteristic,  followed  by  the  motivation encouragement.  Both  characteristics  are highly  rated  by  students,  with  no  regard of  their  original  areas  of  knowledge,  their year  or  their  sex.  The  lowest  rated  skills in order to be a good teacher are the encouragement   of   participation   and   of collaborative  work  and  thAbadía Valle, AR.; Bueno García, C.; Ubieto-Artur, MI.; Márquez Cebrián, MD.; Sabaté Díaz, S.; Jorba Noguera, H.; Pagès Costa, T. (2015). Competencias del buen docente universitario. Opinión de los estudiantes. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 13(2):363-390. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2015.5453OJS363390132Comisión Europea. Grupo de alto nivel para la modernización de la enseñanza superior. (2013). Recomendaciones para la mejora de la calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Recuperado de http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-554_es.htmGrupo Interuniversitario de Formación Docente, GIFD (2011). Identificación, desarrollo y evaluación de competencias docentes en la aplicación de planes de formación dirigidos a profesorado universitario (EA2010-0099). Programa Estudios y análisis destinado a la mejora de la calidad de la enseñanza superior y de la actividad del profesorado universitario, Ministerio de Educación. Recuperado de http://bit.ly/1P39sJEHigh Level Group on the Modernisation of Higher Education. (2013). Report to the European Commission on improving the quality of teaching and learning in Europe's higher education institutions. doi: 10.2766/42468Mas, O. y Tejada, J. (2013). Funciones y competencias en la docencia universitaria. Barcelona: Síntesis.Pagès, T. (coord.). (2014). Memoria final. Propuesta de un marco de referencia competencial del profesorado universitario y adecuación de los planes de formación basados en competencias docentes. Octubre 2014. Recuperado de http://goo.gl/SdHywVREDU - Revista de Docencia Universitaria (2012). Número Monográfico dedicado a Competencias docentes en la educación superior, mayo-agosto 2012 (2). Recuperado de http://red-u.net/redu/index.php/REDU/issue/view/67/showTocTejada, J. (2009). Competencias docentes. Profesorado. Revista de Currículum y Formación del Profesorado, 13Torra Bitlloch, I.; Esteban Moreno, R.M. (2012). Presentación. REDU - Revista de Docencia Universitaria, Número monográfico dedicado a Competencias docentes en la Educación Superior, 10(2), 17-20. Recuperado de http://red-u.net/redu/index.php/REDU/article/view/427Torra Bitlloch, I., Corral Manuel de Villena, Ignacio de, Pérez Cabrera, M. J., Pagès Costas, T., Valderrama Valles, E., Márquez Cebrián, M., Sabaté Díaz, S., Solà Ysuar, P., Hernàndez Escolano, C., Sangrà Morer, A., Guàrdia Ortiz, L. Estebanell Minguella, M., Patiño Maso, J., González Soto, AP., Fandos Garrido, M., Ruiz Morillas, N., Iglesias Rodríguez, MC., Tena Tarruella, A. (2012). Identificación de competencias docentes que orienten el desarrollo de planes de formación dirigidos a profesorado universitario. REDU - Revista de Docencia Universitaria, Número monográfico dedicado a Competencias docentes en la Educación Superior, 10(2), 21-56. Recuperado de http://red-u.net/redu/index.php/REDU/article/view/397Triadó, X., Estebanell, M., Màrquez, M. D., y del Corral, I. (2014). Identificación del perfil competencial docente en educación superior. Evidencias para la elaboración de programas de formación continua del profesorado universitario. Revista Española de Pedagogía, 257, 51-72.Valcárcel, M. (Coord.)(2005). La preparación del profesorado universitario para la convergencia europea en educación Superior (EA2003-0040). Informe Investigación. Programa de Estudios y Análisis del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Recuperado de http://campus.usal.es/web-usal/Novedades/noticias/bolonia/informe_final.pdfZabalza, M. A. (2003). Competencias docentes del profesorado universitario. Calidad y desarrollo profesional. Madrid: Narcea

Factors related with symptom duration until diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic colorectal cancer

[Abstract] Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) survival depends mostly on stage at the time of diagnosis. However, symptom duration at diagnosis or treatment have also been considered as predictors of stage and survival. This study was designed to: 1) establish the distinct time-symptom duration intervals; 2) identify factors associated with symptom duration until diagnosis and treatment. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of all incident cases of symptomatic CRC during 2006-2009 (795 incident cases) in 5 Spanish regions. Data were obtained from patients' interviews and reviews of primary care and hospital clinical records. Measurements: CRC symptoms, symptom perception, trust in the general practitioner (GP), primary care and hospital examinations/visits before diagnosis, type of referral and tumor characteristics at diagnosis. Symptom Diagnosis Interval (SDI) was calculated as time from first CRC symptoms to date of diagnosis. Symptom Treatment Interval (STI) was defined as time from first CRC symptoms until start of treatment. Nonparametric tests were used to compare SDI and STI according to different variables. Results: Symptom to diagnosis interval for CRC was 128 days and symptom treatment interval was 155. No statistically significant differences were observed between colon and rectum cancers. Women experienced longer intervals than men. Symptom presentation such as vomiting or abdominal pain and the presence of obstruction led to shorter diagnostic or treatment intervals. Time elapsed was also shorter in those patients that perceived their first symptom/s as serious, disclosed it to their acquaintances, contacted emergencies services or had trust in their GPs. Primary care and hospital doctor examinations and investigations appeared to be related to time elapsed to diagnosis or treatment. Conclusions: Results show that gender, symptom perception and help-seeking behaviour are the main patient factors related to interval duration. Health service performance also has a very important role in symptom to diagnosis and treatment interval. If time to diagnosis is to be reduced, interventions and guidelines must be developed to ensure appropriate examination and diagnosis during both primary and hospital care.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI:052273Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI050787Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI050700Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI052692Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI05214

Factors related with symptom duration until diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) survival depends mostly on stage at the time of diagnosis. However, symptom duration at diagnosis or treatment have also been considered as predictors of stage and survival. This study was designed to: 1) establish the distinct time-symptom duration intervals; 2) identify factors associated with symptom duration until diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of all incident cases of symptomatic CRC during 2006–2009 (795 incident cases) in 5 Spanish regions. Data were obtained from patients’ interviews and reviews of primary care and hospital clinical records. Measurements: CRC symptoms, symptom perception, trust in the general practitioner (GP), primary care and hospital examinations/visits before diagnosis, type of referral and tumor characteristics at diagnosis. Symptom Diagnosis Interval (SDI) was calculated as time from first CRC symptoms to date of diagnosis. Symptom Treatment Interval (STI) was defined as time from first CRC symptoms until start of treatment. Nonparametric tests were used to compare SDI and STI according to different variables. RESULTS: Symptom to diagnosis interval for CRC was 128 days and symptom treatment interval was 155. No statistically significant differences were observed between colon and rectum cancers. Women experienced longer intervals than men. Symptom presentation such as vomiting or abdominal pain and the presence of obstruction led to shorter diagnostic or treatment intervals. Time elapsed was also shorter in those patients that perceived their first symptom/s as serious, disclosed it to their acquaintances, contacted emergencies services or had trust in their GPs. Primary care and hospital doctor examinations and investigations appeared to be related to time elapsed to diagnosis or treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that gender, symptom perception and help-seeking behaviour are the main patient factors related to interval duration. Health service performance also has a very important role in symptom to diagnosis and treatment interval. If time to diagnosis is to be reduced, interventions and guidelines must be developed to ensure appropriate examination and diagnosis during both primary and hospital care

Validation of UVEDAI: An Index for Evaluating the Level of Inflammatory Activity in Uveitis

Introduction Uveitis is the inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, the uvea, and is a major cause of blindness. None of the instruments used in clinical practice are, in themselves, sufficient to evaluate the course of uveitis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop instruments enabling standardized measurement of inflammatory activity. We developed a composite disease activity index for patients with uveitis known as UVEDAI, which considers the overall activity of the eye. The objective of this study was to validate the composite index of ocular inflammation, UVEDAI. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study involving eight Spanish tertiary hospitals. Sixty-two patients aged ≥ 18 years with acute uveitis were recruited. Participants gave informed consent before participating in the study. A full ophthalmological examination was performed by two ophthalmologists to determine inflammatory activity: one used the UVEDAI score and the other used clinical judgment. The ophthalmologists did not share their findings with each other to avoid introducing bias into the analysis. Construct validity was established by means of factor analysis. The criterion validity of the index was determined using an ordinal multivariate regression model, in which the dependent variable was the degree of uveal inflammation (mild, moderate, or high/severe). Cut-off points were determined for the UVEDAI and for the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Sixty-two patients were included. Total variance with the three components accounted for 80.32% of the construct validity. Each of the three components identified one type of eye involvement. The discriminatory capacity of UVEDAI was 0.867 (95% CI 0.778; 0.955 p < 0.001) for mild versus moderate–high and 0.946 (95% CI 0.879; 1.000 p < 0.001) for high versus mild–moderate. Conclusions The variables included in UVEDAI enable ocular inflammatory activity to be described with a high degree of accuracy. The index may be used to evaluate and classify this activity with considerable discriminatory power.We would like to acknowledge the support of Abbvie: this study was conducted with an unrestricted grant from Abbvie. The Spanish Society of Rheumatology is the sponser and funder of this study and the journal's Rapid Service Fee, and has participated in the study design; in the analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. The corresponding author had full access to all study data and had final responsibility for the decision to submit the manuscript for publication

Diagnosis delay and follow-up strategies in colorectal cancer. Prognosis implications: a study protocol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Controversy exists with regard to the impact that the different components of diagnosis delay may have on the degree of invasion and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. The follow-up strategies after treatment also vary considerably. The aims of this study are: a) to determine if the symptoms-to-diagnosis interval and the treatment delay modify the survival of patients with colorectal cancer, and b) to determine if different follow-up strategies are associated with a higher survival rate.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>Multi-centre study with prospective follow-up in five regions in Spain (Galicia, Balearic Islands, Catalonia, Aragón and Valencia) during the period 2010-2012. Incident cases are included with anatomopathological confirmation of colorectal cancer (International Classification of Diseases 9th revision codes 153-154) that formed a part of a previous study (n = 953).</p> <p>At the time of diagnosis, each patient was given a structured interview. Their clinical records will be reviewed during the follow-up period in order to obtain information on the explorations and tests carried out after treatment, and the progress of these patients.</p> <p>Symptoms-to-diagnosis interval is defined as the time calculated from the diagnosis of cancer and the first symptoms attributed to cancer. Treatment delay is defined as the time elapsed between diagnosis and treatment. In non-metastatic patients treated with curative intention, information will be obtained during the follow-up period on consultations performed in the digestive, surgery and oncology departments, as well as the endoscopies, tumour markers and imaging procedures carried out.</p> <p>Local recurrence, development of metastases in the follow-up, appearance of a new tumour and mortality will be included as outcome variables.</p> <p>Actuarial survival analysis with Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression and competitive risk survival analysis will be performed.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This study will make it possible to verify if the different components of delay have an impact on survival rate in colon cancer and rectal cancer. In consequence, this multi-centre study will be able to detect the variability present in the follow-up of patients with colorectal cancer, and if this variability modifies the prognosis. Ideally, this study could determine which follow-up strategies are associated with a better prognosis in colorectal cancer.</p