Environment and Scheduling Effects on Sprint and Middle Distance Running Performances

International audiencePurpose: Achievement of athletes' performances is related to several factors including physiological, environmental and institutional cycles where physical characteristics are involved. The objective of this study is to analyse the performance achieved in professional sprint and middle-distance running events (100 m to 1500 m) depending on the organization of the annual calendar of track events and their environmental conditions.Methods: From 2002 to 2008, all performances of the Top 50 international athletes in the 100 m to 1500 m races (men and women) are collected. The historical series of world records and the 10 best annual performances in these events, amounted to a total of 26,544 performances, are also included in the study.Results: Two periods with a higher frequency of peak performances are observed. The first peak occurs around the 27.15 th 60.21 week (first week of July) and the second peak around 34.75 th 60.14 week (fourth week of August). The second peak tends to be the time of major international competitions (Olympic Games, World Championships, and European Championships) and could be characterized as an institutional moment. The first one, however, corresponds to an environmental optimum as measured by the narrowing of the temperature range at the highest performance around 23.2563.26uC.Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that there are two performance peaks at a specific time of year (27th and 34th weeks) in sprint and middle distance. Both institutional and ecophysiological aspects contribute to performance in the 100 m to 1500 m best performances and define the contours of human possibilities. Sport institutions may take this into account in order to provide ideal conditions to improve the next records

Implementation and performances of a DPM federated storage and integration within the ATLAS environment

The increase of storage usage at the HL-LHC horizon will induce scalability challenges on the data management tools and storage operation by site administrators. The evaluation of possible solutions for storage and their access within the DOMA, DOMA-FR (IN2P3 project contribution to DOMA) and ESCAPE initiatives is a major activity to select the most optimal ones from the experiment and site point of views. The LAPP and LPSC teams have put their expertise and computing infrastructures together to build the FR-ALPES federation and set up a DPM federated storage. Based on their experience of Tier2 WLCG site management, their implication in the ATLAS Grid infrastructure and thanks to the flexibility of ATLAS and Rucio tools, the integration of this federation into the ATLAS Grid infrastructure has been straightforward. In addition, the integrated DPM caching mechanism including volatile pools is also implemented. This infrastructure is foreseen to be a testbed for a DPM component within a DataLake. This presentation will describe the testbed (infrastructures separated by few ms in Round Trip Time unit) and its integration into the ATLAS computing framework. The impact on the sites and ATLAS operations of both the testbed implementation and its use will also be shown, as well as the measured performances on data access speed and reliability

A. Distribution of world records (WR) date (day) in 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m running events from 1952 to 2010. B. Mean distribution of world records (WR) date (day) in 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m running events by decade from 1952 to 2010. The mean date is: 206,09 th day.

<p>A. Distribution of world records (WR) date (day) in 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m running events from 1952 to 2010. B. Mean distribution of world records (WR) date (day) in 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m running events by decade from 1952 to 2010. The mean date is: 206,09 th day.</p

Percent category (PC) depending on temperature: comparison of temperature at different level from 97 PC to 100 PC in 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m.

<p>Respectively, in each half PC the mean are 23.12°C, 23.49°C, 23.23°C, 22.89°C, 22.63°C and 23.25°C and the median are 23.00°C, 23.00°C, 22.00°C, 22.00°C, 21.00°C and 22.50°C. INSET: Temperature density (ie. number of recorded temperatures) per PC computed over a mesh. The maximal density is computed at 23°C and 97.59% and progressively decreases as PC increase (due to the decrease in performance number). The density decreases as temperature increases or decreases from the maximal density (due to the effect of temperature on performance).</p

Relation between day of the performance and year in men and women.

<p><b>A.</b> Average day of the achievement of the performance in the top 10 at the 100^th ±49.77. <b>B.</b> Average day of the achievement of the performance in the top 10 at the 100 m women since 1921. For all years combined, the average day is the 202.52^th±44.0.</p

Figure 1. Number of performances per week and per percent category (PC) by (i) major competitions (Olympic Games (OG), World Championships (WC), American selections (US), European championships (EC)), (ii) Golden League and the others meetings (iii).

<p>INSET: Dates (week) of peaks performance modeling by PC.</p

Reply to the comment of Brinster et al. “Acquired hemophilia, rheumatoid arthritis, and TNFα antagonists”

Comment on:- Acquired hemophilia possibly induced by etanercept in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. [Joint Bone Spine. 2015]- Acquired hemophilia, rheumatoid arthritis, and TNFα antagonists: Comment on the article "Acquired hemophilia possibly induced by etanercept in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis" by Banse et al., Joint Bone Spine 2015;82:200-2. [Joint Bone Spine. 2015]International audienceCorrespondanc

Genetic diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies: A survey of the French national registry

International audienceTo the Editor:Since the mid-1980s, continuous progress in genetics and genomics has accelerated the rapid identification of causative genetic variants leading to primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs; >300 genes),1 with the noticeable exception of B-cell disorders, such as common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The identification of these mutations not only validates a clinical diagnosis but also is useful in several other respects (more accurate prognosis on phenotype/genotype correlation, targeted therapy, and genetic counseling). [...