Interpreter Training in Spain: Past and Present

Este artículo aborda la formación en interpretación en las universidades españolas desde que se inició en 1979. Se analizan los problemas asociados con el contenido en Interpretación de la Licenciatura en Traducción e Interpretación, vigente hasta hace poco, tales como la inclusión en el plan de estudios de asignaturas obligatorias que pretendían formar en las técnicas de interpretación utilizadas en Interpretación de Conferencia sin contar con la garantía de que los estudiantes cumplieran otros prerrequisitos necesarios para iniciar la formación en este género de interpretación. En la actualidad se está implantando la nueva titulación de Grado, y las universidades disfrutan de más libertad en la confección de sus planes de estudios. El panorama ahora es muy variado. Numerosas universidades han reducido sus créditos obligatorios en interpretación, al tiempo que han aumentado los créditos optativos. Aún así, sigue habiendo bastantes universidades que incluyen créditos obligatorios en interpretación simultánea. Parece que los títulos de Máster no acaban de consolidarse y otros géneros de interpretación (aparte de la interpretación de conferencia) han entrado en el plan de estudios.This paper deals with interpreter training in Spanish universities since its onset in 1979. Problems associated with the interpreting component in the recently phased out Licenciatura (4 year undergraduate course) in Translation and Interpreting are analysed. Such problems included the presence of compulsory subjects in the main conference interpreting techniques, without other prerequisites for beginning this training being guaranteed. At the current time a new degree is being introduced in the framework of the EHEA (Grado, also a 4 year undergraduate course) which affords much more freedom to the universities in the design of their syllabus. The results are very varied. Many universities have reduced their compulsory credits in interpreting and now offer more optional credits. Despite this trend, there are still a significant number of universities with compulsory credits in simultaneous interpreting. Master’s Degrees seem to be having difficulties in becoming consolidated and new genres of interpretation (other than conference interpreting) are being included in degree programmes

Everolimus for patients with mantle cell lymphoma refractory to or intolerant of bortezomib: multicentre, single‐arm, phase 2 study

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106815/1/bjh12780.pd

Optimal deployment of components of cloud-hosted application for guaranteeing multitenancy isolation

One of the challenges of deploying multitenant cloud-hosted services that are designed to use (or be integrated with) several components is how to implement the required degree of isolation between the components when there is a change in the workload. Achieving the highest degree of isolation implies deploying a component exclusively for one tenant; which leads to high resource consumption and running cost per component. A low degree of isolation allows sharing of resources which could possibly reduce cost, but with known limitations of performance and security interference. This paper presents a model-based algorithm together with four variants of a metaheuristic that can be used with it, to provide near-optimal solutions for deploying components of a cloud-hosted application in a way that guarantees multitenancy isolation. When the workload changes, the model based algorithm solves an open multiclass QN model to determine the average number of requests that can access the components and then uses a metaheuristic to provide near-optimal solutions for deploying the components. Performance evaluation showed that the obtained solutions had low variability and percent deviation when compared to the reference/optimal solution. We also provide recommendations and best practice guidelines for deploying components in a way that guarantees the required degree of isolation

Effect of the substrate-holder bias voltage on the physical and chemical properties of a Si:H thin films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering

International audienc

Aluminium-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on glasses

Amorphous silicon (a-Si) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering technique with argon and hydrogen plasma mixture on Al deposited by thermal evaporation on glass substrates. The a-Si/Al and a-Si:H/Al thin films were annealed at different temperatures ranging from 250 to 550 °C during 4 h in vacuum-sealed bulb. The effects of annealing temperature on optical, structural and morphological properties of as-grown as well as the vacuum-annealed a-Si/Al and a-Si:H/Al thin films are presented in this contribution. The averaged transmittance of a-Si:H/Al film increases upon increasing the annealing temperature. XRD measurements clearly evidence that crystallization is initiated at 450 °C. The number and intensity of diffraction peaks appearing in the diffraction patterns are more important in a-Si:H/Al than that in a-Si/Al layers. Results show that a-Si:H films deposited on Al/glass crystallize above 450 °C and present better crystallization than the a-Si layers. The presence of hydrogen induces an improvement of structural properties of poly-Si prepared by aluminium-induced crystallization (AIC

Linear and non-linear dielectric properties of a short-pitch ferroelectric liquid crystal stabilized by a polymer network

Linear and non-linear dielectric measurements were carried out on a ferroelectric liquid crystal stabilized by an anisotropic polymer network. The polymerization process was achieved at room temperature. It was performed from an achiral monomer in the ferroelectric chiral smectic C phase, exhibiting a very short helical pitch and a large polarization. The linear and non-linear dielectric spectroscopy were also completed by textural morphology as well as structural and ferroelectric characterizations. All these measurements were carried out on a pure ferroelectric liquid crystal material and on composite films containing two polymer concentrations. The increase of the polymer network density leads to a decrease of the dielectric strength determined in the linear and non-linear dielectric spectroscopy. The complementarity between the linear and non-linear dielectric measurements and their confrontation with a theoretical model allowed the simultaneous determination of some physical parameters such as macroscopic polarization, rotational viscosity and twist elastic energy. We also discuss the effect of the polymer network density on the obtained physical parameters

Modular graphical ontology engineering evaluated

Ontology engineering is traditionally a complex and time-consuming process, requiring an intimate knowledge of description logic and predicting non-local effects of different ontological commitments. Pattern-based modular ontology engineering, coupled with a graphical modeling paradigm, can help make ontology engineering accessible to modellers with limited ontology expertise. We have developed CoModIDE, the Comprehensive Modular Ontology IDE, to develop and explore such a modeling approach. In this paper we present an evaluation of the CoModIDE tool, with a set of 21 subjects carrying out some typical modeling tasks. Our findings indicate that using CoModIDE improves task completion rate and reduces task completion time, compared to using standard Protégé. Further, our subjects report higher System Usability Scale (SUS) evaluation scores for CoModIDE, than for Protégé. The subjects also report certain room for improvements in the CoModIDE tool – notably, these comments all concern comparatively shallow UI bugs or issues, rather than limitations inherent in the proposed modeling method itself. We deduce that our modeling approach is viable, and propose some consequences for ontology engineering tool development