Serum neudesin levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objectives: We aimed to investigate serum neudesin levels that has neural, metabolic functions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Material and methods: The study included 180 women (age range, 18–44 years) with a diagnosis of PCOS and a control group that included 100 healthy females (age range, 18–46 years). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, Ferriman-Gallwey score, was evaluated and plasma glucose, lipid profile, estradiol, progesterone, total testosterone, prolactin, insulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), FSH, LH, free T3, free T4, thyroid stymulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) antibody and neudesin levels were evaluated in all participants. Results: BMI and waist circumference were similar between two groups. Ferriman-Gallwey score was significantly higher in the patient group. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, lipid parameters except triglyceride levels, free T3, free T4, TSH, anti-TPO were similar between the two groups. Triglyceride, insulin and HOMA values were significantly higher in PCOS patients. While follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, progesterone, prolactin and DHEAS levels were similar, LH was significantly higher in patients with PCOS. Serum neudesin level was significantly lower in PCOS patients with respect to controls (p = 0.015). Neudesin was positively correlated with insulin (r = 0.224, p = 0.037), and progesterone (r = 0.716, p = 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that neudesin correlated with only progesterone (beta = 0.308, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Due to the association of decreased levels of neudesin with PCOS and correlation of neudesin with progesterone, neudesin may be related with one of patophysiologic pathways of PCOS. Still, it is not certain that decreased neudesin is involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS or is the result of the disorder

Which treatment should we choose for tubo-ovarian abscesses? Results of an 8-year clinical training in a tertiary center

Objectives: Tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is inflammation of the pelvic organs, mainly originating from the lower genital tract and intestinal tract. Treatment options include antibiotic therapy, surgical drainage, and radiologically guided (interventional) drainage. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the treatment method to be chosen and thus to manage patients with tuba ovarian abscesses (TOAs) most accurately. Material and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study, and patients who applied to a tertiary center diagnosed with tuba ovarian abscess (TOA) were included. TOA size (cm), pre-treatment C-reactive protein (CRP) value, pre-treatment white blood cell (WBC) value, previous operation type, postoperative complication, and antibiotics used were screened. Results: 305 patients were included in the study, and medical treatment was applied to 140 patients, organ-sparing surgical drainage to 50 patients, and surgical treatment to 115 patients. TOA dimensions measured at the time of diagnosis were significantly lower in patients for whom only medical treatment was sufficient. Pre-treatment CRP levels, WBC levels, and length of stay were significantly lower in patients for whom only medical treatment was sufficient. There was no significant difference between the pre-and post-procedure CRP difference, antibiotics, and hospitalization time. Conclusions: Preferring minimally invasive treatment in cases requiring invasive treatment reduces the frequency of complications. Treatment of tuba ovarian abscesses (TOA) with minimally invasive methods will be more beneficial in terms of patient morbidity

MAGIC and H.E.S.S. detect VHE gamma rays from the blazar OT081 for the first time: a deep multiwavelength study

https://pos.sissa.it/395/815/pdfPublished versio

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Search for very-high-energy emission from pulsars and tests of Lorentz invariance using the MAGIC telescopes

Desde su descubrimiento, los púlsares han sido un laboratorio esencial en muchas ramas diferentes de la astrofísica y la física porque son objetos ultra densos, de giro rápido y emisores de múltiples longitudes de onda. Han ampliado nuestra comprensión de la evolución estelar y los estudios de objetos compactos, así como temas de física fundamental como la relatividad general y el modelo estándar. Los mecanismos de emisión de los púlsares aún no se conocen del todo. Aunque la historia de los estudios de púlsares en bandas de radio se remonta a la década de 1960, los estudios de púlsares con rayos gamma de muy alta energía son relativamente más recientes. Por lo tanto, detectar nuevos púlsares y aumentar nue stro conocimiento sobre los descubiertos juega un papel crucial en la astrofísica de púlsares. Los telescopios Cherenkov son excelentes sistemas para estudiar fotones de muy alta energía provenientes de los púlsares. Debido al hecho de que los púlsares son fuentes débiles en comparación con otras fuentes de rayos gamma, como los núcleos galácticos activos o las explosiones de rayos gamma, la calidad de los datos es de gran importancia para los resultados del análisis de datos, y uno de los efectos más considerables proviene de la condiciones atmosféricas. Por lo tanto, los sistemas de escaneo atmosférico como los Raman LIDAR que trabajan con los telescopios Cherenkov son sistemas cruciales para el análisis de datos. El enfoque principal de este estudio son los estudios de púlsar con los telescopios MAGIC y el uso de los datos para las pruebas de Violación de Invariancia de Lorentz (LIV). Para ello, se han analizado y utilizado diez años de datos de Crab Pulsar para la prueba LIV. Además, se ha realizado por primera vez una búsqueda de emisión de VHE de un púlsar de milisegundos, PSR J0218 + 4232, en el modo estereoscópico de los telescopios MAGIC. Se ha analizado e incluido en este estudio una fuente BL Lac intermedia, 3C66A, en el campo de visión del púlsar de milisegundos. Además del análisis de la fuente astrofísica, en este estudio también se incluyeron algunos resultados de las pruebas del CTA Pathfinder Raman LIDAR y las pruebas de puesta en servicio. La tesis sigue este esquema: El capítulo 1 es una introducción a los púlsares. Se discuten los mecanismos de formación, evolución y emisión. El Capítulo 2 ofrece una descripción general de los estudios de Violación de In variancia de Lorentz con púlsares. El Capítulo 3 describe la técnica IACT, los telescopios MAGIC y el análisis de datos. El capítulo 4 ofrece una descripción general de los sistemas LIDAR utilizados para la caracterización atmosférica trabajando con los telescopios Cherenkov e incluye algunos resultados de las pruebas del Barcelona Raman LIDAR, "pathfinder" del "Cherenkov Telescope Array". El capítulo 5 se centra en la búsqueda de emisiones de VHE del púlsar de milise gundos PSR J0218 + 4232 y el análisis de la fuente IBL Lac 3C66A en el campo de visión. El Capítulo 6 se centra en el análisis de datos del Crab Pulsar 2009-2020 y el estudio sobre la emisión más alta hasta energías TeV. El Capítulo 7 muestra los resultados de la prueba LIV realizada con los datos mostrados en el capítulo anterior. Finalmente, se discutirán las observaciones finales y los aspectos futuros.Since their discovery, pulsars have been an essential laboratory in many different astrophysics and physics branches because they are ultra-dense, fast spinning, and multiwavelength emitting objects. They have widened our understanding of stellar evolution and compact object studies, as well as fundamental physics topics such as General Relativity and the Standard Model. The emission mechanisms of pulsars are still not fully known. Although the history of pulsar studies in radio bands starts back in the 1960s, very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray studies of pulsars are relatively newer. Therefore detecting new pulsars and increasing our knowledge on the discovered ones plays a crucial role in pulsar astrophysics. Cherenkov telescopes are excellent systems for studying very high-energy photons coming from the pulsars. Due to the fact that pulsars are faint sources compared to the other gamma-ray sources such as active galactic nuclei or gamma-ray bursts, data quality is of great importance for the data analysis results, and one of the most considerable effects comes from the atmospheric conditions. Therefore atmospheric scan systems such as Raman LIDARs working with the Cherenkov telescopes are supportive systems for the data analysis. The primary focus of this study is pulsar studies with the MAGIC telescopes and using the data for Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) tests. For this purpose, ten years of Crab Pulsar data has been analyzed and used for the LIV test. Moreover, a VHE emission search of a millisecond pulsar, PSR J0218+4232, has been performed for the first time in the stereoscopic mode of MAGIC telescopes. An intermediate BL Lac source, 3C66A, in the field of view (FoV) of the millisecond pulsar has been analyzed and included in this study. Apart from the astrophysical source analysis, some CTA pathfinder Raman LIDAR tests results and commissioning tests were included in this study, too. The thesis follows this outline: Chapter 1 is an introduction to Pulsars. The formation, evolution, and emission mechanisms are explained. Chapter 2 gives an overview of Lorentz Invariance Violation studies with pulsars. Chapter 3 describes the IACT technique, MAGIC Telescopes, and the data analysis. Chapter 4 gives an overview of LIDAR systems used for atmospheric characterization working with Cherenkov Telescopes and includes some tests results of the Barcelona Raman LIDAR, Cherenkov Telescope Array's path. Chapter 5 focuses on searching VHE emission from the millisecond pulsar PSR J0218+4232 and analysis of IBL Lac source 3C66A in the FoV. Chapter 6 focuses on 2009-2020 Crab Pulsar data analysis and the study on the highest emission up to TeV energies. Chapter 7 shows the results of the LIV test performed with the data shown in the previous chapter. Finally, the conclusion remarks, and future aspects will be discussed

Determination and mapping of cadmium accumulation in plant leaves on the highway roadside, Turkey

This study investigates cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the plant leaves of juglans regia (walnut) and cydonia oblanga (quince) trees related to traffic emissions on the highway roadside. The plant leaf samples were collected from 20 sites on the D-100 Highway roadside and washed with deionized water before analyzed. Determination of Cd was carried out using an inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometer after microwave digestion of the samples. Cd concentration on the plant leaves was found to be between 0.04-0.11 mg/kg. In order to determine the traffi c-based emissions, vehicles were counted and an emission inventory was prepared. 0.18 tons of Cd was found to be delivered into the atmosphere every day. Cd accumulation depends on traffic density because there were no residential area and industrial plants. The distribution of Cd accumulation caused by traffic emissions was mapped by using a geographic information system (GIS). The maps showed that the Cd accumulation was high in the areas near the highway and then gradually decreased by moving away from the highway

ATTITUDE TOWARDS COVID-19 VACCINE AND AFFECTING FACTORS IN ADULTS FROM TURKEY

Objective: This study aims to examine the attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccine and its affecting factors in adults from Turkey

Ferulic Acid Treats Gastric Ulcer via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

(1) Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective potential of ferulic acid (FA) on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats with macroscopic and microscopic examinations along with biochemical assays. (2) Methods: After 24 h starvation, the ulcer was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous indomethacin (25 mg/kg) injection. Fifteen minutes after ulcer induction, rats were treated with either tween 80 or FA. FA was given by oral gavage at 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg. In the fourth hour, rats were euthanized and collected gastric samples were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Antioxidant parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and inflammatory parameters comprising of myeloperoxidase (MPO), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 levels were also determined. (3) Results: Indomethacin injection significantly increased the macroscopic and microscopic scores. In addition, it increased the gastric MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB p65 levels but reduced SOD and GSH content. Treatment with FA significantly improved the gastric injury macroscopically and microscopically. Moreover, FA displayed a marked decrease in the gastric levels of MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB p65 and a significant increase in SOD and GSH compared to the INDO group. Ultimately, 250 mg/kg FA was determined as the most effective dose. (4) Conclusion: Our results revealed that FA has a gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As a result, FA may be a potential treatment choice for gastric ulcers

Ferulic Acid Treats Gastric Ulcer via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

(1) Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective potential of ferulic acid (FA) on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats with macroscopic and microscopic examinations along with biochemical assays. (2) Methods: After 24 h starvation, the ulcer was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous indomethacin (25 mg/kg) injection. Fifteen minutes after ulcer induction, rats were treated with either tween 80 or FA. FA was given by oral gavage at 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg. In the fourth hour, rats were euthanized and collected gastric samples were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Antioxidant parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and inflammatory parameters comprising of myeloperoxidase (MPO), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 levels were also determined. (3) Results: Indomethacin injection significantly increased the macroscopic and microscopic scores. In addition, it increased the gastric MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB p65 levels but reduced SOD and GSH content. Treatment with FA significantly improved the gastric injury macroscopically and microscopically. Moreover, FA displayed a marked decrease in the gastric levels of MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB p65 and a significant increase in SOD and GSH compared to the INDO group. Ultimately, 250 mg/kg FA was determined as the most effective dose. (4) Conclusion: Our results revealed that FA has a gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As a result, FA may be a potential treatment choice for gastric ulcers