Ophthalmol Ther

The healthcare burden of cardiovascular diseases remains a major issue worldwide. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and improving identification of people with a higher risk profile of systemic vascular disease through noninvasive examinations is crucial. In ophthalmology, retinal vascular network imaging is simple and noninvasive and can provide in vivo information of the microstructure and vascular health. For more than 10 years, different research teams have been working on developing software to enable automatic analysis of the retinal vascular network from different imaging techniques (retinal fundus photographs, OCT angiography, adaptive optics, etc.) and to provide a description of the geometric characteristics of its arterial and venous components. Thus, the structure of retinal vessels could be considered a witness of the systemic vascular status. A new approach called "oculomics" using retinal image datasets and artificial intelligence algorithms recently increased the interest in retinal microvascular biomarkers. Despite the large volume of associated research, the role of retinal biomarkers in the screening, monitoring, or prediction of systemic vascular disease remains uncertain. A PubMed search was conducted until August 2022 and yielded relevant peer-reviewed articles based on a set of inclusion criteria. This literature review is intended to summarize the state of the art in oculomics and cardiovascular disease research

A worldwide survey on incidence, management and prognosis of oesophageal fistula formation following atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: The POTTER-AF study.

AIMS Oesophageal fistula represents a rare but dreadful complication of atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. Data on its incidence, management and outcome are sparse. METHODS AND RESULTS This international multicenter registry investigates the characteristics of oesophageal fistulae after treatment of atrial fibrillation by catheter ablation. A total of 553,729 catheter ablation procedures (radiofrequency: 62.9%, cryoballoon: 36.2%, other modalities: 0.9%) were performed at 214 centers in 35 countries. In 78 centers 138 patients (0.025%, radiofrequency: 0.038%, cryoballoon: 0.0015% (p<0.0001)) were diagnosed with an oesophageal fistula. Periprocedural data were available for 118 patients (85.5%). Following catheter ablation, the median time to symptoms and the median time to diagnosis were 18 (7.75, 25; range: 0-60) days and 21 (15, 29.5; range: 2-63) days, respectively. The median time from symptom onset to oesophageal fistula diagnosis was 3 (1, 9; range: 0-42) days. The most common initial symptom was fever (59.3%). The diagnosis was established by chest computed tomography in 80.2% of patients. Oesophageal surgery was performed in 47.4% and direct endoscopic treatment in 19.8%, and conservative treatment in 32.8% of patients. The overall mortality was 65.8%. Mortality following surgical (51.9%) or endoscopic treatment (56.5%) was significantly lower as compared to conservative management (89.5%) (odds ratio 7.463 (2.414, 23.072) p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Oesophageal fistula after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is rare and occurs mostly with the use of radiofrequency energy rather than cryoenergy. Mortality without surgical or endoscopic intervention is exceedingly high

The effectiveness of home versus community-based weight control programmes initiated soon after breast cancer diagnosis: a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundBreast cancer diagnosis may be a teachable moment for lifestyle behaviour change and to prevent adjuvant therapy associated weight gain. We assessed the acceptability and effectiveness of two weight control programmes initiated soon after breast cancer diagnosis to reduce weight amongst overweight or obese women and prevent gains in normal-weight women.MethodsOverweight or obese (n?=?243) and normal weight (n?=?166) women were randomised to a three-month unsupervised home (home), a supervised community weight control programme (community) or to standard written advice (control). Primary end points were change in weight and body fat at 12 months. Secondary end points included change in insulin, cardiovascular risk markers, quality of life and cost-effectiveness of the programmes.ResultsForty-three percent of eligible women were recruited. Both programmes reduced weight and body fat: home vs. control mean (95% CI); weight ?2.3 (?3.5, ?1.0) kg, body fat ?1.6 (?2.6, ?0.7) kg, community vs. control; weight ?2.4 (?3.6, ?1.1) kg, body fat ?1.4 (?2.4, ?0.5) kg (all p?&#x3c;?0.001). The community group increased physical activity, reduced insulin, cardiovascular disease risk markers, increased QOL and was cost-effective.ConclusionsThe programmes were equally effective for weight control, but the community programme had additional benefits.Clinical trial registrationISRCTN6857614

Implications du stress oxydant et du fer dans la cardiotoxicité des anthracyclines et du trastuzumab

Cancer treatment has advanced considerably in recent years, allowing a reduction in mortality. Longer life expectancy of patients has helped to highlight the delayed onset of cardiovascular toxicity induced by these chemotherapies. The pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for these cardiac dysfunctions are complex, entangled and remain partially unknown. A better understanding of the phenomena involved in these cardiotoxicities is needed to prevent their occurrence. Therefore, we have developed two different experimental approaches to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the cardiac toxicity of anthracyclines and trastuzumab.A first experimental study aimed to clarify the role of iron in heart failure induced by anthracyclines. We have demonstrated that a tissular iron overload in mice prior to doxorubicin injection does not increase the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy. On the contrary, the involvement of anti-radical defenses following the iron load could reduce cardiac oxidative damage generated by doxorubicin. In view of these data, the role of iron chelators in cardioprotection against anthracyclines has to be questioned.Our second experimental work was to elucidate the role of overweight in the development of anthracycline and trastuzumab cardiotoxicity. Using a mouse model of moderate overweight and of increased risk of cardiometabolic induced postnatal programming, we have highlighted the role of overweight on the development of anthracycline cardiotoxicity; whereas trastuzumab cardiotoxicity did not appear to be increased by overweight. Our work also clarified the conditions in which there are cumulative cardiac alterations when doxorubicin and trastuzumab are associated.Notre deuxième travail expérimental visait à élucider le rôle de la surcharge pondérale dans le développement de la cardiotoxicité des anthracyclines et du trastuzumab. Grâce à un modèle murin de surpoids modéré et de risque cardio-métabolique accru induits par programmation post-natale, nous avons mis en évidence le rôle potentiateur d’une surcharge pondérale sur le développement de la cardiotoxicité aux anthracyclines ; alors que la cardiotoxicité du trastuzumab ne semble pas être en revanche majorée par le surpoids. Nos travaux ont également permis de préciser les conditions dans lesquelles existent des potentialisations des effets lors de l’association doxorubicine et trastuzumab

Implications du stress oxydant et du fer dans la cardiotoxicité des anthracyclines et du trastuzumab

Cancer treatment has advanced considerably in recent years, allowing a reduction in mortality. Longer life expectancy of patients has helped to highlight the delayed onset of cardiovascular toxicity induced by these chemotherapies. The pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for these cardiac dysfunctions are complex, entangled and remain partially unknown. A better understanding of the phenomena involved in these cardiotoxicities is needed to prevent their occurrence. Therefore, we have developed two different experimental approaches to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the cardiac toxicity of anthracyclines and trastuzumab.A first experimental study aimed to clarify the role of iron in heart failure induced by anthracyclines. We have demonstrated that a tissular iron overload in mice prior to doxorubicin injection does not increase the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy. On the contrary, the involvement of anti-radical defenses following the iron load could reduce cardiac oxidative damage generated by doxorubicin. In view of these data, the role of iron chelators in cardioprotection against anthracyclines has to be questioned.Our second experimental work was to elucidate the role of overweight in the development of anthracycline and trastuzumab cardiotoxicity. Using a mouse model of moderate overweight and of increased risk of cardiometabolic induced postnatal programming, we have highlighted the role of overweight on the development of anthracycline cardiotoxicity; whereas trastuzumab cardiotoxicity did not appear to be increased by overweight. Our work also clarified the conditions in which there are cumulative cardiac alterations when doxorubicin and trastuzumab are associated.Notre deuxième travail expérimental visait à élucider le rôle de la surcharge pondérale dans le développement de la cardiotoxicité des anthracyclines et du trastuzumab. Grâce à un modèle murin de surpoids modéré et de risque cardio-métabolique accru induits par programmation post-natale, nous avons mis en évidence le rôle potentiateur d’une surcharge pondérale sur le développement de la cardiotoxicité aux anthracyclines ; alors que la cardiotoxicité du trastuzumab ne semble pas être en revanche majorée par le surpoids. Nos travaux ont également permis de préciser les conditions dans lesquelles existent des potentialisations des effets lors de l’association doxorubicine et trastuzumab

Letter by Benali et al Regarding Article, &quot;Does Timing of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation Affect Prognosis in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator? Results From the Multicenter Randomized PARTITA Trial&quot;

International audienc

Reply to Z. Cheraghi et al.

IF 24.008Lettre à l'éditeur ("Journal of clinical oncology" vol. 35, n°8). http://ascopubs.org/doi/pdf/10.1200/JCO.2016.71.3842En référence à : Cheraghi Z, Ayubi E, Doosti-Irani A: Obesity as a risk factor for anthracyclinesand trastuzumab cardiotoxicity in breast cancer: Methodologic issues to avoidmisinterpretation in the meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 35:923, 201

New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Sepsis : So Common, but So Different

Lettre à l'éditeur ("Critical care medicine" vol. 44, n°5). http://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal/Citation/2016/05000/New_Onset_Atrial_Fibrillation_in_Sepsis___So.38.asp