Isoflavone metabolism in domestic cats (Felis catus): comparison of plasma metabolites detected after ingestion of two different dietary forms of genistein and daidzein

Some felid diets contain isoflavones but the metabolic capacity of cats toward isoflavones is relatively unknown, despite the understanding that isoflavones have divergent biological potential according to their metabolite end products. The objective of this study was to determine the plasma metabolites detectable in domestic cats after exposure to 2 different dietary forms of isoflavones, either as a soy extract tablet ( n = 6) or as part of a dietary matrix ( n = 4). Serial blood samples were collected after isoflavone exposure to identify the plasma metabolites of each cat. Genistein was detected in its unconjugated form or as a monosulfate. Daidzein was detected as both a mono- and disulfate as well as in its unconjugated form. Other daidzein metabolites detected included equol mono- and disulfate, dihydrodaidzein, and O -desmethylangolensin. No β -glucuronide metabolites of either isoflavone were detected. Equol was produced in markedly fewer cats after ingestion of a soy extract tablet as a single oral bolus compared with cats consuming an isoflavone-containing diet. The detectable metabolites of the isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, in domestic cat plasma after dietary ingestion has been described in the present study for the first time. The metabolic capacity for isoflavones by domestic cats appears to be efficient, with only minimal proportions of the ingested amount detected in their unconjugated forms. This has implications for the potential of isoflavones to exert physiological activity in the domestic cat when consumed at concentrations representative of typical dietary intake

Highly diastereoselective synthesis of substituted pyrrolidines using a sequence of azomethine ylide cycloaddition and nucleophilic cyclization

Abstract: Although cycloadditions of azomethine ylides usually give mixtures of endo/exo adducts, we successfully tuned the mechanistic path of a new reaction cascade to afford substituted pyrrolidines in high yields and diastereomeric purity. This was achieved by forcing the demetalation of tin- or silicon-substituted iminium ions, followed by azomethine ylide cycloaddition and nucleophilic cyclization. Structural complexity is thus built rapidly in a fully controlled one-pot reaction cascade

Searches for Higgs boson production through decays of heavy resonances

Data availability: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy (https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid=6032%26filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf%26version=2).A preprint version, arXiv:2403.16926 [hep-ex], of this article is available on arXiv at https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16926v1 . It has not been certified by peer review.Supplementary data are available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370157324003223?via%3Dihub#appSC .The discovery of the Higgs boson has led to new possible signatures for heavy resonance searches at the LHC. Since then, search channels including at least one Higgs boson plus another particle have formed an important part of the program of new physics searches. In this report, the status of these searches by the CMS Collaboration is reviewed. Searches are discussed for resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons, a Higgs and a vector boson, or a Higgs boson and another new resonance, with proton-proton collision data collected at √s = 13 TeV in the years 2016-2018. A combination of the results of these searches is presented together with constraints on different beyond-the-standard model scenarios, including scenarios with extended Higgs sectors, heavy vector bosons and extra dimensions. Studies are shown for the first time by CMS on the validity of the narrow-width approximation in searches for the resonant production of a pair of Higgs bosons. The potential for a discovery at the High Luminosity LHC is also discussed.the Armenian Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037; the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research and the Austrian Science Fund; the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, and the Bulgarian National Science Fund; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; the Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación (MINCIENCIAS), Colombia; the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport, and the Croatian Science Foundation; the Research and Innovation Foundation, Cyprus; the Secretariat for Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation, Ecuador; the Estonian Research Council via PRG780, PRG803, RVTT3 and the Ministry of Education and Research TK202; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules/CNRS, and Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives/CEA, France; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Georgia; the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” – 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Innovation and the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288, Greece; the National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH), Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, and National Research Foundation (NRF), Republic of Korea; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia; the Research Council of Lithuania, agreement No. VS-19 (LMTLT); the Ministry of Education, and University of Malaya (Malaysia); the Ministry of Science of Montenegro; the Mexican Funding Agencies (BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Education and Science and the National Science Centre, Poland; the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, grants CERN/FIS-PAR/0025/2019 and CERN/FIS-INS/0032/2019, Portugal; the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF “a way of making Europe”, Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765, projects PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB and PID2020-113341RB-I00, and Plan de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Asturias, Spain; the Ministry of Science, Technology and Research, Sri Lanka; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei; the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, and the National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency; the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation. Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union) the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science – EOS” – be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative No. YD2030002017 (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program - ÚNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; ICSC – National Research Centre for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing, funded by the EU NexGeneration program, Italy; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, grant FCT CEECIND/01334/2018; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and projects PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB and PID2020-113341RB-I00, and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B37G660013 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation ; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA)

Pancreas exocrine replacement therapy is associated with increased survival following pancreatoduodenectomy for periampullary malignancy

Background: Although many patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for cancer have pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is not routinely used, and effects upon post-operative survival are unclear.Methods: This review of patients undergoing PD for periampullary malignancy sought to test for an association between PERT and overall survival, with post-hoc subgroup analysis performed after stratifying patients by the year of surgery, pancreatic duct width and tumour type.Results: Some 202/469 (43.1%) patients received PERT. After accounting for pathological variables and chemotherapy, PERT use was found to be independently associated with improved survival on multivariable analysis [HR 0.72 (95% CI: 0.52-0.99), p = 0.044] and on propensity matched analysis (p = 0.009). The effect of PERT upon improved survival was predominantly observed amongst patients with a dilated pancreatic duct (>= 3 mm).Discussion: PERT use was independently associated with improved survival following PD for cancer. The validity of this observation is supported by an effect largely confined to those patients with a dilated pancreatic duct. The nutritional status of patients undergoing PD for cancer needs further investigation and the effects of PERT require verification in further clinical studies

A Versatile cascade of intramolecular vilsmeier-haack and azomethine ylide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition toward tricyclic cores of alkaloids

Abstract: In the pursuit of synthetic efficiency, we developed an innovative one-pot transformation of linear substrates into bi- and tricyclic adducts using a cascade of amide activation, nucleophilic cyclization, azomethine ylide generation, and subsequent inter- or intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Despite the high density and variety of functional groups on the substrates, the sequence occurred with perfect chemoselectivity with good to excellent yields

Observation of γγ → ττ in proton-proton collisions and limits on the anomalous electromagnetic moments of the τ lepton

Data availability statement: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy at https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid=6032%26filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf%26version=2 .A preprint version of the article is available at arXiv:2406.03975v2 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.03975 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-23-005 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-SMP-23-005, CERN-EP-2024-127.The production of a pair of τ leptons via photon-photon fusion, γγ → ττ, is observed for the first time in proton-proton collisions, with a significance of 5.3 standard deviations. This observation is based on a data set recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. Events with a pair of τ leptons produced via photon-photon fusion are selected by requiring them to be back-to-back in the azimuthal direction and to have a minimum number of charged hadrons associated with their production vertex. The τ leptons are reconstructed in their leptonic and hadronic decay modes. The measured fiducial cross section of γγ → ττ is σfidobs = 12.4 +3.8−3.1 fb. Constraints are set on the contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment (aτ) and electric dipole moments (dτ) of the τ lepton originating from potential effects of new physics on the γττ vertex: aτ = 0.0009 +0.0032−0.0031 and |dτ| < 2.9 × 10−17 ecm (95% confidence level), consistent with the standard model.SCOAP

Enriching the physics program of the CMS experiment via data scouting and data parking

Data availability: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid=6032&filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf&version=2 CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy.A version of the published article is available at arXiv:2403.16134v2 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16134v2 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-23-007 (CMS Public Pages) Report number: CMS-EXO-23-007, CERN-EP-2024-068. Journal reference: Phys. Rept. 1115 (2025) 678. Submission history: From: The CMS Collaboration: [v2] Fri, 11 Apr 2025 16:24:50 UTC (5,788 KB)Specialized data-taking and data-processing techniques were introduced by the CMS experiment in Run 1 of the CERN LHC to enhance the sensitivity of searches for new physics and the precision of standard model measurements. These techniques, termed data scouting and data parking, extend the data-taking capabilities of CMS beyond the original design specifications. The novel data-scouting strategy trades complete event information for higher event rates, while keeping the data bandwidth within limits. Data parking involves storing a large amount of raw detector data collected by algorithms with low trigger thresholds to be processed when sufficient computational power is available to handle such data. The research program of the CMS Collaboration is greatly expanded with these techniques. The implementation, performance, and physics results obtained with data scouting and data parking in CMS over the last decade are discussed in this Report, along with new developments aimed at further improving low-mass physics sensitivity over the next years of data taking.SCOAP3

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in the diphoton decay channel at s=\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

A preprint version of the article is available at ArXiv (https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06956).© 2021 The Author(s). Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in events where the Higgs boson decays into a pair of photons are reported. Events are selected from a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV collected by the CMS detector at the LHC from 2016 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. Analysis categories enriched in Higgs boson events produced via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, vector boson associated production, and production associated with top quarks are constructed. The total Higgs boson signal strength, relative to the standard model (SM) prediction, is measured to be 1.12$\pm$0.09. Other properties of the Higgs boson are measured, including SM signal strength modifiers, production cross sections, and its couplings to other particles. These include the most precise measurements of gluon fusion and vector boson fusion Higgs boson production in several different kinematic regions, the first measurement of Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair in five regions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, and an upper limit on the rate of Higgs boson production in association with a single top quark. All results are found to be in agreement with the SM expectations.SCOAP

Measurement of differential t¯t production cross sections in the full kinematic range using lepton + jets events from proton-proton collisions at ffiffi s p = 13 TeV

CERN, for the CMS CollaborationCopyright © 2021 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration. Measurements of differential and double-differential cross sections of top-quark pair (tt¯) production are presented in the lepton+jets channels with a single electron or muon and jets in the final state. The analysis combines for the first time signatures of top quarks with low transverse momentum pT, where the top-quark decay products can be identified as separated jets and isolated leptons, and with high pT, where the decay products are collimated and overlap. The measurements are based on proton-proton collision data at s=13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb-1. The cross sections are presented at the parton and particle levels, where the latter minimizes extrapolations based on theoretical assumptions. Most of the measured differential cross sections are well described by standard model predictions with the exception of some double-differential distributions. The inclusive tt¯ production cross section is measured to be σtt¯=791±25 pb, which constitutes the most precise measurement in the lepton+jets channel to date.Funded by SCOA

Diarrhea, Pneumonia, and Infectious Disease Mortality in Children Aged 5 to 14 Years in India

Background: Little is known about the causes of death in children in India after age five years. The objective of this study is to provide the first ever direct national and sub-national estimates of infectious disease mortality in Indian children aged 5 to 14 years. Methods: A verbal autopsy based assessment of 3 855 deaths is children aged 5 to 14 years from a nationally representative survey of deaths occurring in 2001–03 in 1?1 million homes in India. Results: Infectious diseases accounted for 58 % of all deaths among children aged 5 to 14 years. About 18 % of deaths were due to diarrheal diseases, 10 % due to pneumonia, 8 % due to central nervous system infections, 4 % due to measles, and 12 % due to other infectious diseases. Nationally, in 2005 about 59 000 and 34 000 children aged 5 to 14 years died from diarrheal diseases and pneumonia, corresponding to mortality of 24?1 and 13?9 per 100 000 respectively. Mortality was nearly 50 % higher in girls than in boys for both diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. Conclusions: Approximately 60 % of all deaths in this age group are due to infectious diseases and nearly half of these deaths are due to diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. Mortality in this age group from infectious diseases, and diarrhea i