Die Präsentation der österreichischen Malerei auf der Wiener Weltausstellung 1873

Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Ausstellung österreichischer Ölgemälde auf der Wiener Weltausstellung 1873. Ihr Anspruch war es, »das Culturleben der Gegenwart und das Gesamtgebiet der Volkswirtschaft« darzustellen und deren weiteren Fortschritt zu fördern. Das thematische Hauptgewicht lag, wie bei den vorangegangenen vier Welt- ausstellungen, bei der Industrie und Technik. In Wien stellte man erstmals das Kulturleben der Industrie als gleichwertig gegenüber. Neben der Industrie- und Maschinenhalle, dem ethnographischen Dorf usw. , entstand der Gebäudekomplex der Kunsthalle. Dieser umfasste die Kunsthalle, zwei »pavillons des amateurs« und den Kunsthof. Neben der Ausstellung älterer Kunstsammlungen, Skulpturen und Architektur der diversen Ausstellerländer bildete die moderne Malerei das Herzstück der Kunsthalle. Gemäß den Vorgaben der Organisatoren sollten die gezeigten Kunstobjekte aus den 10 Jahren vor der Weltausstellung in Wien stammen. Demgemäß lautet der offizielle Titel der Abteilung »Bildende Kunst der Gegenwart«. Um eine umfassende Kenntnis der Kunstschau zu vermitteln wird ein Überblick über die politischen Entwicklungen in den Jahrzehnten vor der Weltausstellung und über das Wiener Kulturgeschehen gegeben. Neben den Sälen der einzelnen Länder, in denen ausschließlich dort geborene oder aktuell lebende Künstler ihre Werke ausstellten, gab es einen Zentralsaal, in dem die Hauptwerke der teilnehmenden Nationen gegenübergestellt wurden. Hier zeigte sich die Schwerpunktsetzung der verschiedenen Nationen. In der Beurteilung der österreichischen Präsentation muss die enge Beziehung des Kaiserhauses zu der Weltausstellung untersucht werden. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, anhand der zahlreich vorhandenen Quellen die österreichische Kunstabteilung einerseits als Teil der Weltausstellung und andererseits im Rahmen des allgemeinen Kulturgeschehens in Wien aufzuarbeiten. Hierbei werden einzelne Künstler exemplarisch herausgegriffen und ihre Werke näher besprochen. Zum vorhandenen Quellenmaterial zählen Fotografien der Ausstellung, Korrespondenzen der Organisatoren und Berichterstattungen zeitgenössischer Kritiker. Vor allem soll versucht werden die Verbindung zwischen bildlichen und schriftlichen Quellen herzustellen und so einen umfassenden Überblick über die Ausstellung zu vermitteln

Digital Decarbonization: Design Principles for an Enterprise-wide Emissions Data Architecture

The need for corporate decarbonization to mitigate climate change is reflected in a growing number of political measures to transparently disclose the environmental impact of corporate activities. Due to increasing reporting obligations, companies must constantly evaluate their own as well as suppliers' products and processes with respect to emissions data. To date, guidelines on how to design a data architecture focusing on the collection, storage, transformation, distribution, and disclosure of emissions data throughout an entire company are still lacking. Working with the design science research paradigm, we develop seven design principles for an enterprise-wide emissions data architecture (EEDA). We develop and iterate these principles by performing a structured literature review and semi-structured interviews. Taking this emission-centric perspective on data architecture, we foster the active engagement for a structured enterprise-wide approach for managing emissions data and coping with the increased demand for emissions reporting

Autism spectrum disorders in children and adolescents with Moebius sequence

Moebius sequence is a rare congenital disorder usually defined as a combination of facial weakness with impairment of ocular abduction. A strong association of Moebius sequence with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has been suggested in earlier studies with heterogenous age groups. The primary caregivers of all children and adolescents with Moebius sequence aged 6–17 years known to the German Moebius foundation were anonymously asked to complete two screening measures of ASD [Behavior and Communication Questionnaire (VSK); Marburger Asperger’s Syndrome Rating Scale (MBAS)]. For those who reached the cut-off for ASD, well standardized diagnostic instruments (Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, WISC-III, and Kinder-DIPS) should be administered. Minimal diagnostic criteria for Moebius sequence were congenital facial weakness (uni- or bilateral) and impairment of ocular abduction (uni- or bilateral). Familiar cases should be excluded. The primary caregivers of 35/46 children and adolescents (18 males, 17 females, mean age 11.5 years) sent back completed questionnaires, but only 27 subjects met inclusion criteria. According to the primary caregivers, none of these subjects showed mental retardation. Two probands (both males 9 and 16 years old) reached the cut-off of the MBAS whereas the results of the VSK did not indicate ASDs in any of the patients. The 9 year old boy could be examined personally and did not meet diagnostic criteria of ASD. ASDs might be not as frequent as reported in previous studies on patients with Moebius sequence, at least not in patients without mental retardation

External Model Performance Evaluation of Twelve Infliximab Population Pharmacokinetic Models in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Infliximab is approved for treatment of various chronic inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, high variability in infliximab trough levels has been associated with diverse response rates. Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) with population pharmacokinetic models could help to individualize infliximab dosing regimens and improve therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive performance of published infliximab population pharmacokinetic models for IBD patients with an external data set. The data set consisted of 105 IBD patients with 336 infliximab concentrations. Literature review identified 12 published models eligible for external evaluation. Model performance was evaluated with goodness-of-fit plots, prediction- and variability-corrected visual predictive checks (pvcVPCs) and quantitative measures. For anti-drug antibody (ADA)-negative patients, model accuracy decreased for predictions > 6 months, while bias did not increase. In general, predictions for patients developing ADA were less accurate for all models investigated. Two models with the highest classification accuracy identified necessary dose escalations (for trough concentrations < 5 µg/mL) in 88% of cases. In summary, population pharmacokinetic modeling can be used to individualize infliximab dosing and thereby help to prevent infliximab trough concentrations dropping below the target trough concentration. However, predictions of infliximab concentrations for patients developing ADA remain challenging

Lebenslagen von lsbtiq* Personen in Sachsen: Ergebnisse und Handlungsbedarfe

Die Studie erforscht erstmals spezifisch für Sachsen die Lebenslagen von lesbischen, schwulen, bisexuellen, trans*geschlechtlichen, intergeschlechtlichen, nicht-binären und queeren (lsbtiq*) Menschen und erhebt methodisch breit sowie inhaltlich tiefgehend Daten zu deren Erfahrungen in unterschiedlichen Lebensbereichen. Sie zeigt die Vielfalt von lsbtiq* Personen, enthält Ausführungen zu Lebenszufriedenheit, positiven und negativen Erfahrungen sowie Chancennachteilen und zeigt Handlungsbedarfe und -möglichkeiten auf. Redaktionsschluss: 15.06.202

Fossilierung – von der Funktion zur Form: Beiträge einer studentischen Tagung des Instituts für Germanistik an der Universität Leipzig

Der Sammelband vereint verschiedene Beiträge zu Grammatikalisierungsphänomenen und ist das Resultat einer studentischen Tagung am Institut für Germanistik der Universität Leipzig. Behandelt werden neben allgemeineren Tendenzen des Sprachwandels u.a. Wechselwirkungen von Metonymie und Metapher oder spezifische Eigenheiten bei Grammatikalisierungsprozessen von Modalverben

Social stability in semiferal ponies: networks show interannual stability alongside seasonal flexibility

Long-term relationships that underlie many stable mammalian groups often occur between philopatric kin. Although stable groups of nonrelatives appear to be less common, there is increasing evidence that social bonds between nonkin may confer sufficient intrinsic fitness benefits for these groups to persist. Here we evaluate whether social stability occurs in a bisexually dispersing species where social bonds have been shown to have reproductive benefits: the feral horse, Equus caballus. First, we quantified female social stability by applying a three-level framework to a 3-year data set of associations in semiferal ponies; this tested for stability at the individual, dyadic and subpopulation levels. Despite the relative weakness of these female bonds, we found significant social stability across all levels, as shown by stable association preferences, social networks and individual network positions. Second, we investigated how seasonality impacts on social bond strength and grouping patterns. We found seasonal fluctuations in female gregariousness, with a peak during the mating season. We therefore propose that significant social stability in female horses is coupled with a degree of flexibility that allows for effects of ecological fluctuations. Although social network analysis is widely used in behavioural ecological research, this is one of only a handful of studies to assess the temporal dynamics of networks over a significant timescale. Temporal stability in female relationships suggests that equid social structures are multifaceted: although bonds between stallions and mares are clearly strong, long-term relationships between mares underpin the social network structure. We suggest this framework could be used to assess social stability in other group-living species in order to improve our understanding of the nature of social bonds

An annotated bird checklist for Gam island, Raja Ampat, including field notes on species monitoring and conservation

Species checklists are a fundamental component of biodiversity research. They foster understanding of species distributions and habitat preferences, thus reducing gaps of knowledge in geographical occurrences of species. Especially in light of the limited availability of data on species distributions for Tanah Papua, an increasing scientific focus on the region is crucial to foster and refine the knowledge of species occurrences and to inform potential conservation planning. Despite a strong focus on conservation of Raja Ampat´s marine areas, surprisingly few studies have focused on the terrestrial biodiversity of the archipelago. As a consequence, detailed species checklists are largely missing. Here, we provide a preliminary bird species checklist for the island of Gam and its surrounding islands, located in the central Raja Ampat archipelago. During nine sampling periods between 2013 and 2019, we recorded 132 bird species in six distinct habitat types. Of the detected species, six are considered threatened by IUCN Red List criteria. We further recorded three new species for Gam Island, thereby expanding their known extent of occurrence