THE PROBLEMS AND GAPS OF THE LAW OF GENDER VIOLENCE IN SPAIN

Rakstā analizēta dzimuma līdztiesību nodrošināšanas problemātika Spānijas tiesās, skatot lietas par vardarbību ģimenē. Autors uzskata, ka 2004. gadā pieņemtais likums par vardarbības novēršanu ģimenē lielākā mērā aizsargā sieviešu tiesības, savukārt likuma robu rezultātā vīriešu tiesības analoģiskās situācijās tiek mazāk aizsargātas. Minētā disproporcija it sevišķi reljefi izpaužas krimināltiesisko attiecību noregulējumā. Civiltiesisko attiecību noregulējumā minētā disproporcija vērojama mazāk.Spānijas Konstitucionālā tiesa tās nolēmumos meklē taisnīgus risinājumus lietu par vardarbību ģimenē izskatīšanā

Effectiveness of Diet Habits and Active Life in Vocational Training for Higher Technician in Dietetics: Contrast between the Traditional Method and the Digital Resources

Vocational training of students in diet habits and active lifestyle habits has recently become an important issue, given the health problems caused as a result of a poor diet. The objective of this study is to analyze the e ectiveness of di erent training actions (traditional method and digital resources) carried out in a program of dietary habits and active lifestyle at the vocational training stage. A quasi-experimental design of the pre-post type was developed. A sample of 177 participants was chosen. The instrument to collect the data was the validated ECHAES questionnaire. The results show that all study groups demonstrated similar averages across all dimensions, except in the digital resource post-test design, where the averages were higher than the rest. There was a significant relationship between the traditional teaching method and the post-test digital resources design in all dimensions. There was also a significant relationship between the pre-test and post-test of the traditional teaching method and the digital resource group in the dimensions. It can be concluded that both the traditional and the innovative method lead to learning in the vocational training student, although the values achieved by the group where the innovative method was adopted were much higher than in the traditional group.University of Granada (Spain) CNT-431

Scientific Development of Educational Artificial Intelligence in Web of Science

This research was funded by I+D+i OTRI-Universidad de Granada CNT-4315. Metodologias activas para el aprendizaje mediante recursos tecnologicos para el desarrollo de la sociedad.The social and technological changes that society is undergoing in this century are having a global influence on important aspects such as the economy, health and education. An example of this is the inclusion of artificial intelligence in the teaching–learning processes. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance and the projection that artificial intelligence has acquired in the scientific literature in the Web of Science categories related to the field of education. For this, scientific mapping of the reported documents was carried out. Different bibliometric indicators were analyzed and a word analysis was carried out. We worked with an analysis unit of 379 publications. The results show that scientific production is irregular from its beginnings in 1956 to the present. The language of greatest development is English. The most significant publication area is Education Educational Research, with conference papers as document types. The underlying organization is the Open University UK. It can be concluded that there is an evolution in artificial intelligence (AI) research in the educational field, focusing in the last years on the performance and influence of AI in the educational processes.I+D+i OTRI-Universidad de Granada CNT-431

Management of estuarine beaches on the Amazon coast though the application of recreational carrying capacity indices

The purpose of this paper is to determine the Recreational Carrying Capacity of three estuarine beaches (Colares, Marudá and Murubira) on the Amazon coast of Brazil, based on the combined assessment of natural conditions and visitor facilities. In the final analysis, the carrying capacity of Colares beach was estimated to be 1089 visitors per day, and that of Murubira beach, 238 visitors per day. At Marudá beach, however, the inadequate quality of the water resulted in an RCC of zero, indicating that the beach should not be visited for recreational use. The results of this study may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for the development of future state and municipal coastal management programs. We believe that the procedures adopted in this study are applicable to other estuarine beaches on the Amazon coast, as well as in other estuarine beaches elsewhere with similar natural characteristics.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Posibles actuaciones psicológicas para reducir la conducción bajo los efectos del alcohol y viabilidad de su aplicación en España

María Teresa Cortés Tomás. Departamento de Psicología Básica. Facultad de Psicología. UV E-mail: [email protected] recientes modificaciones en la legislación sobre Tráfico y Seguridad Vial (Ley 19/2001) reflejan la necesidad de clarificar los posibles procedimientos a realizar con los conductores sancionados por conducir bajo la influencia del alcohol. Tras verificar la reducida efectividad de las medidas aplicadas en España y revisar las actuaciones realizadas en otros países, destacamos los programas educativos y terapéuticos por ser las intervenciones más estructuradas y con resultados más favorables. En este trabajo, presentamos una descripción de estos programas así como una serie de recomendaciones sobre la mejor manera de insertarlos en nuestra legislación. Entre las directrices que probablemente contribuirán a mejorar la efectividad de estas intervenciones destacamos, por ejemplo, su aplicación inmediata tras la infracción cometida, una vez agrupados los participantes en función de su patrón de consumo y de su estilo de vida. Esto nos lleva a proponer los programas educativos, más centrados en la conducción, para aquellos infractores con menor problemática de consumo y los programas terapéuticos para los infractores dependientes. Si bien, insistimos en la necesidad de no disponer de programas cerrados sino de adaptar la intervención a las necesidades de los asistentes. Asimismo, destacamos la importancia de contar con monitores especializados en temas de tráfico y con conocimientos básicos sobre adicciones como responsables de los programas educativos, y con profesionales especializados en adicciones que trabajen en coordinación con los centros asistenciales convencionales, de modo que el infractor reciba un tratamiento bio-psico-social junto con el programa terapéutico. En ningún caso se considera que el programa terapéutico sea suficiente para evitar la reincidencia.Recent modifications to the legislation on Traffic and Road Safety (Act 19/2001) reflect the necessity of clarifying the possible procedures to be followed when dealing with drivers penalised for driving under the influence of alcohol. After verifying the limited efficacy of the measures applied in Spain, and after reviewing actions in other countries, we highlight educational and therapeutic programmes as being the most structured and having the most favourable results. In this work, we present a description of these programmes as well as a number of recommendations on the best way of inserting them in our legislation. Among the guidelines that would probably contribute to improving the efficacy of these interventions, we highlight, for example, their immediate application following an infringement, once the participants are grouped in accordance with their consumption pattern and lifestyle. This leads us to propose educational programmes, based more on safe driving, for those offenders with minor consumption problems, and therapeutic programmes for alcohol-dependent offenders. Even so, we stress the need for not being restricted to closed programmes but to adjust interventions in accordance with the needs of those concerned. In addition, we stress the importance of having instructors specialising in road safety matters and with basic knowledge of addictions as the ones responsible for the educational programmes, and with specialized professionals in addiction to coordinate work with the conventional treatment centres, in such a way that the offender receives a bio-psycho-social treatment together with the therapeutic programme. In no case is the therapeutic programme considered to be sufficient, on its own, in preventing a repeat of the offence

Perception of Health Care Workers Regarding Ludic Activities in Pediatric Hospitals

Infant hospitalization is a difficult process for a developing child because it is related to a series of losses and trauma. In this sense, ludic treatment contributes to ease hospital permanence, thus favoring child development and, in certain aspects, even the cure. The sense of life finitude afflicts the child, the family, and those that accompany it during hospitalization. In this context, the perceptions of workers composing the multidisciplinary health care team regarding the application of ludic activities in pediatric public hospitals in São Luís/MA were investigated. Therefore, a descriptive exploratory research was carried out in two hospitals that had a pediatric treatment macrostructure within their functional dependencies with all medical and complementary specialties available for the infant public, thus comprising a multidisciplinary health team. Participants comprised 8 workers (2 doctors, 2 nurses, 2 psychologists and 2 occupational therapists), including 6 women and 2 men with an average of 6 years of professional experience in pediatric hospitals. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results indicated that ludic activities are relevant for children socialization and integration in the hospitalization reality. The health care workers from the multidisciplinary health team emphasize that ludic such activities in pediatric hospitals contribute to the child’s health recovery and therefore to the pathology treatment

An Ever-Shadowed Past? Citizens’ Attitudes towards the Dictatorship in Twenty-First Century Portugal

Several years after the transition to democracy, positive attitudes towards the authoritarian past are still observable in Portugal: the belief that the previous regime had more good things than bad things is expressed by about one-fifth  of the Portuguese. What explains this nostalgic sentiment? Are factors such as socialisation under the regime, party identification or religiosity more important than satisfaction with democracy and the state of the economy? The empirical analysis suggests that the relevance of these factors varies considerably, but socialisation phases lead to different stances on the past both in routine times and in times of economic crisis

Usability and design for augmented reality learning interfaces

[Resumen]: El objetivo de esta investigación es la de determinar los elementos, componentes y factores que resultan clave a la hora de diseñar interfaces interactivas para entornos de realidad aumentada, centrándose de forma particular en el desarrollo de ambientes virtuales para aplicaciones educativas. El artículo es el resultado del estudio de usabilidad con eyetracking de dos interfaces de aplicaciones de realidad aumentada realizadas para entornos naturales no táctiles, de contenido educativo, y diseñados para estudiantes de entre 12 y 15 años. La finalidad es detectar los elementos interactivos y de menús a los que el usuario accede sin dificultad y sus patrones de navegación, así como aquellos botones e iconos que tienen una mejor visualización frente a otros que plantean problemas en su uso. De los resultados de la investigación se deduce que las aplicaciones desarrolladas para entornos no táctiles resultan, en general, agotadoras para el usuario, dado el tiempo que han de permanecer con las manos en alto. Se ven limitadas también por el espacio físico en el que el estudiante interactúa con ellas y, sobre todo, han de diseñarse como tareas educativas, en lugar de como simples espacios de ocio para el alumno, ya que una navegación totalmente abierta afecta de forma negativa al tiempo de navegación sobre la misma.[Abstract]: The aim of the paper is to determine the elements, components and key facts to design interactive interfaces for augmented reality environments, focusing on the design and development of virtual worlds for educational applications.The article focuses on the usability study of three augmented reality applications interfaces developed for non touchable natural environments. The aim is to determine the menu and interactive items the user accesses without difficulty and also their navigation patterns. The most viewed elements and the ones that can´t be seen by the user, generating problems of navigation and usability, are analyzed too. The research results indicate that applications developed for non-touch environments can be stressful for the user, especially because of the time they spend with their hands up. The space around the student is also important for the learning process, and all the applications must be designed with some educational, rather than leisure tasks, or a fully open navigation

Intensification strategies for thermal H2O2-based advanced oxidation processes: Current trends and future perspectives

H2O2-based advanced oxidation technologies, commonly Fenton process or Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation (CWPO), have been widely studied and applied over the past decades for wastewater treatment due to their ability to generate highly oxidizing species, HO• and HOO• radicals, along with a low selectivity which allow the degradation of a wide range of pollutants . Nonetheless, these technologies present some limitations. In the case of Fenton, the requirement of acidic media (pH: 3), the loss of catalyst at the end of reaction because it is dissolved, and the catalyst inactivation caused by certain reaction intermediates (i.e. oxalic acid) that forms complexes compromising its efficiency. For CWPO, the main drawbacks in this heterogeneous process are mainly associated to the relative low activity and stability of the catalysts employed. All these shortcomings can be solved through process intensification, which generally involves in Fenton and CWPO increasing the temperature or the application of an external radiation, being the most interesting ones UV–vis radiation (photo-assisted technologies), and microwave radiation, which inherently presents the advantages of working at high temperature. This paper gathers the most recent advances explored in thermal-intensified H2O2–based advanced oxidation technologies, summarizing the main results obtained for each intensification strategy and outlining where future efforts should be focuse

Associação entre potássio sérico na admissão hospitalar e letalidade da leptospirose em homens

Severe leptospirosis affects predominantly males and presents a high susceptibility to hypokalemic acute renal failure. As hypokalemia and hyperkalemia induce severe complications, it is important to evaluate if the initial serum potassium is an independent risk factor for death in leptospirosis. The medical records of 1016 patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of leptospirosis were reviewed. The analysis was restricted to 442, according to the following criteria: male, 18 years or older, information about death or hospital discharge and recorded values of serum potassium, serum creatinine and duration of symptoms at admission. Potassium values lower than 3.5 mEq/L (hypoK), 3.5-5 mEq/L (normoK) and above 5 mEq/L (hyperK) were detected in 180, 245 and 17 patients, respectively. The death rate increased with serum potassium: 11.1% in the hypoK, 14.7% in the normoK and 47.1% in the hyperK group (p = 0.002). In a logistic regression model (normoK as referent), including age, creatinine and duration of symptoms, hypoK was not associated with increased death rate (odds ratio (OR) = 0.80; p >; 0.1). On the other hand, hyperK showed a significant association with increased risk of death (OR = 3.95, p = 0.021). In conclusion, in this sample of men with leptospirosis initial serum potassium was positively and independently correlated with the risk of in-hospital death.Leptospirose grave afeta predominantemente os homens e apresenta alta susceptibilidade para insuficiência renal aguda com hipocalemia. Como hipocalemia e hipercalemia induzem complicações graves, é importante avaliar se o potássio sérico é um independente fator de risco de morte na leptospirose. Foram revistos os prontuários de 1016 pacientes internados com o diagnóstico de leptospirose. A análise foi restrita a 442, obedecendo os seguintes critérios: sexo masculino, idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, informação sobre morte ou alta hospitalar e registro dos valores do potássio sérico, da creatinina sérica e da duração dos sintomas. Valores de potássio menor do que 3,5 mEq/l (hipoK), 3,5-5 mEq/L (normoK) e superior a 5 mEq/L (hiperK) foram detectados em 180, 245 e 17 pacientes, respectivamente. A mortalidade aumentou com a elevação do potássio: 11,1% no grupo hipoK, 14,7% no normoK e 47,1% no hiperK (p = 0,002). Em um modelo de regressão logística (normoK como referência), incluindo idade, creatinina e duração de sintomas, hipoK não se associou com aumento da mortalidade (odds ratio (OR) = 0,72; p >; 0,1). Contrariamente, hiperK foi significantemente associado com risco aumentado de morte (OR = 3,95; p = 0,021). Em conclusão, nesta amostra de homens com leptospirose o potássio sérico inicial foi positivamente e independentemente correlacionado com risco de morte hospitalar