VALLS (Tarragona) (Término municipal). Planos de población. 1866 (1809). 1:10.000

Comprende parte de los términos municipales de Valls, Alcover, Picamoixons y La PlanaManuscrito firmado y rubricado por los autoresEscala hallada por comparación con otro documento de características similares, de sign. SGE-Ar.F-T.9-C.1-339Relieve representado por curvas de nivelTrazadas las triangulaciones efectuadas para el levantamiento del mapaPresenta planos esquemáticos de las poblaciones representadasSe corresponde, al parecer, con la memoria de sign. C.66-N° 15Existe otro ejemplar en tela para plano

Iniciativa privada y política pública en el desarrollo de la industria eléctrica en España. La hegemonía de la gestión privada, 1875-1950

Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaAnalizo la introducción de la electricidad en España (1875-1900) y la consolidación del sector (1900-1950), con énfasis en la gestión de recursos. El sector privado tomó la iniciativa. El Estado también participó desde los inicios, pero subsidiariamente, contribuyendo a la formación de un marco institucional y legal. Las empresas consolidaron monopolios locales, y actuaron coordinadamente como oligopolio frente a la Administración. Sus estrategias de producción y de precios, bajo una escasa regulación y con mercados protegidos, Se orientaron a la maximización de beneficios a corto plazo. Por ello, el consumidor español no fue el mejor servido, y la electricidad sólo contribuyó moderadamente al crecimiento.I study the introduction of electricity in Spain (1875-1900) and the consolidation of this industry (1900-1950), from a managerial perspective. The private sector took the lead. The Sute's participation was subsidiary, helping to create an institutional and legal framework. Finns became local monopolies, snd acted jointed as an oligopoly in their relationships with the Adminístration. Under protected markets and little regulation, their production and pricing strategies aimed at short run profit maximization. As a result, the Spanish consumer was not weQ attended, and electricity contributed only mildly to growth.Publicad

Review of DC fault protection for HVDC grids

The development of modular multilevel converter (MMC) and the increased needs for long distance bulk power transmission using underground and subsea cables have promoted the rapid development and application of voltage source converter (VSC) based high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems. In this paper, recent advances in the area of DC fault protection in VSC based HVDC systems are reviewed. The main characteristics during DC faults are described and various converter topologies, which have DC fault blocking capability, are introduced and compared in terms of efficiency, cost, and control flexibility. The development of DC circuit breaker is introduced and various methods for DC fault detection and system level protection approaches for large scale HVDC grids are also discussed

Competitive Benchmarking: An IS Research Approach to Address Wicked Problems with Big Data and Analytics

Wicked problems like sustainable energy and financial market stability are societal challenges that arise from complex socio-technical systems in which numerous social, economic, political, and technical factors interact. Understanding and mitigating them requires research methods that scale beyond the traditional areas of inquiry of Information Systems (IS) “individuals, organizations, and markets” and that deliver solutions in addition to insights. We describe an approach to address these challenges through Competitive Benchmarking (CB), a novel research method that helps interdisciplinary research communities to tackle complex challenges of societal scale by using different types of data from a variety of sources such as usage data from customers, production patterns from producers, public policy and regulatory constraints, etc. for a given instantiation. Further, the CB platform generates data that can be used to improve operational strategies and judge the effectiveness of regulatory regimes and policies. We describe our experience applying CB to the sustainable energy challenge in the Power Trading Agent Competition (Power TAC) in which more than a dozen research groups from around the world jointly devise, benchmark, and improve IS-based solutions

Development and test of distributed ledger technologies applications in a microgrid distributed control

This paper presents the preliminary results of a setof research projects being developed at the distributed resources laboratory at the University of Reutlingen. The main aim of these projects is to couple distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) with distributed control of microgrids. Firstly, a DLT based solution for a local market platform has been developed. This enables end customers to participate in new local micro-energy-markets by providing them with a distributed, decentralized, transparent and secure Peer to Peer (P2P) payment system. Secondly, this solution has been integrated with an autonomous (agent-based) grid management. The integrated solution of both marked platform as well as agent based control has been implemented and tested in a real microgrid with different distributed components such as PV System, CHP and different kinds of controllable loads. This microgrid is located in the distributed energy resources laboratory at the University of Reutlingen. Thirdly, the resulting solution is being implemented as an easy to customize market solution by AC2SG Software Oy, a Finland based software company, developing solutions for the Indian market. In a next phase, the solution is going to be tested in real environment in off-grids systems in India

A novel emulation concept for the test of smart contracts in the energy economy

This paper presents a novel emulation concept for the test of smart contracts and Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) in distribute control or energy economy tasks and use cases. The concept uses state of the art behavioral modeling tools such as Matlab Simulink but presents a possible way to solve the shortfall of Simulink in communicating to DLT-Nodes directly. This is solved through a middleware solution. After this, an example used in verifying the test bed is presented and the target demonstration object is described. Finally, the possible expansion of the system is discussed and presented

Distributed Ledger Technologies for the energy sector: facilitating interoperability analysis

The use of distributed data storage and management structures, such as Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT), in the energy sector has gained great interest in recent times. This opens up new possibilities in e.g. microgrid management, aggregation of distributed resources, peer-to- peer trading, integration of electromobility or proof-of-origin strategies. However, in order to benefit from those new possibilities, new challenges have to be overcome. This work focuses on one of these challenges, which is the need to ensure interoperability when integrating DLT-enabled devices in energy use cases. Firstly, the use of DLTs in the energy sector will be analyzed and the main use cases will be presented. Then, a classification of DLT-Energy use cases will be proposed. Secondly, the need for a common reference architecture framework to analyze those use cases with a focus on interoperability will be discussed and the current activities in research and standardization in this field will be presented. Finally, a new common reference architecture framework based on current activities in standardization will be presented

Transforming the energy system with P2P transactions between distributed generators and end consumers

This paper aims at presenting a solution that enables end customers of the energy system to participate in new local micro-energy-markets by providing them with a distributed, decentralized, transparent and secure Peer to Peer (P2P) payment system, which functions automatically applying new concepts of Machine to Machine (M2M) communication technologies. This work was performed within the German project VK_2G, funded by the DBU. The key results were: Providing means to perform microtransactions in a P2P fashion between end consumers and prosumers in local communities at low cost in a transparent and secure manner; Developing a platform with pre-defined smart contracts able to be tailored to different end customers ‘needs in an easy way and; Integrating both the market platform as well as the local control of generation and loads. This solution has been developed, integrated and tested in a laboratory prototype. This paper discusses this solution and presents the results of the first test