RESGATE E CRÍTICA DA CONCEPÇÃO MODERNA DE CIDADANIA: PERSPECTIVAS DE DISCUSSÃO ABERTAS POR TEÓRICOS PÓS-COLONIAIS

Este artigo propõe trajeto de resgate e crítica da concepção moderna de cidadania. Primeiro, busca-se, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, delimitar o universo teórico-conceitual da cidadania dentro do contexto da modernidade e da colonialidade, destacando a relação entre cidadania e direitos. O segundo momento deste trabalho dedica-se a tecer reflexão crítica sobre a construção obtida na primeira parte, a partir de pontos de vista pós-coloniais. Intenta-se trazer a lume o corte essencialista do binômio eu-cidadão/outro-não cidadão, presente não apenas em discursos provenientes de centros de poder institucionalizado, mas também em instâncias de resistência e crítica da postura estatal. Sugere-se, enfim, uma terceira via: a do homem livre que se constroi no encontro com outros homens, perspectiva que se desenvolve em duas ramificações pertinentes à cidadania: o reconhecimento do direito enquanto processo e da diferença entre sujeitos enquanto produto de relações

Tons liberais do período patrístico em História da origem e estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal, de Alexandre Herculano * Liberal shades of the patristic period in História da origem e estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal, by Alexandre Herculano

Este trabalho busca delinear como Herculano, em História da origem e estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal (1854-1859), aborda historiograficamente elementos relativos ao período de formação da cristandade, a era patrística. Leva-se em conta como os elementos em si são tratados e também o contraste entre tal tratamento e aquele conferido pelo autor a eventos temporalmente mais próximos, caso da Inquisição portuguesa. Em um primeiro momento, é esboçado como Herculano situa-se no cenário político, jurídico e religioso de Portugal no século XIX, a fim de que, em seguida, possa-se adentrar em sua produção historiográfica. Como conclusão, verifica-se que o período patrístico, em Herculano, caracteriza-se pela tolerância material do clero, pela autonomia e horizontalidade episcopal, sendo investido de significativo matiz liberal.

Discurso de ódio em redes sociais e reconhecimento do outro: o caso M. = Hate speech in social networks and recognition of the other: the M. case

- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-617220190

Corpora and evaluation tools for multilingual named entity grammar development

We present an effort for the development of multilingual named entity grammars in a unification-based finite-state formalism (SProUT). Following an extended version of the MUC7 standard, we have developed Named Entity Recognition grammars for German, Chinese, Japanese, French, Spanish, English, and Czech. The grammars recognize person names, organizations, geographical locations, currency, time and date expressions. Subgrammars and gazetteers are shared as much as possible for the grammars of the different languages. Multilingual corpora from the business domain are used for grammar development and evaluation. The annotation format (named entity and other linguistic information) is described. We present an evaluation tool which provides detailed statistics and diagnostics, allows for partial matching of annotations, and supports user-defined mappings between different annotation and grammar output formats

Competence oriented study in engineering education: examples from the practicing programme

The interdisciplinary and agile processing of projects in teams increasingly characterizes the engineer’s work. Problem-solving skills, creativity, entrepreneurship, and initiative, as well as the ability to engage in dialog and conflict resolution, are relevant competencies for this. All engineering students at TU Ilmenau can work on complex interdisciplinary projects in teams (practicING projects) right from the start of their studies. Participants in these practicING projects can also experience significant steps, aspects, and system engineering methods for demand-oriented products. The paper describes the motivation, the learning goals and methodology of practicING projects from the perspective of the supervising teachers and the participating students. Two examples illustrate the potential of the practicING concept: the projects "Wind turbine model with digital twin" and "CrossLab/ experimental ball drop test environment". Experiences in implementing the practicING projects to date are presented, as well as limitations and possibilities for further development

Using State Space Grids for Modeling Temporal Team Dynamics

We outline the potential of dynamics systems theory for researching team processes and highlight how state space grids, as a methodological application rooted in the dynamic systems perspective, can help build new knowledge about temporal team dynamics. Specifically, state space grids visualize the relationship between two categorical variables that are synchronized in time, allowing the (team) researcher to track and capture the emerging structure of social processes. In addition to being a visualization tool, state space grids offer various quantifications of the dynamic properties of the team system. These measures tap into both the content and the structure of the dynamic team system. We highlight the implications of the state space grid technique for team science and discuss research areas that could benefit most from the method. To illustrate the various opportunities of state space grids, we provide an application example based on coded team interaction data. Moreover, we provide a step-by-step tutorial for researchers interested in using the state space grid technique and provide an overview of current software options. We close with a discussion of how researchers and practitioners can use state space grids for team training and team development

Avaliação do potencial antimutagênico do ácido tânico em células somáticas de drosophila melanogaster

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Broad Neutralization by a Combination of Antibodies Recognizing the CD4 Binding Site and a New Conformational Epitope on the HIV-1 Envelope Protein

Two to three years after infection, a fraction of HIV-1–infected individuals develop serologic activity that neutralizes most viral isolates. Broadly neutralizing antibodies that recognize the HIV-1 envelope protein have been isolated from these patients by single-cell sorting and by neutralization screens. Here, we report a new method for anti–HIV-1 antibody isolation based on capturing single B cells that recognize the HIV-1 envelope protein expressed on the surface of transfected cells. Although far less efficient than soluble protein baits, the cell-based capture method identified antibodies that bind to a new broadly neutralizing epitope in the vicinity of the V3 loop and the CD4-induced site (CD4i). The new epitope is expressed on the cell surface form of the HIV-1 spike, but not on soluble forms of the same envelope protein. Moreover, the new antibodies complement the neutralization spectrum of potent broadly neutralizing anti-CD4 binding site (CD4bs) antibodies obtained from the same individual. Thus, combinations of potent broadly neutralizing antibodies with complementary activity can account for the breadth and potency of naturally arising anti–HIV-1 serologic activity. Therefore, vaccines aimed at eliciting anti–HIV-1 serologic breadth and potency should not be limited to single epitopes

Phenotyping in the era of genomics: MaTrics—a digital character matrix to document mammalian phenotypic traits

A new and uniquely structured matrix of mammalian phenotypes, MaTrics (Mammalian Traits for Comparative Genomics) in a digital form is presented. By focussing on mammalian species for which genome assemblies are available, MaTrics provides an interface between mammalogy and comparative genomics. MaTrics was developed within a project aimed to find genetic causes of phenotypic traits of mammals using Forward Genomics. This approach requires genomes and comprehensive and recorded information on homologous phenotypes that are coded as discrete categories in a matrix. MaTrics is an evolving online resource providing information on phenotypic traits in numeric code; traits are coded either as absent/present or with several states as multistate. The state record for each species is linked to at least one reference (e.g., literature, photographs, histological sections, CT scans, or museum specimens) and so MaTrics contributes to digitalization of museum collections. Currently, MaTrics covers 147 mammalian species and includes 231 characters related to structure, morphology, physiology, ecology, and ethology and available in a machine actionable NEXUS-format*. Filling MaTrics revealed substantial knowledge gaps, highlighting the need for phenotyping efforts. Studies based on selected data from MaTrics and using Forward Genomics identified associations between genes and certain phenotypes ranging from lifestyles (e.g., aquatic) to dietary specializations (e.g., herbivory, carnivory). These findings motivate the expansion of phenotyping in MaTrics by filling research gaps and by adding taxa and traits. Only databases like MaTrics will provide machine actionable information on phenotypic traits, an important limitation to genomics. MaTrics is available within the data repository Morph·D·Base (www.morphdbase.de)