Mitochondrial involvement in carbachol-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and contraction in rat gastric smooth muscle

Aims: Mitochondria are important modulators of Ca2+ homeostasis. However, it is not clear if they modulate and participate in smooth muscle signaling and contraction. the aim of the present work was to investigate the role of mitochondria in Ca2+ transients and contraction induced by metabotropic muscarinic receptor activation in rat gastric smooth muscle.Main methods: Carbachol (CC11)-induced contraction was investigated in the absence or presence of increasing concentration of mitochondrial protonophore, carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoro-methoxy)phenyl-hydrazone (FCCP), in gastric fundus strips. Ca2+ and mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi m) measurements were performed in primarily cultured gastric smooth muscle cells loaded with FURA-2 or TMRE dyes.Key findings: Results show that CCh (1 mu M)-induced contraction was inhibited by FCCP in a concentration-dependent manner. in cultured smooth muscle cells CCh (1 mu M) caused a cytosolic Ca2+ rise. Preincubation with FCCP strongly inhibited CCh-evoked Ca2+ transients indicating that mitochondria shape intracellular Ca2+ Signals. CCh induced elevations of Delta Psi m in 60% of the individual mitochondrion analyzed.Significance: Taken together our results indicate that CCh induces release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, which may be modulated by mitochondria. Thus, mitochondria participate of the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in muscarinic contraction in gastric fundus smooth muscle. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP EPM, Dept Pharmacol, Paulista Sch Med, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Pernambuco UFPE, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Recife, PE, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP EPM, Dept Pharmacol, Paulista Sch Med, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Fluconazole prophylaxis in preterm infants: a systematic review

Objective: This article aims to review the use of antifungal prophylaxis with intravenous fluconazole in premature newborns and the occurrence of Invasive Candidiasis. Methods: This is a systematic review with search at databases: PubMed, Capes Portal, Virtual Health Library (BVS – Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde)/Lilacs, Scopus and Cochrane. The keywords used were: “Antifungal”, “Candida” “Fluconazole prophylaxis” and “Preterm infants”. Results: Invasive Candidiasis was evaluated in all the twelve items. In eleven of them, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups receiving prophylactic fluconazole, with lower frequency of Invasive Candidiasis, compared to placebo or no prophylaxis group. Colonization by Candida species was also evaluated in five studies; four of them presented statistically lower proportion of colonization in patients with Fluconazole prophylaxis, compared to placebo or no drugs. In one study, there was a significant difference, favoring the use of fluconazole, and reduction of death. Conclusion: Studies indicate the effectiveness of prophylaxis with fluconazole, with reduction in the incidence of colonization and invasive fungal disease. The benefits of prophylaxis should be evaluated considering the incidence of candidiasis in the unit, the mortality associated with candidiasis, the safety and toxicity of short and long-term medication, and the potential for development of resistant pathogens. Keywords: Antifungal, Candida, Fluconazole prophylaxis, Preterm infant

Synthesis of Novel Glycerol-Derived 1,2,3-Triazoles and Evaluation of Their Fungicide, Phytotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities

The synthesis of a series of 1,2,3-triazoles using glycerol as starting material is described. The key step in the preparation of these triazolic derivatives is the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), also known as click reaction, between 4-(azidomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (3) and different terminal alkynes. The eight prepared derivatives were evaluated with regard to their fungicide, phytotoxic and cytotoxic activities. The fungicidal activity was assessed in vitro against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the causative agent of papaya anthracnose. It was found that the compounds 1-(1-((2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-cyclo-hexanol (4g) and 2-(1-((2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)propan-2-ol (4h) demonstrated high efficiency in controlling C. gloeosporioides when compared to the commercial fungicide tebuconazole. The triazoles did not present any phytotoxic effect when evaluated against Lactuca sativa. However, five derivatives were mitodepressive, inducing cell death detected by the presence of condensed nuclei and acted as aneugenic agents in the cell cycle of L. sativa. It is believed that glycerol derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole functionalities may represent a promising scaffold to be explored for the development of new agents to control C. gloeosporioides

OFTALMOLOGIA E CUIDADO CIRURGICO SEGURO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

<p>Nos dias atuais, a cirurgia tem sido considerada uma modalidade terapêutica de grande relevância na área da saúde, sendo parte essencial dos cuidados de saúde. A grande diversidade de procedimentos realizados na oftalmologia, o expressivo número de procedimentos, versus o curto período pré e transopertório e as inúmeras ações que envolvem o procedimento cirúrgico do preparo até a alta hospitalar evidenciam para os aspectos relacionados à segurança cirúrgica. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo evidenciar a importância da cirurgia segura em oftalmologia. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que se deu a partir do levantamento de artigos nas bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e PUBMED, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Segurança do paciente; Oftalmologia; Procedimentos cirúrgicos operatórios. Utilizou-se como critérios de inclusão: artigos disponíveis na integra, nos idiomas português e inglês, publicados entre 2012 e 2022, que abordassem a temática em questão e atendiam aos objetivos propostos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: textos incompletos (resumos), teses e monografias, estudos em outros idiomas, falta de relação com o objeto de estudo, aqueles duplicados ou com download indisponível. Foram encontrados 13 textos aptos para a realização desta revisão. A partir do exposto foi possível evidenciar a importância da realização de cirurgias oftalmológicas seguras, bem como da utilização do checklist de verificação com o objetivo de evitar possíveis erros e danos ao paciente.</p&gt

OFTALMOLOGIA E CUIDADO CIRURGICO SEGURO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

<p>Nos dias atuais, a cirurgia tem sido considerada uma modalidade terapêutica de grande relevância na área da saúde, sendo parte essencial dos cuidados de saúde. A grande diversidade de procedimentos realizados na oftalmologia, o expressivo número de procedimentos, versus o curto período pré e transopertório e as inúmeras ações que envolvem o procedimento cirúrgico do preparo até a alta hospitalar evidenciam para os aspectos relacionados à segurança cirúrgica. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo evidenciar a importância da cirurgia segura em oftalmologia. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que se deu a partir do levantamento de artigos nas bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e PUBMED, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Segurança do paciente; Oftalmologia; Procedimentos cirúrgicos operatórios. Utilizou-se como critérios de inclusão: artigos disponíveis na integra, nos idiomas português e inglês, publicados entre 2012 e 2022, que abordassem a temática em questão e atendiam aos objetivos propostos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: textos incompletos (resumos), teses e monografias, estudos em outros idiomas, falta de relação com o objeto de estudo, aqueles duplicados ou com download indisponível. Foram encontrados 13 textos aptos para a realização desta revisão. A partir do exposto foi possível evidenciar a importância da realização de cirurgias oftalmológicas seguras, bem como da utilização do checklist de verificação com o objetivo de evitar possíveis erros e danos ao paciente.</p&gt