Measuring social desirability amongst men with intellectual disabilities: The psychometric properties of the Self- and Other-Deception Questionnaire—Intellectual Disabilities

Background Social desirability has been construed as either inaccurately attributing positive characteristics to oneself (self-deception), or inaccurately denying that one possesses undesirable characteristics to others (other-deception or impression management). These conceptualisations of social desirability have not been considered in relation to people with intellectual disabilities (IDs), but they are important constructs to consider when undertaking a psychological assessment of an individual, especially within forensic contexts. Therefore, we revised two existing measures of self- and other-deception and considered their psychometric properties. Methods Thirty-two men with mild IDs and 28 men without IDs completed the Self- and Other-Deception Questionnaires—Intellectual Disabilities (SDQ-ID and ODQ-ID) on two occasions, two weeks apart. Results Men with IDs scored significantly higher on the SDQ-ID and the ODQ-ID than men without IDs. However, these differences disappeared when Full Scale IQ, Verbal IQ and Performance IQ were controlled in relation to the SDQ-ID, and partially disappeared in relation to the ODQ-ID. The SDQ-ID and the ODQ-ID had substantial internal consistency in relation to men with IDs (k = 0.82 and 0.84 respectively). The test-retest reliability of the SDQ-ID was good (ri = 0.68), while the test-retest reliability of the ODQ-ID was moderate (ri = 0.56), for men with IDs. The SDQ-ID had moderate (k = 0.60) and the ODQ-ID had substantial (k = 0.70) internal consistency in relation to men without IDs, while the test-retest reliability of the SDQ-ID was excellent (ri = 0.87) as was the case for the ODQ-ID (ri = 0.85). Conclusions The SDQ-ID and the ODQ-ID have satisfactory psychometric properties in relation to men with and without IDs. Future research using these instruments is propose

Understanding and responding to challenging behaviour: from theory to practice

While the concept of "challenging behaviour" is socially defined, it often involves persistent behaviour with serious physical and social consequences for the person and others. Challenging behaviour is relatively common amongst people with learning disabilities and often poorly dealt with. Models for understanding such behaviour have developed over time and can now provide a relatively sophisticated account. Such models are of immense use in understanding the behaviour of individuals and have clear implications for the development of individualised interventions. They also have implications for the design and organisation of services which will more competently support people with challenging behaviour and, as far as possible, prevent its emergence in those at risk

Developing an understanding of the literature pertaining to the moral development of people with intellectual disabilities. Developmental Review.

Recent reviews of moral development theory (Gibbs, Basinger, Grime, & Snarey, 2007) demonstrate that revisionist theoretical perspectives have cross cultural validity, but moral development in relation to people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) has not been considered within this literature. A structured review of the published literature relating to children, adolescents and adults with IDs, and moral development was carried out. Twenty studies meeting the inclusion criteria were found. The review indicated that people with IDs may not progress through the developmental stages of moral reasoning as quickly as typically developing peers, or reach the more advanced stages. This difference from non-disabled peers tends to disappear if groups are matched on some measure of cognitive ability. However, the studies are fraught with methodological problems and there is a need for further research, given the theoretical developments within the area of moral development, including the evidence of a relationship between moral development and anti-social behaviour amongst typically developing children and adolescents

A Felső-Tisza vidékének vízerőkészlet vizsgálata.

Szakdolgozatom kezdetén bemutatom közvetlen régiónk és hazánk vízenergia hasznosítását, majd áttérek a Felső-Tisza vidékén található nagy folyók - Tisza, Túr, Szamos, Kraszna - vízgyűjtő területeinek lehatárolására, amit kiegészítek vízhozam adatok elemzésével, majd egy kiválasztott műtárgyon javaslatot teszek egy megvalósuló vízenergia hasznosítás esetleges módosítására.szakirányú továbbképzésMegújuló energetikai szakemberg