Empowering Latina/o Families to Navigate College Access

Background With the education crisis of Latinas/os, it is important to understand ways to increase access to college for the most vulnerable youth (Gándara & Contreras, 2009). To investigate strengths that promote college accessibility in underserved Latina/o families, the current qualitative study assessed the following: (1) Prior to beginning the intervention program and after the intervention program what forms of capital did families possess? (2) How did participating in the program change adolescents’ perception of their parents’ capital? (3) How did adolescents use agency to apply what they learned in college information intervention over time? Methods Latina/o parent-adolescent dyads (N = 11) participated in a college knowledge program in California. Sample included girls (67%) and 11-16 years of age (M = 14.0, SD = 1.78). Five of 11 families were interviewed 6-months post-effects of the intervention program. Research study used grounded theory inductive analysis approach (Corbin & Strauss, 2015). Results Question 1, Latina/o adolescents expressed aspirational, familial, navigational, and social capital before and after the intervention. Question 2, After participating in the intervention, adolescents expressed familial support through a combination of tangible (drop me off at school) and intangible (want me to be a good man) acts. Question 3, focused on the 6-month post-effects of the intervention program. Adolescents expressed agency by actively meeting requirements to apply to college, and understanding the path they need to reach their educational goals. Conclusion Discussion will focus on the importance of college information intervention programs in increasing Latino/a youth’s education experiences.https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/gradposters/1107/thumbnail.jp

Los usos de las gráficas para la resignificación de la derivada. Diferentes perspectivas teóricas

La presentación tiene el propósito de explicar cómo la socioepistemología nos permite estudiar y analizar la resignificación de la derivada, esto a través de los usos que se pueden dar a las gráficas. Además se presenta un contraste entre esta teoría y la de representaciones semióticas, para situar el problema de investigación en el contexto de la matemática educativa

La resignificación de las derivadas en un contexto gráfico a través de un estudio socioepistemológico de la naturaleza de las funciones

El escrito presenta los elementos conceptuales, desde una perspectiva socioepistemológica, que dan sustento al problema de investigación, las hipótesis y preguntas que se plantean, el problema busca evidenciar la resignificación de las derivadas. Esta resignificación se analizará en un contexto gráfico. Para realizar este análisis, se describen aspectos conceptuales tales como el contexto gráfico y la naturaleza de las funciones, así como los aspectos metodológicos que se consideran de manera inicial, así como las observaciones iniciales que se han obtenido

Unilateral sectioning of the superior ovarian nerve of rats with polycystic ovarian syndrome restores ovulation in the innervated ovary

The present study tested the hypothesis that if polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) results from activating the noradrenergic outflow to the ovary, unilaterally sectioning the superior ovarian nerve (SON) will result in ovulation by the denervated ovary, and the restoration of progesterone (P4), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) normal serum level. A single 2 mg dose of estradiol valerate (EV) to adult rats results in the development of a syndrome similar to the human PCOS. Ten-day old rats were injected with EV or vehicle solution (Vh) and were submitted to sham surgery, unilateral or bilateral sectioning of the SON at 24-days of age. The animals were sacrificed at 90 to 92 days of age, when they presented vaginal estrus preceded by a pro-estrus smear. In EV-treated animals, unilateral sectioning of the SON restored ovulation by the innervated ovary and unilateral or bilateral sectioning of the SON normalized testosterone and estradiol levels. These results suggest that aside from an increase in ovarian noradrenergic tone in the ovaries, in the pathogenesis of the PCOS participate other neural influences arriving to the ovaries via the SON, regulating spontaneous ovulation. Changes in P4, T and E2 serum levels induced by EV treatment seem to be controlled by neural signals arising from the abdominal wall and other signals arriving to the ovaries through the SON, and presents asymmetry

HIGIENE EN INSTALACIONES Y MANIPULACIÓN DE ALIMENTOS EN OCHO ORFANATOS DEL MUNICIPIO DE TORREÓN, COAHUILA (MEXICO)

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 8 orfanatos de Torreón, México, para evaluar la higiene de la manipulación de alimentos y de de las instalaciones. Se visitaron los albergues y se formularon una serie de preguntas al personal directivo del centro, al personal de mantenimiento, y al personal de cocina.Posteriormente se realizó la inspección de las instalaciones. Los resultados del estudio mostraron que las condiciones higiénicas en la preparación de los alimentos, son deficientes en la mayoría de los orfanatos. Las condiciones de higiene y sanidad de las instalaciones variaron considerablemente entre las casas hogar, dependiendo del grado de compromiso de los trabajadores, de la antigüedad de los edificios y de los presupuestos económicos de las instituciones. Es necesario llevar a cabo acciones de capacitación en los trabajadores encaminadas a crear conciencia de la importancia de la higiene en la salud de los niños.Palabras clave: orfanatos, preparación higiénica de alimentos, sanidad e higiene de las instalacionesorphanages, sanitary and hygienic conditions, meal preparation, state of hygien

Spironolactone Effect in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Wistar Rats

Introduction. Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, often associated with liver surgery, is an unresolved problem in the clinical practice. Spironolactone is an antagonist of aldosterone that has shown benefits over IR injury in several tissues, but its effects in hepatic IR are unknown. Objective. To evaluate the effect of spironolactone on IR-induced damage in liver. Materials and Methods. Total hepatic ischemia was induced in rats for 20 min followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Spironolactone was administered and hepatic injury, cytokine production, and oxidative stress were assessed. Results. After IR, increased transaminases levels and widespread acute inflammatory infiltrate, disorganization of hepatic hemorrhage trabeculae, and presence of apoptotic bodies were observed. Administration of SPI reduced biochemical and histological parameters of liver injury. SPI treatment increased IL-6 levels when compared with IR group but did not modify either IL-1β or TNF-α with respect to IR group. Regarding oxidative stress, increased levels of catalase activity were recorded in IR + SPI group in comparison with group without treatment, whereas MDA levels were similar in IR + SPI and IR groups. Conclusions. Spironolactone reduced the liver damage induced by IR, and this was associated with an increase in IL-6 production and catalase activity

Hepatoprotective effect of commercial herbal extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in Wistar rats

Background: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of arbutin protect against a number of diseases. Objectives: The present study evaluated the protective effect of arbutin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods: Sixty-three Wistar rats were divided into nine groups. Groups I and II were the normal control groups. Group III, the hepatotoxic group, was given CCl4. Groups IV, VI, and VIII received different dosages of arbutin along with CCl4. Groups V, VII, and IX were administered different dosages of arbutin. The albumin content, total protein, and bilirubin were assayed to determine their serum and antioxidant levels; lipid peroxidation was assessed in the serum and liver tissue. Histological studies were carried out to confirm the biochemical results. Results: Treatment with CCl4 for 28 d decreased the levels of total protein and albumin and increased the level of bilirubin and lipid peroxidation. Arbutin treatment raised the level of albumin and lowered the lipid peroxidation to normal levels. Necrosis and fibrosis were observed in the liver tissue of CCl4-injected rats, and the administration of arbutin had a protective effect on the liver tissue. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that arbutin may protect the liver against CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rats. This hepatoprotective effect might be correlated with the antioxidant and free radical scavenger effects of arbutin

Actividad antiinflamatoria y antioxidante de los α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales en un modelo de daño por isquemia-reperfusión en ratas Wistar

Introduction: Essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs are used in the treatment of chronic kidney disease to delay the symptoms of uremia. However, it is unknown whether essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs affect the oxidative stress and the inflammation in acute renal injury such as those produced by ischemia-reperfusion.Objective: To evaluate the effect of essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in Wistar rats.Materials and methods: Rats were divided into 11 groups (n=6/group): Two groups received physiological saline with or without ischemia-reperfusion injury (45 min/24 h), six groups received essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs (400, 800, or 1,200 mg/kg/24 h/7d) with or without ischemia-reperfusion injury (essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs + ischemia-reperfusion), and two groups received allopurinol (50 mg/kg/24 h/7d) with or without ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochemical markers included creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), renal damage markers (cystatin C, KIM-1, and NGAL), and markers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant activity.Results: The essential amino acid α-keto acid analog- and allopurinol-treated groups had lower levels of creatinine, BUN, renal damage markers, proinflammatory cytokines, and MDA than their corresponding ischemia-reperfusion groups. These changes were related to the essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs dosage. Total antioxidant activity was lower in essential amino acid α-keto acid analog- and allopurinol-treated groups than in the corresponding ischemia-reperfusion groups.Conclusions: This is a new report on the nephroprotective effects of essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Essential amino acid α-keto acid analogs decreased the levels of biochemical markers, kidney injury markers, proinflammatory cytokines, and MDA while minimizing total antioxidant consumption.Introducción. Los α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales se utilizan en el tratamiento de la enfermedad renal crónica para retrasar los síntomas de la uremia. Sin embargo, se desconoce si los α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales afectan el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación en la lesión renal aguda tal como en la producida por la isquemia-reperfusión.Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de las α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales sobre la lesión renal por isquemia-reperfusión en ratas Wistar.Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 11 grupos de ratas (n=6): dos grupos recibieron solución salina fisiológica con lesión isquemia-reperfusión o sin ella (45 min/24 h), seis grupos recibieron α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales (400, 800 o 1.200 mg/kg/24 h/7d) con lesión isquemia-reperfusión o sin ella (α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales + isquemia-reperfusión), y dos grupos recibieron (50 mg/kg/24 h/7d) con lesión isquemia-reperfusión o sin ella. Los marcadores bioquímicos incluyeron creatinina y nitrógeno ureico en sangre (BUN), citocinas proinflamatorias (IL-1β, IL-6 y TNF-α), marcadores de daño renal (cistatina C, KIM-1 y NGAL) y marcadores del estrés oxidativo como el malondialdehído (MDA) y la actividad antioxidante total.Resultados. Los grupos tratados con α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales y alopurinol tuvieron niveles inferiores de creatinina, BUN, marcadores de daño renal, citocinas proinflamatorias, actividad antioxidante total y MDA que los grupos isquemia-reperfusión correspondientes. Estos cambios se asociaron con la dosis. La actividad antioxidante total fue menor en los grupos tratados con α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales que en los grupos isquemia-reperfusión correspondientes.Conclusiones. Este es un nuevo informe de los efectos nefroprotectores de las α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales contra la lesión isquemia-reperfusión. Los α-cetoanálogos de aminoácidos esenciales disminuyeron los niveles de los marcadores bioquímicos, de los de lesión renal, de las citocinas proinflamatorias y el MDA, a la vez que minimizaron el consumo total de antioxidantes

Mediación tecnológica en el fomento de la lectura y la escritura en adolescentes

The need for strengthening reading habits to develop literacy competencies in teenage students, with ICT as a mediator, constitutes the backbone for this current paper. The new forms of communication have an important repercussion in teenager’s literacy. The National Program for Learnings Assessment -known in spanish as Plan Nacional para la Evaluación de los Aprendizajes- indicates that highest school students do not know how to use strategies for understanding what they read; as for the Reading Module -know in spanish as Módulo de Lectura- informs that the average reading rate is 3.4 books per year, and barely a quarter of the reading population understand what they read on its entirety. Based on a document review method, the role ICT fulfills in promoting reading habits was analyzed in 25 scientific articles, along with its effect in teaching Language, Literature and Communication. It is inferred that technological incorporation, on its different manifestations, has positive effects in the high school students’ learning process.La lectura y la escritura son competencias esenciales para la vida, por lo que su aprendizaje representa uno de los objetivos primordiales de la educación. La inclusión de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) ha transformado cómo y a través de qué se lee y escribe. El contexto actual exige la configuración de prácticas educativas orientadas a la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura con herramientas tecnológicas y servicios digitales. Con base en un procedimiento de revisión documental, se analizó, en 22 artículos científicos, el efecto de la integración de las TIC en el desarrollo de habilidades de lectura y escritura en estudiantes de educación media superior. Se conjetura que el fomento de estas habilidades es posible mediante la incorporación tecnológica en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje