Doses de calcário nos atributos químicos de solo de várzea do sul do Tocantins

The low fertility of Cerrado soils is a limiting factor for root development for the main plants cultivated for agricultural production, promoting low productivity ha-1. The objective was to evaluate the effects of applied doses of Calcium Carbonate PA, in a dystrophic Tb Melanic Gleissolo from lowland plains in the south of the State of Tocantins. To understand the development of the fertility effect of nutrients such as Ca, Ca+Mg, P, Mg, and K and to verification of the pH reaction and Al and Fe. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Gurupi (TO), in the experimental area of the Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi campus, being conducted in randomized blocks with five doses of CaCO3 (0; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 t ha-1), with six repetitions of 5 dm³ of soil. Every 7 days, evaluations were carried out in the laboratory of the pH level in the water, Al, and Fe, verifying the main macronutrients. It was verified that the correction of the soil by limestone favored the elevation of the pH, decreasing the contents of Al and Fe, and increasing the contents of P, K, Ca, and Mg, Ca+Mg in lowland soil.A baixa fertilidade dos solos do Cerrados é fator limitante ao desenvolvimento radicular para as principais plantas cultivadas para produção agropecuaria, promovendo baixa produtividade ha¹. O objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos de doses empregadas de Carbonato de Cálcio PA, em um Gleissolo Melânico Tb distrófico de várzea do Sul do Estado do Tocantins. Com intuito de compreender o desenvolvimento do efeito da fertilidadade dos nutrientes como: Ca, Ca+Mg, P, Mg, K e verificação da reação de pH e Al e Fe. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Gurupi (TO), na área experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, campus de Gurupi, sendo conduzido em blocos casualizado com cincos doses de CaCO3 (0; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 e 6,0 t ha-1), com seis repetições de 5 dm³ de solo. A cada 7 dias foram realizadas avaliações em laboratório do nível do pH em água, Al e Fe, verificando, também, os principais macronutriens. Verificou-se que a correção do solo por calcário favoreceu a elevação do pH, diminuindo os teores de Al e Fe, e aumentando os teores de P, K, Ca e Mg, Ca+Mg em solo de várzea

Potencialidades da Eichhornia azurea (aguapé) na remoção do corante têxtil turquesa remazol em meio aquoso: Estudo dos mecanismos cinéticos de adsorção / Potentialities of Eichhornia azurea (water hyacinth) in the removal of the turquoise textile dye remazol in aqueous medium: Study of the kinetic mechanisms of adsorption

Um dos principais problemas ambientais na atualidade consiste no lançamento de efluentes têxteis em águas naturais. Os corantes têxteis são compostos indesejáveis no meio ambiente devido a difícil degradação, elevada DBO e DQO, caráter bioacumulativo além de toxidade aguda e crônica na biota. Neste trabalho a Eichornia azurea (raiz, caule e folha) in natura foi utilizada como adsorvente para a remoção do corante têxtil turquesa remazol em meio aquoso. Os adsorventes foram triturados, submetido a diversas lavagens com água destilada, secado e peneirado obtendo uma granulométrica entre 50 – 200 µm. Ensaios de adsorção foram realizados utilizando a técnica de batelada. As concentrações das soluções dos corantes foram determinadas por espectrofotometria no UV-visível em 625 nm. Estudos de influência do pH e determinação do pHzpc demonstraram uma melhor eficiência de remoção do corante em pH 1,0 para as três matrizes adsorventes. O pHzpc pôde ser estimado em 4,5, 5,0 e 4,6 para raiz, caule e folha, respectivamente. As cinéticas de adsorção demonstraram um mecanismo de segunda-ordem evidenciando que a adsorção do turquesa remazol é dependente tanto da concentração do adsorvente quanto da concentração dos adsorvatos. Estudos de difusão intraparticula demonstraram que este não é o único mecanismo predominante nas adsorções. As quantidades removidas de corante pelos bioadsorventes de aguapé foram superiores à 96 % sendo possível recuperar em média 20 % desta quantidade via mecanismo de adsorção. Conclui-se, portanto, que os bioadsorventes de aguapé possuem um grande potencial na remoção de corantes têxteis em efluentes industriais

Predation Stress Causes Excessive Aggression in Female Mice with Partial Genetic Inactivation of Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2: Evidence for Altered Myelination-Related Processes

The interaction between brain serotonin (5-HT) deficiency and environmental adversity may predispose females to excessive aggression. Specifically, complete inactivation of the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2) results in the absence of neuronal 5-HT synthesis and excessive aggressiveness in both male and female null mutant (Tph2-/-) mice. In heterozygous male mice (Tph2+/-), there is a moderate reduction in brain 5-HT levels, and when they are exposed to stress, they exhibit increased aggression. Here, we exposed female Tph2+/- mice to a five-day rat predation stress paradigm and assessed their emotionality and social interaction/aggression-like behaviors. Tph2+/- females exhibited excessive aggression and increased dominant behavior. Stressed mutants displayed altered gene expression of the 5-HT receptors Htr1a and Htr2a, glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β), and c-fos as well as myelination-related transcripts in the prefrontal cortex: myelin basic protein (Mbp), proteolipid protein 1 (Plp1), myelin-associated glycoprotein (Mag), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (Mog). The expression of the plasticity markers synaptophysin (Syp) and cAMP response element binding protein (Creb), but not AMPA receptor subunit A2 (GluA2), were affected by genotype. Moreover, in a separate experiment, naïve female Tph2+/- mice showed signs of enhanced stress resilience in the modified swim test with repeated swimming sessions. Taken together, the combination of a moderate reduction in brain 5-HT with environmental challenges results in behavioral changes in female mice that resemble the aggression-related behavior and resilience seen in stressed male mutants; additionally, the combination is comparable to the phenotype of null mutants lacking neuronal 5-HT. Changes in myelination-associated processes are suspected to underpin the molecular mechanisms leading to aggressive behavior. Keywords: 5-HT receptors; female aggression; glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β); myelination; predation stress; tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2)

Usage of soil in the upper course of the Lontra river in Tocantins

O monitoramento dos recursos naturais tem sido discutido em projetos de integração e análise de dados de natureza diversa, sendo identificados diferentes usos e ocupações do solo. Neste sentido as técnicas de geoprocessamento têm ganhado destaque como ferramenta de análise do uso e ocupação do solo, potencializando o planejamento das atividades a serem desenvolvidas em bacias hidrográficas, considerando a aptidão dos recursos disponíveis e as adequações por meio de gerenciamento agroambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características da rede de drenagem do alto curso do Rio Lontra, município de Araguaína (TO), mostrando os seus diferentes usos e ocupações do solo. Para o desenvolvimento dos mapas, foram utilizadas cartas imagens de satélite Landsat 8, sensor OLI, composição RGB das bandas 764, bem como ferramentas de geoprocessamento, manuseadas em plataformas do SIG e datum SIRGAS2000. Assim, foi constatado que a área de estudo possui uma rede de drenagem característica de cursos perenes, com perfil longitudinal e classificada como de 3ª ordem. Além disso, as APP’s dos corpos hídricos, até 2015, sofreram uma supressão de vegetação 8,7 ha e a atividade de uso do solo mais predominante na área é a silvicultura de eucalipto.Water resources monitoring is a discussing in integration projects and data analysis by different ways, identifying different land uses and occupations. In this sense, geoprocessing techniques gained highlight as a tool for land use and occupation analysis, enhancing activities planning developed in watersheds, considering suitability of available resources and adaptations through agri-environmental management. The objective of this study was to delimit and quantify drainage area of upper course belonging to Lontra river watershed, located in Araguaína-TO, Brazil, considering the limits by the Brazilian Forest Code, and sampling different uses and occupations of land and drainage area conditions and permanent preservation areas (APP). The maps was made by images from Landsat 8 satellite, OLI sensor, 764 band RGB composition and Google Earth images using geoprocessing tools, handled on GIS ArcGIS 10.0 and SIRGAS2000 datum platforms. 23 points were found with alteration in native vegetation cover inside APPs and water source, causing environmental problems, such as erosion processes, siltation, consequently decreasing water volume inside watershed

Promoção de Saúde em Educação em Doenças Tropicais e Parasitarias em Belém, Pará / Health Promotion in Education in Tropical and Parasitic Diseases in Belém, Pará

Introdução: As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias ainda apresentam grande importância à saúde pública no Brasil, principalmente em estados das regiões Norte e Nordeste, nos quais persistem precárias condições de vida. O presente trabalho objetiva descrever o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical da Universidade Federal do Pará. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal realizado no Ambulatório do Núcleo de Medicina Tropical mediante palestras educativas. Teve como público-alvo indivíduos com idade a partir de 18 anos, sendo selecionados 56 questionários tendo como critérios de inclusão o desejo de participar da pesquisa, explícito mediante assinatura de TCLE, e como critérios de exclusão, indivíduos que se recusaram a assinar o TCLE. Resultados: Foram respondidos 56 questionários sociodemográficos. Em relação a variável idade, têm-se que a média das idades dos participantes os quais optaram por informar foi de 44,21 anos. Em relação a escolaridade, 25% possuem apenas o ensino fundamental; 25%, apenas o ensino médio e 26,78%, afirmaram possuírem ensino superior. Sobre a atividade realizada, 87,50% afirmaram que a palestra proporcionou novos conhecimentos e autocuidado; 8,93%, negaram e 3,57% não responderam. Discussão: As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias envolvem diversos aspectos, entre eles enfatiza-se a importância da integração entre formas de aumentar a prevenção e realizar um maior controle da disseminação patógena. É evidente a necessidade de ações que promovam a prevenção e controle das doenças de cunho infeccioso de maneira multisetorial. Conclusão: Nota-se a importância de palestras educacionais de promoção de saúde para transmissão de conhecimento e de novos aprendizados para população, pois o projeto conseguiu repassar com êxito informações básicas e fundamentais de autocuidados em saúde. Diante disso, é fundamental a adoção de mais medidas de educação em saúde para minimizar riscos para sociedade

Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Portuguese-Speaking Countries

Funding Information: National Research Council–CNPq. Process: 159908/2019-1. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Strengthening strategies to improve adherence to the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in key populations constitutes a global health priority to be achieved across countries, especially in countries that share a high flow of people such as Brazil and Portugal. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with adherence to PrEP among MSM from two Portuguese-speaking countries, highlighting the opportunities and preventive strategies for the global health scenario. This was a cross-sectional analytical online survey conducted from January 2020 to May 2021 with MSM in Brazil and Portugal. For analysis of the data, the Poisson regression model was used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) for developing a model to evaluate the associated factors in both countries in a comparative and isolated way. Adherence to PrEP use corresponded to 19.5% (n = 1682) of the overall sample: 18.3% (n = 970) for Brazil and 21.5% (n = 712) for Portugal. Having more than two sex partners in the last 30 days (aPR: 30.87) and routinely undergoing HIV tests (aPR: 26.21) increased the use of this medication. Being an immigrant (PR: 1.36) and knowing the partner’s serological status (PR: 1.28) increased adherence to PrEP in Portugal, whereas, in Brazil, it was being an immigrant (PR: 0.83) and not knowing the serological status (PR: 2.24) that promoted the use of this medication. Our findings reinforce the need to invest in programs and strategies to improve access and adherence to PrEP, especially in key populations.publishersversionpublishe

Amblyomma sculptum Salivary PGE2 Modulates the Dendritic Cell-Rickettsia rickettsii Interactions in vitro and in vivo

Amblyomma sculptum is an important vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever and the most lethal tick-borne pathogen affecting humans. To feed on the vertebrate host's blood, A. sculptum secretes a salivary mixture, which may interact with skin resident dendritic cells (DCs) and modulate their function. The present work was aimed at depicting the A. sculptum saliva-host DC network and the biochemical nature of the immunomodulatory component(s) involved in this interface. A. sculptum saliva inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines by murine DCs stimulated with LPS. The fractionation of the low molecular weight salivary content by reversed-phase chromatography revealed active fractions eluting from 49 to 55% of the acetonitrile gradient. Previous studies suggested that this pattern of elution matches with that observed for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the molecular identity of this lipid mediator was unambiguously confirmed by a new high-resolution mass spectrometry methodology. A productive infection of murine DCs by R. rickettsii was demonstrated for the first time leading to proinflammatory cytokine production that was inhibited by both A. sculptum saliva and PGE2, a result also achieved with human DCs. The adoptive transfer of murine DCs incubated with R. rickettsii followed by treatment with A. sculptum saliva or PGE2 did not change the cytokine profile associated to cellular recall responses while IgG2a-specific antibodies were decreased in the serum of these mice. Together, these findings emphasize the role of PGE2 as a universal immunomodulator of tick saliva. In addition, it contributes to new approaches to explore R. rickettsii-DC interactions both in vitro and in vivo

Epidemiological Profile Of Vascular Encephalic Accident (VEA) Victims Hospitalized In A Regional Hospital Of Paraíba, Brazil

Introduction: Responsible for a high mortality rate and for causing numerous sequels in the general population, stroke arises from a deficiency in cerebral oxygen supply, commonly caused by obstruction of the arteries or extravasation of blood for the tissue. Genetic factors, style and quality of life are factors directly related to the incidence of stroke and its numerous hospitalizations. Objective: The study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalized patients after clinical diagnosis of stroke. Methodology: This is a retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, carried out through the analysis of 252 medical records of patients hospitalized in the Medical Clinic and in the Mixed Stroke Unit of the Deputado Janduhy Carneiro Regional Hospital, in the municipality of Patos - PB, in the period of January 1 to December 31 2015. All medical records of patients affected by stroke in 2015 were included; internal with clinical diagnosis of stroke; Computed Tomography of Skull; Neurologist's evaluation; and readable handwriting. Data were collected using a questionnaire with objective questions, including variables related to the objective of study. They were submitted to simple statistical analysis and later, discussed and related to the literature from the reading and the comprehension of the researchers. Results: It was observed that the affected victim is woman, over 70 years of age, brown, living in an urban area and retired. The most frequent etiology of the stroke is of the ischemic type, being able to notice preexisting diseases in the patients, such as Arterial Hypertension and Heart diseases. 42% of patients were discharged after treatment in less than 15 days (78%). By causing many deaths and disabilities, bringing not only human, but social and financial damage to the health and social security system. Conclusion: More and more studies are needed to diagnose the causes of stroke, consequences and possible decisions that attenuate this problem. Keywords: Vascular Encephalic Accident. Hospitalization. Prognosis