Lama guanicoe remains from the Chaco ecoregion (Córdoba, Argentina): An osteological approach to the characterization of a relict wild population

Guanacos (Lama guanicoe) are large ungulates that have been valued by human populations in South America since the Late Pleistocene. Even though they were very abundant until the end of the 19th century (before the high deforestation rate of the last decades), guanacos have nearly disappeared in the Gran Chaco ecoregion, with relicts and isolated populations surviving in some areas, such as the shrubland area near the saline depressions of Córdoba province, Argentina. In this report, we present the first data from a locally endangered guanaco wild population, through the study of skeletal remains recovered in La Providencia ranch. Our results showed that most of the elements belonged to adults aged between 36 and 96 months; sex evaluation showed similar numbers of males and females. Statistical analysis of the body size of modern samples from Córdoba demonstrated that guanacos from the Chaco had large dimensions and presented lower size variability than the modern and archaeological specimens in our database. Moreover, they exhibited dimensions similar to those of modern guanacos from Patagonia and San Juan, and to archaeological specimens from Ongamira and Cerro Colorado, although further genetic studies are needed to corroborate a possible phylogenetic relationship. Finally, we used archaeozoological techniques to provide a first characterization of a relict guanaco population from the Chaco ecoregion, demonstrating its value to the study of modern skeletal remains and species conservation biology.Fil: Silva Ferreira Da Costa, Thiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Barri, Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

A trajetória de uma medida para clima escolar “senso de segurança” na rede estadual de São Paulo entre 2008-2013 e 2018- 2019: uma análise do clima escolar pela percepção dos estudantes dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental e 3ª série do Ensino Médio

-Este artigo tem por objetivo elaborar uma medida para o clima escolar “senso de segurança” para a Rede de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo, a partir dos dados divulgados dos questionários entre 2008 a 2013 e 2018 a 2019. A elaboração desta medida exigiu que fossem feitas análises de dimensionalidade através da Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e uma Análise Fatorial de Informação Completa (AFIC), utilizando para esse fim, a Teoria da Resposta ao Item (TRI). Para a constituição da medida, o modelo de Samejima da TRI através do pacote mirt da linguagem R foi utilizado, além da função para análise de múltiplos grupos envolvendo todos os anos de aplicação. Com a definição da medida, as categorias foram ancoradas, possibilitando a interpretação pedagógica da escala. Estes procedimentos possibilitaram que a trajetória da medida do clima escolar “senso de segurança” fosse constituída e interpretada

Co-exposure of the organic nanomaterial fullerene C60 with benzo[a]pyrene in Danio rerio (zebrafish) hepatocytes: Evidence of toxicological interactions

Compounds from the nanotechnology industry, such as carbon-based nanomaterials, are strong candidates to contaminate aquatic environments because their production and disposal have exponentially grown in a few years. Previous evidence shows that fullerene C60, a carbon nanomaterial, can facilitate the intake of metals or PAHs both in vivo and in vitro, potentially amplifying the deleterious effects of these toxicants in organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the effects of fullerene C60 in a Danio rerio (zebrafish) hepatocyte cell lineage exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in terms of cell viability, oxidative stress parameters and BaP intracellular accumulation. Additionally, a computational docking was performed to investigate the interaction of the fullerene C60 molecule with the detoxificatory and antioxidant enzyme πGST. Fullerene C60 provoked a significant (p 0.05) alter the enzyme activity when added to GST purified extracts from the zebrafish hepatocyte cells. These results show that fullerene C60 can increase the intake of BaP into the cells, decreasing cell viability and impairing the detoxificatory response by phase II enzymes, such as GST, and this latter effect should be occurring at the transcriptional level.Fil: Ribas Ferreira, Josencler L.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Lonné, María Noelia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: França, Thiago A.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Maximilla, Naiana R.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Lugokenski, Thiago H.. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Departamento de Química; BrasilFil: Costa, Patrícia G.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Fillmann, Gilberto. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Soares, Félix A.. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Departamento de Química; BrasilFil: de la Torre, Fernando Roman. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Luján. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Monserrat, José María. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasil. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Nanomateriais de Carbono; Brasi

Apresentação: Três décadas de Enap e de Escolas de Governo

Este número da Revista do Serviço Público (RSP) é uma edição especial do periódico realizada em parceria com a Sociedade Brasileira de Administração Pública (SBAP)1, cuja chamada pública, lançada em 2016, referia-se então aos “30 anos de Enap, 30 anos de escolas de governo e 30 anos de formação continuada em administração pública” no Brasil, em comemoração às três décadas de criação da Escola Nacional de Administração Pública (Enap).Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 70, ed. especial, p. 1-9Educação e DocênciaGestão PúblicaNúmero Especial: Três Décadas de Enap e de Escolas de GovernoISSN Eletrônico: 2357-8017ISSN Impresso: 0034-924

CHANGES IN SOIL CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND NUTRITION OF Anadenanthera colubrina AND Eucalyptus CLONE UNDER NATURAL FERTILIZERS AND BIOCHAR

This study aimed to evaluate changes in soil chemical attributes and nutrition of Anadenanthera colubrina and a Eucalyptus clone under fertilization using reservoir sediment (RS), fish farming sediment (FFS) and biochar (BC) in the semi-arid region of Brazil. The Eucalyptus clone and A. colubrina leaves and soil were sampled after applying treatments. Leaves were collected for nutritional analysis and soil for mineral and fertility analyses. The K+ and P concentration in the soil were influenced by the natural fertilizers, and the biochar increased the C content. The A. colubrina planting reduced the soil K+ and P levels, and the Eucalyptus clone cultivation reduced the Mg2+ content. The FFS was responsible for increasing P availability in both A. colubrina and the Eucalyptus clone, being a good option for use in soils which are naturally poor in P. A. colubrina presented the highest N, P, K and Ca levels, suggesting high demand of this species for these nutrients. The Eucalyptus clone was more demanding for Mg, suggesting that its cultivation should be done in soils rich in Mg2+. The use of RS and FFS is important to increase the growth of forest species in semi-arid regions, and this management is recommended in the deforestation policies of these regions

First record of Tympanoctomys (Rodentia, Octodontidae) in xeric environments of northwestern Cordoba province, Argentina

El género Tympanoctomys incluye cuatro especies vivientes que habitan estepas arbustivas halófitas del centro-oeste y centro-sur de Argentina. A partir del estudio de restos óseos recuperados de egagrópilas de aves rapaces, documentamos la presencia de este roedor en un sector perisalino del Chaco Seco de Córdoba. Este constituye el primer registro de especímenes representativos de poblaciones actuales del taxón para la provincia, lo que justifica la necesidad de incrementar estudios sobre la diversidad de pequeños mamíferos en la región.The genus Tympanoctomys includes four living species of octodontid rodents that inhabit halophytic shrub steppes of the central-western and south-central of Argentina. Based on the study of bone remains recovered from pellets of birds of prey, we confirmed the presence of this rodent in a perisaline sector of the Dry Chaco of Córdoba. This is the first record of specimens representing current populations of the taxon for the Province, which justifies the need for further studies on the diversity of small mammals in the region.Fil: Mignino, Julian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Museo de Antropología; ArgentinaFil: Manzano García, Jessica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Museo de Antropología; ArgentinaFil: Silva Ferreira Da Costa, Thiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Museo de Antropología; ArgentinaFil: Barri, Fernando Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica. Cátedra de Problemática Ambiental; Argentin

Faunal diversity and potential taphonomic agents in the arid Chaco, Córdoba, Argentina: A preliminary approach with camera traps

El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en identificar las principales especies animales que actúan sobre carcasas de ungulados de gran porte en un área cercana al extremo austral de las Salinas Grandes de Córdoba y su potencial como agentes tafonómicos. Con este fin, se realizaron tres monitoreos con cámaras trampa sobre carcasas de Bos taurus y Lama guanicoe y se completaron 194 días-trampa entre noviembre de 2017 y mayo de 2019. Además, se efectuaron observaciones preliminares sobre desarticulación, dispersión y trazas generadas por distintos agentes tafonómicos sobre las carcasas, a fin de contribuir a nuestro entendimiento sobre los procesos naturales de formación de conjuntos zooarqueológicos en la región. Los monitoreos permitieron registrar 5869 animales e identificar 30 especies. Nuestro registro sugiere que las modificaciones observadas en las carcasas de la región pueden ser producidas por una variedad de animales que excede a los habitualmente considerados en estudios zooarqueológicos. Las especies con mayor potencial de generar modificaciones tafonómicas fueron un mamífero autóctono, Lycalopex griseus, y dos introducidos, Sus scrofa y Canis lupus familiaris. La actividad de L. griseus fue registrada tanto en las etapas iniciales de descomposición como en una carcasa esqueletizada. S. scrofa y C. lupus familiaris se presentaron en las etapas inmediatamente post mortem y fueron los principales responsables de la dispersión y destrucción ósea. Entre las aves, se destaca la presencia de accipitriformes y falconiformes consumiendo las carcasas, pero su potencial para generar trazas detectables en el registro arqueológico es incierto. Por último, se detectó pisoteo por parte de grandes ungulados.The aim of this study was to identify the main animal species that act on carcasses of large ungulates and their potential as taphonomic agents in an area near the southern end of the Salinas Grandes de Córdoba. To this end, three camera-trap surveys were conducted on Bos taurus and Lama guanicoe carcasses, covering 194 trap days between November 2017 and May 2019. In addition, preliminary observations were made of the disarticulation, dispersal, and traces generated by different taphonomic agents acting on the carcasses in order to contribute to the understanding of the natural formation processes of zooarchaeological assemblages in the region. The monitoring recorded 5869 animals and identified 30 species. The data suggested that modifications observed on carcasses in the region may have been produced by a variety of animals that exceeds those usually considered in zooarchaeological studies. The species with the greatest potential to generate taphonomic modifications were the native mammal, Lycalopex griseus, and two introduced mammals, Sus scrofa and Canis lupus familiaris. The activity of L. griseus is notable for having been recorded both in the early stages of decomposition and on a skeletonized carcass. S. scrofa and C. lupus familiaris activity occurred in the immediate post-mortem stages and was mainly responsible for bone dispersal and destruction. Among birds, accipitriformes and falconiformes were recorded consuming the carcasses, but their potential to generate detectable traces in the archaeological record is uncertain. Finally, trampling by large ungulates was recorded.Fil: Weihmüller, María Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Silva Ferreira Da Costa, Thiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Lucila Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Barri, Fernando Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Interactions between the guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and humans in the Gran Chaco: Past and present ethnozoological data from the northwestern province of Córdoba, Argentina

El presente trabajo consiste en un estudio interdisciplinar que indaga diferentes procesos de interacción y apropiación de pobladores rurales hacia la fauna, específicamente en torno al guanaco. El objetivo general, consistió en realizar una caracterización etnozoológica de los conocimientos, los usos y las prácticas socioculturales relacionadas con la especie Lama guanicoe en el pasado y la actualidad de la población del Noroeste de la provincia de Córdoba.A partir de diferentes disciplinas tales como la etnozoología, ecología y arqueología, se obtuvieron datos que permitieron comprender de manera amplia las diferentes formas en que los seres humanos y los guanacos se relacionaron a lo largo del tiempo, fueron considerados tanto los cambios ambientales como los ocurridos en las poblaciones humanas. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semi-estructuradas (n=32) y en profundidad (n=11), las cuales fueron analizadas de manera cualitativa y cuantitativa. Se consideró la relevancia cultural de la fauna de la zona en general a partir de la frecuencia de menciones de acuerdo a los criterios de indagación usados en el estudio (i.e., percepciones en relación a: importancia, conservación y retracción o disminución en la frecuencia de hallazgo y aquellas consideradas para controlar/eliminar). De esta manera se identificaron los criterios asociados al guanaco y por último se discuten diversos aspectos en la significación de la especie de acuerdo a los tipos de valoraciones asignados, entre estos: el reconocimiento, el aprovechamiento por cacería de subsistencia (alimento o medicina), el aprecio del animal por ser considerado "propio del lugar", estéticamente atractivo y las posibles causas de "retroceso" en la presencia de la especie.The present work is an interdisciplinary study that investigates different processes by which rural inhabitants interact with fauna, specifically the guanaco, and appropriate them. The general objective was to carry out an ethnozoological characterization of the knowledge, uses and sociocultural practices related to the Lama guanicoe species according to past and current populations of the northwestern part of the province of Córdoba. From different disciplines such as ethnozoology, ecology and archeology, data was obtained allowing a broad comprehension of different ways in which human beings and guanacos have interacted over time. The changes that have occurred in both the environment and the human populations were considered. Semi-structured (n = 32) and in-depth (n = 12) interviews were conducted and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The cultural relevance of the fauna of the area in general was reviewed, including the frequency of references to them according to the inquiry criteria used in the study (i.e., perceptions in relation to: importance, conservation and retraction or decrease in the frequency of the occurrences and those thought in terms of control/elimination). In this way, the criteria associated with the guanaco were identified and, ultimately, various aspects of the significance of the species are discussed according to the types of valuations assigned to them: recognition, use for subsistence hunting (for food or medicine), and appreciation of the animal as “characteristic of the place” and aesthetically attractive. The possible causes of “decline” in the presence of the species are additionally discussed.Fil: Manzano García, Jessica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Silva Ferreira Da Costa, Thiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Barri, Fernando Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Weihmüller, María Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentin

AVALIANDO O PRONATEC NO IFPB: UM ESTUDO SOBRE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO

Ciente da necessidade de avaliar as políticas públicas, este artigo buscou proceder na avaliação da implementação do (PRONATEC) Programa de Acesso ao Ensino Técnico e Emprego, criado pelo Ministério da Educação, executado no (IFPB) Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba. A execução do trabalho foi desenhada a partir do modelo teórico de avaliação de implementação de políticas públicas desenvolvido por Draibe (2001), a qual avalia através de parâmetros obtidos a partir de uma separação metodológica em sistemas e processos de execução do programa, tendo como universo os gestores das coordenações adjuntas do programa no campus João Pessoa e do campus Guarabira. Após a análise, foram evidenciados como eficientes os sistemas e processos executados pelo programa no âmbito do IFPB. Dentre os principais resultados, tem-se um excelente índice de execução das matrículas pactuadas desde sua implantação, outro ponto forte é capacidade financeira do programa, pois o mesmo recebe volumosos recursos. Conclui-se então, que o programa após avaliação dos seus sistemas/subsistemas e processos obtém uma classificação eficiente em termos da sua implementação/execução

Metastatic Peripheral Neuroblastoma in a Dog

Background: Peripheral neuroblast neoplasms are considered as a group of tumors derived from primitive cells of the neural crest that are progenitors of the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla. Reports of neuroblastoma in dogs are scarce in English literature, and there are no reports from Brazil due to its rare occurrence or missed diagnosis, because modern techniques are often not accessible in Brazil. The aim of the present study was reported a case of metastatic peripheral neuroblastoma in a 10-month-old bitch of Canadian Shepherd breed, attended at the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (HVPA-UFRRJ).Case: A 10-month-old female dog, Canadian Shepherd breed, presenting prostration, inappetence, emesis, progressive weight loss, and difficulties in the locomotion of the pelvic limbs was brought to the Small Animal Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (HVPA / UFRRJ) for treatment. Palpation of the abdominal cavity revealed a mass of approximately 14.0 cm diameter in the thoracolumbar region. After the second visit to HVPA/ UFRRJ, there was worsening of the clinical condition and onset of pain and dyspnea; hence, euthanasia was performed. The dog was referred for necropsy; the examination revealed a mass measuring 40.0 × 35.0 cm in the abdominal cavity that caused displacement of the intestines and compressed the liver against the diaphragm, as well as another mass that traversed the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus and surrounded the esophagus, aorta, and caudal vena cava. The right adrenal gland was compressed and adhered to the mass, and the left adrenal gland was not visualized. Specimens of various organs were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and processed according to routine histological technique. Immunohistochemical examination performed on mass specimens revealed positivity for the anti-CD56, anti-synaptophysin, anti-GFAP, and anti-NSE markers and negativity for the anti-chromogranin and anti-Olig2 markers. Based on pathology and immunohistochemistry findings, a diagnosis of poorly differentiated peripheral neuroblastoma was made; in addition, presence of emboli of neoplastic cells in the hepatic sinusoids and branches of the portal vein and metastasis in the spleen, lymph nodes, lung, and meninges were confirmed.Discussion: Positive results for neural markers associated with negative results for those of other small round cell tumors was considered to indicate the presence of neuroblast tumors; glioblastoma and oligodendroglioma were ruled out based on the absence of anti-Olig2 labeling, and, especially, the possibility of occurrence of pheochromocytoma was excluded based on the absence of anti-chromogranin. During necropsy, the location of the mass at the retroperitoneal space near the thoracolumbar junction, craniomedially in relation to the left kidney, was confirmed, which is compatible with the location of the adrenal gland. Metastasis in the dura mater was determined to be present based on necropsy findings alone, and neoplastic invasion through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm of a large part of the thoracic cavity was observed, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been described in reports of veterinary medicine. The high rate of tumor growth and compression and invasion of adjacent tissues and organs may be considered as potential factors for unfavorable prognosis of peripheral neuroblastoma