How does Doctors’ Information Sharing Behavior Influence Reputation in Online Health Consultation Platform?

The online health consultation platforms provide a unique context for doctors to share health information privately and publicly. However, how doctors’ reputation is shaped in the context of online information sharing has been largely neglected in the current literature. This study explores the relationship between information sharing and reputation by distinguishing private and public information sharing behaviours and investigating the contingent roles of doctors’ professional and online seniority. Data from a leading online consultation platform in China was obtained to test the research model and associated hypotheses. The results reveal that both private and public sharing can contribute to doctors’ online reputation and the effects of the two information sharing behaviours are different about doctors within different professional and online seniority. This study contributes to the literature on health information sharing and online reputation development

Graded-index breathing solitons from Airy pulses in multimode fibers

Breathing solitons, as localized wave packets with a periodic evolution in amplitude and duration, are able to model extreme wave events in complex nonlinear dispersive systems. We have numerically studied the formation and manipulation of graded-index breathing solitons embedded in nonlinear multimode fibers based on a single nonlinear Schrödinger equation that includes the spatial self-imaging effect through a periodically varying nonlinear parameter. Through changing specific parameters of the input optical field, we can manipulate the period and depth of graded-index breathing soliton dynamics under different relative strengths between the dispersion length and the self-imaging period of the multimode fiber. Our study can explicitly derive a robust mechanism to control the behavior of the breathing localized structure directly and contribute to a better understanding of the much more complex nonlinear graded-index soliton dynamics in multimode fibers

Optical event horizon-based complete transformation and control of dark solitons

We propose a manipulation approach to vary the wave speed, as well as the grayness, of dark solitons under the optical event horizon arising from the interaction between a dark soliton and a probe wave. To the best of our knowledge, the optical event horizon effect is demonstrated for the first time to be capable of inducing a reversible conversion between a black soliton and a gray one. This reversible soliton transformation and control process originates from the intrinsic competition between the probe-induced nonlinear phase shift and the internal phase of the dark soliton. In a cascaded system consisting of two optical event horizons, we also observe the new optical soliton tunneling phenomena where a dark soliton can be reset longitudinally purposely. The results may find applications in information cloaking such as effectively hiding the presence of intermediate fiber section to the receiver

Dark solitons manipulation using optical event horizon

We demonstrate that the optical event horizon can provide an effective technique to actively control the propagation properties of a dark soliton with another weak probe wave. Careful power adjustment of the probe wave enables the black soliton converted into a gray one with varying grayness through the nonlinear interaction, corresponding to a nearly adiabatic variation of the soliton’s speed. The sign of the phase angle for the newly formed gray soliton at optical event horizon is significantly dependent on the frequency of the launched probe wave. Linear-stability analysis of dark solitons under the perturbation of a weak probe wave is performed to clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the nonlinear interaction. The probe wave manipulated collisional dynamics between both dark solitons are investigated as an analogue of the combined white-hole and black-hole horizons which provides some insights into exploring the transition between integrable and non-integrable systems

Active control of adiabatic soliton fission by external dispersive wave at optical event horizon

We show that the group-velocity-led optical event horizon (OEH) in optical fibers provides a convenient way to actively control the propagation property of higher-order solitons by a comparatively weak dispersive wave (DW) pulse. It has been found numerically that clean soliton breakup, a process by which a second-order soliton completely splits into a pair of constituent solitons with vastly different power proportions after interacting with the weak DW pulse, will occur while external DWs become polychromatic. The temporal separation between both constituent solitons can be controlled by adjusting the power of the external DW. The more energetic main soliton is advanced/trailed in time depending on the selected frequency of input DW pulse. We have developed an analytic formalism describing the external acting-force (AF) perturbation. These results provide a fundamental explanation and physical scaling of optical pulse evolution in optical fibers and can find applications in improved supercontinuum sources

Widely wavelength-tunable mid-infrared fluoride fiber lasers

We demonstrate widely wavelength-tunable continuous-wave (CW) and Q-switched Er3+-doped ZBLAN fluoride fiber lasers operating around 3 μm enabled by a volume Bragg grating (VBG). In the CW operation regime, a total wavelength tuning range of over 160-nm spanning from 2694 to 2854 nm has been achieved. For the Q-switched mode of operation, a slightly modified resonator configuration, incorporating a passive Q-switcher, topological insulator Bi2Te3 nanosheets, can produce stable pulse trains with a pulse width of 880 ns at a repetition rate of 81 kHz, while maintaining a wavelength tuning range of 62 nm from 2762 to 2824 nm through adjusting the VBG. In both operation regimes, the output spectral width is measured to be <;0.3 nm (full-width at half-maximum) over the whole tuning range. Our work both demonstrates the great wavelength-tuning potential of the Er3+ -doped fluoride fiber laser, and also paves a way for the development of a range of high-performance midinfrared laser sources

Multimetric structural covariance in first-episode major depressive disorder: a graph theoretical analysis

Background: Abnormalities of cortical morphology have been consistently reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), with widespread focal alterations in cortical thickness, surface area and gyrification. However, it is unclear whether these distributed focal changes disrupt the system-level architecture (topology) of brain morphology in MDD. If present, such a topological disruption might explain the mechanisms that underlie altered cortical morphology in MDD. Methods: Seventy-six patients with first-episode MDD (33 male, 43 female) and 66 healthy controls (32 male, 34 female) underwent structural MRI scans. We calculated cortical indices, including cortical thickness, surface area and local gyrification index, using FreeSurfer. We constructed morphological covariance networks using the 3 cortical indices separately, and we analyzed the topological properties of these group-level morphological covariance networks using graph theoretical approaches. Results: Topological differences between patients with first-episode MDD and healthy controls were restricted to the thickness-based network. We found a significant decrease in global efficiency but an increase in local efficiency of the left superior frontal gyrus and the right paracentral lobule in patients with first-episode MDD. When we simulated targeted lesions affecting the most highly connected nodes, the thickness-based networks in patients with first-episode MDD disintegrated more rapidly than those in healthy controls. Limitations: Our sample of patients with first-episode MDD has limited generalizability to patients with chronic and recurrent MDD. Conclusion: A systems-level disruption in cortical thickness (but not surface area or gyrification) occurs in patients with first-episode MDD

Graded-index breathing solitons from Airy pulses in multimode fibers

Breathing solitons, as localized wave packets with a periodic evolution in amplitude and duration, are able to model extreme wave events in complex nonlinear dispersive systems. We have numerically studied the formation and manipulation of graded-index breathing solitons embedded in nonlinear multimode fibers based on a single nonlinear Schrödinger equation that includes the spatial self-imaging effect through a periodically varying nonlinear parameter. Through changing specific parameters of the input optical field, we can manipulate the period and depth of graded-index breathing soliton dynamics under different relative strengths between the dispersion length and the self-imaging period of the multimode fiber. Our study can explicitly derive a robust mechanism to control the behavior of the breathing localized structure directly and contribute to a better understanding of the much more complex nonlinear graded-index soliton dynamics in multimode fibers