Sensores comunitarios para ciudadanos inteligentes : Una experiencia desde la universidad pública

El paradigma ciudadano de monitoreo ha cambiado definitivamente la forma en que se construye conocimiento acerca de la calidad del aire. La proliferación de sensores, dispositivos, empresas, comunidades, plataformas y documentos de agencias oficiales que buscan guiar su adopción, adaptación y control; marcan un rumbo claro en ese sentido. En nuestro contexto esta tendencia global se presenta cada vez con mayor fuerza y como oportunidad concreta ante la prácticamente inexistente red de monitoreo local. Sin embargo, existe una gran diferencia en el cómo los dispositivos y el acceso a los datos son pensados y producidos por distintos actores. A grandes rasgos podemos diferencias dos grupos, uno cerrado y centralizado, donde se piensa a los dispositivos como bienes de consumo para ciudadanos que producen datos para plataformas cerradas (ej IQAir) y otro, abierto y distribuido, basado en tecnologías y plataformas abiertas donde los ciudadanos colaboran para desarrollar los dispositivos, publicar los datos y generar historias que permitan accionar colectivamente en la esfera pública (ej. Sensor Community). Consideramos importante dar a conocer y promover este tipo de iniciativas distribuidas y abiertas para guiar la adopción a nivel local y formar, e informar a, ciudadanos que escapen a la algorítmica cerrada y estupefaciente de las ciudades inteligentes En este póster se presentarán algunos resultados y conclusiones del primer Taller de ensamblado y experimentación con prototipos de Sensor Community con estudiantes de la materia Contaminación y Saneamiento Ambiental en la carrera de Ing. Recursos Naturales Renovables de la UN Cuyo.Facultad de Informátic

Monitores abiertos de calidad del aire (MACA)

Los MACA son prototipos para el monitoreo de la calidad del aire desarrollados a partir de módulos de hardware abierto y sensores de bajo costo. Su objetivo es ayudar a ciudadanos y científicos en la construcción de conocimiento que pueda ser utilizado para participar en las decisiones acerca del metabolismo urbano que afectan la calidad del aire que respiramos.Facultad de Informátic

Tecnologías abiertas para el monitoreo de la calidad del aire: La experiencia del MACA

En las ciudades, vivimos inmersos en una atmósfera compleja y nociva que es elproducto de su frenético metabolismo y representa en la actualidad una de las mayores amenazas para la salud a nivel mundial. En general, se ha considerado una práctica normal que sean solo los expertos al servicio de un organismo científico o ambiental quienes tengan a su cargo la operación de costosas y complejas redes de monitoreo para generar y analizar datos acerca de la calidad del aire. Sin embargo, esta práctica de monitoreo parece estar en crisis y en transición hacia un nuevo paradigma más abierto e inclusivo. Amateurs, hackers, comunidades de afectadas y ciudadanos están utilizando y compartiendo los diseños de equipos científicos abiertos DIY (do it yourself), como también los datos obtenidos con estos dispositivos, cambiando no sólo cómo y por quien son obtenidos los datos, sino también por qué, para qué y cómo los mismos están siendo presentados, y accionados, en la esfera pública. En este trabajo presentaremos nuestra experiencia en el desarrollo y la experimentación con una serie de prototipos abiertos de bajo costo para el monitoreo de la calidad del aire (MACA.) alineados con este nuevo paradigma. Presentaremos las distintas características técnicas de los dispositivos, un análisis de los datos obtenidosde su calibración y sus mediciones en el aire de Mendoza. También presentaremostoda la documentación asociada al proyecto que puede ser consultada en https://gitlab.com/nanocastro/Repo_maca. En conclusión, la construcción y el uso de estos dispositivos nos ha permitido comprender mejor las potencialidades y limitaciones de dichos dispositivos para comenzar a desarrollar nuevas prácticas entorno al monitoreo de la calidad del aire a nivel local.Fil: Castro, Fernando. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Clausen, María Ruth. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Barbeito, María Esther. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Martinis, Estefanía Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Tames, María Florencia. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Perazzo, Fabrizio. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaIV Congreso Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología AmbientalArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Ciencia y Tecnología Ambienta

The Iowa Homemaker vol.23, no.11

Keeping Up With Today, Marilyn Clayton, page 2 Introducing Our Dean, Dr. P. Mabel Nelson, page 3 Add Courtesy to Your Curriculum, Jane Fay, page 4 If I Were a Freshman Again, A Senior, page 5 Please Your Professors, Ruth Midgorden, page 6 Business Home Economics, Katherine Goeppinger, page 7 School Belle Fashions, Josephine Ahern, page 9 Personalize Your College Home, Victoria McKibben, page 10 Write from the College Front, Mary Dodds, page 11 What’s New in Home Economics, Lovilla Holland, page 12 Dietitians Plan for Future, Nell C. Clausen, page 14 Designed for Postwar Living, Mary Krumboltz, page 15 Club Keyed to Wartime, Jean Larson, page 17 Cultural Advantages Await You, Harriet Breckenridge, page 18 Women Advance in Activities, Virginia Carter, page 20 Know Your Honoraries, Frances Kerekes, page 21 Alums in the News, Patricia Maddex, page 2

Variants in GLIS3 and CRY2 Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Chinese Hans

Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a number of common variants associated with fasting glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes in populations of European origin. This is a replication study to examine whether such associations are also observed in Chinese Hans.We genotyped nine variants in or near MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, GLIS3, PROX1, FADS1, C2CD4B, IGF1 and IRS1 in a population-based cohort including 3,210 unrelated Chinese Hans from Beijing and Shanghai.We confirmed the associations of GLIS3-rs7034200 with fasting glucose (beta = 0.07 mmol/l, P = 0.03), beta cell function (HOMA-B) (beta = -3.03%, P = 0.009), and type 2 diabetes (OR [95%CI]  = 1.27 [1.09-1.49], P = 0.003) after adjustment for age, sex, region and BMI. The association for type 2 diabetes remained significant after adjusting for other diabetes related risk factors including family history of diabetes, lipid profile, medication information, hypertension and life style factors, while further adjustment for HOMA-B abolished the association. The A-allele of CRY2-rs11605924 was moderately associated with increased risk of combined IFG/type 2 diabetes (OR [95%CI]  = 1.15[1.01-1.30], P = 0.04). SNPs in or near MADD, ADRA2A, PROX1, FADS1, C2CD4B, IGF1, and IRS1 did not exhibit significant associations with type 2 diabetes or related glycemic traits (P≥0.10).In conclusion, our results indicate the associations of GLIS3 locus with type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Chinese Hans, partially mediated through impaired beta-cell function. In addition, we also found modest evidence for the association of CRY2-rs11605924 with combined IFG/type 2 diabetes

Trial design: Computer guided normal-low versus normal-high potassium control in critically ill patients: Rationale of the GRIP-COMPASS study

Background: Potassium depletion is common in hospitalized patients and can cause serious complications such as cardiac arrhythmias. In the intensive care unit (ICU) the majority of patients require potassium suppletion. However, there are no data regarding the optimal control target in critically ill patients. After open-heart surgery, patients have a strongly increased risk of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (AFF). In a novel trial design, we examined if in these patients different potassium control-targets within the normal range may have different effects on the incidence of AFF. Methods/Design: The "computer-driven Glucose and potassium Regulation program in Intensive care Patients with COMparison of PotASSium targets within normokalemic range (GRIP-COMPASS) trial" is a single-center prospective trial in which a total of 1200 patients are assigned to either a potassium control-target of 4.0 mmol/L or 4.5 mmol/L in consecutive alternating blocks of 50 patients each. Potassium levels are regulated by the computer-assisted potassium suppletion algorithm called GRIP-II (Glucose and potassium regulation for Intensive care Patients). Primary endpoint is the in-hospital incidence of AFF after cardiac surgery. Secondary endpoints are: in-hospital AFF in medical patients or patients after non-cardiac surgery, actually achieved potassium levels and their variation, electrolyte and glucose levels, potassium and insulin requirements, cumulative fluid balance, (ICU) length of stay, ICU mortality, hospital mortality and 90-day mortality. Discussion: The GRIP-COMPASS trial is the first controlled clinical trial to date that compares potassium targets. Other novel methodological elements of the study are that it is performed in ICU patients where both targets are within the normal range and that a computer-assisted potassium suppletion algorithm is used

Assessment of Brain Age in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Findings from the ENIGMA PTSD and Brain Age Working Groups

Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with markers of accelerated aging. Estimates of brain age, compared to chronological age, may clarify the effects of PTSD on the brain and may inform treatment approaches targeting the neurobiology of aging in the context of PTSD. Method Adult subjects (N = 2229; 56.2% male) aged 18–69 years (mean = 35.6, SD = 11.0) from 21 ENIGMA-PGC PTSD sites underwent T1-weighted brain structural magnetic resonance imaging, and PTSD assessment (PTSD+, n = 884). Previously trained voxel-wise (brainageR) and region-of-interest (BARACUS and PHOTON) machine learning pipelines were compared in a subset of control subjects (n = 386). Linear mixed effects models were conducted in the full sample (those with and without PTSD) to examine the effect of PTSD on brain predicted age difference (brain PAD; brain age − chronological age) controlling for chronological age, sex, and scan site. Results BrainageR most accurately predicted brain age in a subset (n = 386) of controls (brainageR: ICC = 0.71, R = 0.72, MAE = 5.68; PHOTON: ICC = 0.61, R = 0.62, MAE = 6.37; BARACUS: ICC = 0.47, R = 0.64, MAE = 8.80). Using brainageR, a three-way interaction revealed that young males with PTSD exhibited higher brain PAD relative to male controls in young and old age groups; old males with PTSD exhibited lower brain PAD compared to male controls of all ages. Discussion Differential impact of PTSD on brain PAD in younger versus older males may indicate a critical window when PTSD impacts brain aging, followed by age-related brain changes that are consonant with individuals without PTSD. Future longitudinal research is warranted to understand how PTSD impacts brain aging across the lifespan

Shells and humans: molluscs and other coastal resources from the earliest human occupations at the Mesolithic shell midden of El Mazo (Asturias, Northern Spain)

Human populations exploited coastal areas with intensity during the Mesolithic in Atlantic Europe, resulting in the accumulation of large shell middens. Northern Spain is one of the most prolific regions, and especially the so-called Asturian area. Large accumulations of shellfish led some scholars to propose the existence of intensification in the exploitation of coastal resources in the region during the Mesolithic. In this paper, shell remains (molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms) from stratigraphic units 114 and 115 (dated to the early Mesolithic c. 9 kys cal BP) at El Mazo cave (Asturias, northern Spain) were studied in order to establish resource exploitation patterns and environmental conditions. Species representation showed that limpets, top shells and sea urchins were preferentially exploited. One-millimetre mesh screens were crucial in establishing an accurate minimum number of individuals for sea urchins and to determine their importance in exploitation patterns. Environmental conditions deduced from shell assemblages indicated that temperate conditions prevailed at the time of the occupation and the morphology of the coastline was similar to today (rocky exposed shores). Information recovered relating to species representation, collection areas and shell biometry reflected some evidence of intensification (reduced shell size, collection in lower areas of exposed shores, no size selection in some units and species) in the exploitation of coastal resources through time. However, the results suggested the existence of changes in collection strategies and resource management, and periods of intense shell collection may have alternated with times of shell stock recovery throughout the Mesolithic.This research was performed as part of the project “The human response to the global climatic change in a littoral zone: the case of the transition to the Holocene in the Cantabrian coast (10,000–5000 cal BC) (HAR2010-22115-C02-01)” funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. AGE was funded by the University of Cantabria through a predoctoral grant and IGZ was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through a Juan de la Cierva grant. We also would like to thank the University of Cantabria and the IIIPC for providing support, David Cuenca-Solana, Alejandro García Moreno and Lucia Agudo Pérez for their help. We also thank Jennifer Jones for correcting the English. Comments from two anonymous reviewers helped to improve the paper

On the issue of transparency and reproducibility in nanomedicine.

Following our call to join in the discussion over the suitability of implementing a reporting checklist for bio-nano papers, the community responds