Final technical report for the young marriage and parenthood study (YMAPS)

The study aims to generate new research evidence of international relevance on child marriage, towards improving programs and policies addressing life course poverty and gender inequality. This summary report draws from country team reports and country-specific policy briefs. It situates early marriage, cohabitation, and parenthood within a broader social and societal framework. Research activities were interwoven in a wider process of policy discussions and dissemination workshops as well as cross-cutting comparative analyses aimed at a global audience. Across all settings pertaining to the young marriage and parenthood study (YMAPS) there is lack of access among adolescents to the support, services and information they need in terms of contraception.University of Oxfor

Toxicity and Carcinogenicity of T-Butyl a Lcohol in Rats and Mice Following Chronic Exposure in Drinking Water

t-Butyl alcohol (TBA) was administered in drinking water to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice for two years using 60 animals/dose/sex/species. Male rats received doses of 0, 1.25, 2.5, or 5 mg/ml and females received 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/ml, resulting in average daily doses of approximately 85, 195, or 420 mg TBA/kg body weight for males and 175, 330, or 650 mg/kg for females. Ten rats per group were evaluated after 15 months. Male and female mice received doses of 0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/ml, resulting in average daily doses of approximately 535, 1,035, or 2,065 mg TBA/kg body weight for males and 510, 1,015, or 2,105 mg/kg for females. Survival was significantly reduced in male rats receiving 5 mg/ml, female rats receiving 10 mg/ml, and male mice receiving 20 mg/ml. Long-term exposure to TBA produced increased incidences of renal tubule adenoma and carcinoma in male rats; transitional epithelial hyperplasia of the kidney in male and female rats; follicular cell adenoma of the thyroid in female mice; and follicular cell hyperplasia of the thyroid and inflammation and hyperplasia of the urinary bladder in male and female mice. In addition, a slight increase in follicular cell adenoma or carcinoma of the thyroid (combined) in male mice may have been related to the administration of TBA. </jats:p