Violencia política contra las candidatas en el proceso electoral del 2021 en Ecuador por parte de los programas radiales de mayor sintonía: caso Santo Domingo

The objective of this research was to analyze political violence against women in the 2021 elections. The qualitative approach was used to study two radio programs in the city of Santo Domingo that have the largest audience. For data collection, interviews were applied to experts on gender issues and candidates who participated in the electoral process. Similarly, the information published on social networks by both media in 2020 from the pre-electoral campaign was observed. Metricool software was used to categorize, code and tabulate the interviews; and case studies to interpret the information. As main findings, forms of violence were identified at the time of addressing the interviews with the candidates by the interviewers, such as: the use of language, confrontation, the number of interviewees and the reduced interview time. The permanent pressure exerted by journalists when addressing issues with the candidates was also observed, which lack political and social relevance by not responding to campaign proposals but to actions from their private lives.La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar la violencia política contra las mujeres en las elecciones 2021. Se utilizó el enfoque cualitativo con el cual se estudiaron dos programas radiales de la ciudad de Santo Domingo que cuentan con mayor audiencia. Para la recolección de datos se aplicaron entrevistas a expertas en temas de género y a candidatas que participaron en el proceso electoral. De igual manera, se observó la información publicada en redes sociales por ambos medios en el 2020 a partir de la pre-campaña electoral. Se utilizó el software Metricool para categorizar, codificar y tabular las entrevistas; y el estudio de casos para interpretar la información. Como principales hallazgos se identificaron formas de violencia al momento de abordar las entrevistas con las candidatas por parte de los entrevistadores, tales como: el uso del lenguaje, la confrontación, el número de entrevistadas y el reducido tiempo de entrevista. También se observó la presión permanente que ejercen los periodistas al momento de abordar los temas con las candidatas, los cuales carecen de relevancia política y social al no responder a las propuestas de campaña sino a acciones de sus vidas privada

a cross-sectional study

Objectives We sought to determine the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Yoremes and to identify associations of T. gondii exposure with sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural characteristics of Yoremes. Design A cross-sectional survey. Setting Yoremes were enrolled in the locality of Tierra Blanca in the municipality of Navojoa in Sonora State, Mexico. Participants We studied 200 Yoremes (Mayos); they are an indigenous ethnic group living in a coastal region in northwestern Mexico. Primary and secondary outcome measures We assessed the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies in participants using enzyme-linked immunoassays. We used a standardised questionnaire to obtain the characteristics of Yoremes. The association of T. gondii exposure and Yoremes’ characteristics was assessed by bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results Of the 200 Yoremes studied (mean age: 31.50±18.43 years), 26 (13.0%) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies and 19 (73.1%) of them were also positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Seroprevalence of T. gondii infection did not vary with sex, educational level, occupation or socioeconomic status. In contrast, multivariate analysis of sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics showed that T. gondii exposure was associated with increasing age (OR=1.02; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.04; p=0.03) and consumption of squirrel meat (OR=4.99; 95% CI 1.07 to 23.31; p=0.04). Furthermore, seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was significantly higher in Yoremes with a history of lymphadenopathy (p=0.03) and those suffering from frequent abdominal pain (p=0.03). In women, T. gondii exposure was associated with a history of caesarean sections (p=0.03) and miscarriages (p=0.02). Conclusions We demonstrate, for the first time, serological evidence of T. gondii exposure among Yoremes in Mexico. Results suggest that infection with T. gondii might be affecting the health of Yoremes. Results may be useful for an optimal design of preventive measures against T. gondii infection

Conclusions of the II International and IV Spanish Hydration Congress. Toledo, Spain, 2nd-4th December, 2015

Water is the major component of our organism representing about 60% of total body weight in adults and has to be obtained through the consumption of different foods and beverages as part of our diet. Water is an essential nutrient performing important functions, including transport of other nutrients, elimination of waste products, temperature regulation, lubrication and structural support. In this context, hydration through water has an essential role in health and wellness, which has been highly acknowledged in recent years among the health community experts such as nutritionists, dietitians, general practitioners, pharmacists, educators, as well as by physical activity and sport sciences experts and the general population

Nutrición en Salud Pública

La salud pública es uno de los esfuerzos colectivos organizados de la sociedad para prevenir la muerte prematura, la enfermedad, las lesiones y la discapacidad, y para promover la salud de las poblaciones. La Nutrición es la ciencia que estudia el conjunto de procesos por los cuales un organismo utiliza la energía de los alimentos para mantenerse y crecer; o, expresado de forma más operativa, la ciencia que estudia los alimentos, nutrientes y otras sustancias relacionadas, su interacción y balance en relación con la salud y la enfermedad y los procesos por los cuales el organismo ingiere, digiere, absorbe, transporta, utiliza y extrae las sustancias alimenticias. A partir de estas definiciones, podemos conceptualizar la nutrición en salud pública o la salud pública nutricional (public health nutrition) como la ciencia que estudia la relación entre dieta y salud a nivel poblacional y el desarrollo de intervenciones nutricionales a nivel comunitario con el objeto de mejorar el estado de salud de las poblaciones

Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with physical activity and time in bed: cross-sectional associations with cardiometabolic health in the PREDIMEDPlus study

Background: This study explored the association between inactive time and measures of adiposity, clinical parameters, obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome components. It further examined the impact of reallocating inactive time to time in bed, light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardio-metabolic risk factors, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 2189 Caucasian men and women (age 55-75 years, BMI 27-40 Kg/m2) from the PREDIMED-Plus study (http://www.predimedplus.com/). All participants had ≥3 components of the metabolic syndrome. Inactive time, physical activity and time in bed were objectively determined using triaxial accelerometers GENEActiv during 7 days (ActivInsights Ltd., Kimbolton, United Kingdom). Multiple adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used. Isotemporal substitution regression modelling was performed to assess the relationship of replacing the amount of time spent in one activity for another, on each outcome, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Results: Inactive time was associated with indicators of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time to 30 min per day of time in bed was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (all p-values < 0.05). Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time with 30 min per day of LPA or MVPA was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, total fat, visceral adipose tissue, HbA1c, glucose, triglycerides, and higher body muscle mass and HDL cholesterol (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions: Inactive time was associated with a poor cardio-metabolic profile. Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with MVPA and LPA or time in bed could have beneficial impact on cardio-metabolic health

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

HOTDOCK: Design and Validation of a New Generation of Standard Robotic Interface for On-Orbit Servicing

This paper presents the design and validation of HOTDOCK, a new generation of standard interface for on-orbit and planetary applications providing mechanical, power, data and thermal coupling capabilities between payloads and spacecraft, between spacecraft modules and as end-effector of robotic manipulators. The provision of standard interfaces in the design of spacecraft buses and payload modules will become essential to enable the emerging LEO/GEO on-orbit robotic servicing market. That includes payload management for spacecraft maintenance and reconfiguration, large structures assembly in space and de-orbiting operations. Standard interfaces are also highly interesting for supporting robotic operations in future deep space missions (LOP-G, Moon and Mars surface operations). HOTDOCK features a compact and fully integrated androgynous and 90-degree symmetrical design. The external form-fit geometry supports mating trajectories in a cone of up to 130-degrees, allowing for simultaneous connection of three orthogonally mounted interfaces. The unique patented coupling mechanism, along the circumference, allows stiff mechanical structural coupling with high load transfer. A central connection plate, equipped with spring-loaded POGO pin connectors, offers re-configurable and switchable electrical power as well as bi-directional high rate data transfer between connected subsystems. HOTDOCK can be optionally equipped with a fluidic transfer capability for thermal cooling on top of the regular thermal conduction between two units. In its nominal configuration called Active, HOTDOCK provides an actuation mechanism for the mating as well as integrated control and interface electronics. A purely passive version, without active components, has also been developed to offer a lower cost, volume and mass version. Both Active to Active and Active to Passive connections are possible, allowing in each case power, data and thermal transfer capabilities. HOTDOCK has been adopted as the reference Standard Interface in three projects of the European Commission’s H2020 Space Robotic Technologies cluster(OG8 PULSAR, OG9 MOSAR and OG11 PRO-ACT). They respectively address large structure assembly in space, modular satellite reconfiguration, and collaborative robotic planetary operations. More than 50units are currently being produced for integration in several ground demonstrators (TRL 4). Furthermore, HOTDOCK is used as part of the Michigan Technical University “T-REX” project awarded by NASA (BIG Idea Challenge)

Biodegradable Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Microrobots (MOFBOTs)

Microrobots and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been identified as promising carriers for drug delivery applications. While clinical applications of microrobots are limited by their low drug loading efficiencies and the poor degradability of the materials used for their fabrication, MOFs lack motility and targeted drug delivery capabilities. The combination of these two fields marks the beginning of a new era; MOF‐based small‐scale robots (MOFBOTs) for biomedical applications. Yet, biodegradability is a major hurdle in the field of micro‐ and nanoswimmers including small‐scale robots. Here, a highly integrated MOFBOT that is able to realize magnetic locomotion, drug delivery, and selective degradation in cell cultures is reported for the first time. The MOF used in the investigations does not only allow a superior loading of chemotherapeutic drugs and their controlled release via a pH‐responsive degradation but it also enables the controlled locomotion of enzymatically biodegradable gelatin‐based helical microrobots under magnetic fields. The degradation of the integrated MOFBOT is observed after two weeks, when all its components fully degrade. Additionally, drug delivery studies performed in cancer cell cultures show reduced viability upon delivery of Doxorubicin within short time frames. This MOFBOT system opens new avenues for highly integrated fully biodegradable small‐scale robots.ISSN:2192-2640ISSN:2192-265

Dairy product consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in an elderly Spanish Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.

PURPOSE The possible effects of dairy consumption on diabetes prevention remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the dairy consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in an elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS: We prospectively followed 3,454 non-diabetic individuals from the PREDIMED study. Dairy consumption was assessed at baseline and yearly using food frequency questionnaires and categorized into total, low-fat, whole-fat, and subgroups: milk, yogurt, cheeses, fermented dairy, concentrated full fat, and processed dairy. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 4.1 years, we documented 270 incident T2D cases. After multivariate adjustment, total dairy product consumption was inversely associated with T2D risk [0.68 (95 % CI 0.47-0.98); P-trend = .040]. This association appeared to be mainly attributed to low-fat dairy; the multivariate HRs (95 % CIs) comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile consumption were 0.65 (0.45-0.94) for low-fat dairy products and 0.67 (0.46-0.95) for low-fat milk (both P-trend <.05). Total yogurt consumption was associated with a lower T2D risk [HR 0.60 (0.42-0.86); P-trend = .002]. An increased consumption of total low-fat dairy and total yogurt during the follow-up was inversely associated with T2D; HRs were 0.50 (0.29-0.85), 0.44 (0.26-0.75), and 0.55 (0.33-0.93), respectively. Substituting one serving/day of a combination of biscuits and chocolate and whole grain biscuits and homemade pastries for one serving/day of yogurt was associated with a 40 and 45 % lower risk of T2D, respectively. No significant associations were found for the other dairy subgroups (cheese, concentrated full fat, and processed dairy products). CONCLUSIONS: A healthy dietary pattern incorporating a high consumption of dairy products and particularly yogurt may be protective against T2D in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.This study was funded, in part, by the Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII), PI1001407, Thematic Network G03/140,/nRD06/0045, FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), and the Centre Català de la Nutrició de l’Institut d’Estudis Catalans. The Fundación Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero and Hojiblanca SA (Málaga, Spain), California Walnut Commission (Sacramento, CA), Borges SA (Reus, Spain), and Morella Nuts SA (Reus, Spain) donated the olive oil, walnuts, almonds, and hazelnuts, respectively, used in the study. None of the funding sources played a role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publicatio