192 research outputs found

    REATIVAÇÃO DE VOÇOROCAS EM RESPOSTA A MUDANÇA DE USO PASTORIL PARA PLANTIO DE EUCALIPTO EM VALES DE CABECEIRAS ADJACENTES: MÉDIO VALE DO RIO PARAÍBA DO SUL.

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    Este estudo busca o entendimento dos processos hidrológicos e erosivos associados ao desenvolvimento de canais incisos do tipo voçoroca, conectadas a expansão da rede de canais no domínio dos vales de cabeceiras de drenagem, em resposta a mudanças de uso do solo decorrente da introdução de plantios de eucalipto em antigas áreas de pastagens

    Food bioactive compounds and emerging techniques for their extraction: Polyphenols as a case study

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    Experimental studies have provided convincing evidence that food bioactive compounds (FBCs) have a positive biological impact on human health, exerting protective effects against noncommunicable diseases (NCD) including cancer and cardiovascular (CVDs), metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). These benefits have been associated with the presence of secondary metabolites, namely polyphenols, glucosinolates, carotenoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, vitamins, and fibres, among others, derived from their antioxidant, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antithrombotic, cardioprotective, and vasodilator properties. Polyphenols as one of the most abundant classes of bioactive compounds present in plant-based foods emerge as a promising approach for the development of efficacious preventive agents against NCDs with reduced side effects. The aim of this review is to present comprehensive and deep insights into the potential of polyphenols, from their chemical structure classification and biosynthesis to preventive effects on NCDs, namely cancer, CVDs, and NDDS. The challenge of polyphenols bioavailability and bioaccessibility will be explored in addition to useful industrial and environmental applications. Advanced and emerging extraction techniques will be highlighted and the high-resolution analytical techniques used for FBCs characterization, identification, and quantification will be considered.FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) through the CQM Base Fund-UIDB/00674/ 2020, the Programmatic Fund- UIDP/00674/2020, and the PhD fellowship SFRH/BD/116895/2016 granted to João Gonçalves. Madeira 14–20 Program, project PROEQUIPRAM-Reforço do Investimento em Equipamentos e Infraestruturas Científicas RAM (M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000008), ARDITIAgência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação through the project M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000005-Centro de Química da Madeira-CQM+ (Madeira 14–20 Program) and Project M1420-09-5369-FSE-000001 for the Post-Doctoral fellowship granted to JAMP. Núcleo Regional da Madeira da Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro (NRM-LPCC) for the professional internship granted to Joselin Aguiar. FCT for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). National funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for L. Barros, and B.R. Albuquerque research grant (SFRH/BD/136370/2018). European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of the project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural®. FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme for financial support through the project 0377_Iberphenol_ 6_E and TRANSCoLAB 0612_TRANS_CO_LAB_2_P. R.C.G. Corrêa is a research grant recipient of Cesumar Institute of Science Technology and Innovation (ICETI).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    The temporal dynamics of Arc expression regulate cognitive flexibility

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    YesNeuronal activity regulates the transcription and translation of the immediate-early gene Arc/Arg3.1, a key mediator of synaptic plasticity. Proteasomedependent degradation of Arc tightly limits its temporal expression, yet the significance of this regulation remains unknown. We disrupted the temporal control of Arc degradation by creating an Arc knockin mouse (ArcKR) where the predominant Arc ubiquitination sites were mutated. ArcKR mice had intact spatial learning but showed specific deficits in selecting an optimal strategy during reversal learning. This cognitive inflexibility was coupled to changes in Arc mRNA and protein expression resulting in a reduced threshold to induce mGluR-LTD and enhanced mGluR-LTD amplitude. These findings show that the abnormal persistence of Arc protein limits the dynamic range of Arc signaling pathways specifically during reversal learning. Our work illuminates how the precise temporal control of activity-dependent molecules, such as Arc, regulates synaptic plasticity and is crucial for cognition.Open access funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Counci

    Fenologia e produção de cultivares de amoreira-preta em sistema agroecológico.

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    A amoreira-preta é uma espécie de exploração recente no Brasil. Nos últimos ano, s tem sido dada especial atenção ao cultivo orgânico ou agroecológico dessa espécie. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o comportamento fenológico e produtivo das cultivares de amora-preta ‘Tupy’, ‘Guarani’, ‘Caingangue’, ‘Cherokee’ e ‘Brazos’, e das seleções denominadas ‘seleção 97’ e ‘seleção 787’ na região de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul(RS), em sistema agroecológico. O trabalho foi realizado na Estação Experimental de Cascata (EEC), Embrapa Clima Temperado. As plantas foram dispostas no pomar, em blocos varietais aleatórios, com 10 plantas por genótipo, perfazendo quatro linhas com duas cultivares por linha. Foram observadas as datas de início da floração e fim da floração, início e final de colheita, massa (gramas) e número de frutos por planta, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (ºBrix), produção média por planta (g pl-1) e produtividade estimada por hectare (kg ha-1). Para análise das características dos frutos, a média de cada ano de avaliação (três) foi considerada como uma repetição. Na região de Pelotas-RS, é viável o cultivo agroecológico de amoreira-preta. Não há diferenças de produção, produtividade, número de frutos e teores de sólidos solúveis totais entre os genótipos estudados
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