Alternativas al glifosato utilizado como herbicida

Treball Final de Grau en Enginyeria Agroalimentària i del Medi Rural. Codi: AG1042. Curs: 2019/2020El presente trabajo se define con el objetivo de estudio de alternativas al uso del glifosato como materia activa en los herbicidas. El suceso se produce porque el producto es de tipo no selectivo, sistémico y post-emergente, de manera que puede ser utilizado para el control de malezas anuales y perennes. Su aplicación se extiende sobre un gran abanico de cultivos, entre los cuales se encuentran desde frutales como la vid, hasta cultivos de cereales

Del comercio internacional al desarrollo sostenible. Análisis de la globalización y de sus alternativas

Análisis de la globalización y de las alternativas que se presentan ante los problemas económicos, sociales y ambientales surgidos. También se observará los acontecimientos en los ámbitos económico, social y ambiental, del comercio internacional, y como se puede reorientar a la sociedad a un desarrollo sostenible. Siendo el desarrollo local fuente de riqueza y crecimiento económico

Which tone-mapping operator is the best? A comparative study of perceptual quality

Altres ajuts: CERCA Programme/Generalitat de CatalunyaPublicat sota la llicència Open Access Publishing Agreement, específica d'Optica Publishing Group https://opg.optica.org/submit/review/pdf/CopyrightTransferOpenAccessAgreement-2022-06-27.pdfTone-mapping operators (TMOs) are designed to generate perceptually similar low-dynamic-range images from high-dynamic-range ones. We studied the performance of 15 TMOs in two psychophysical experiments where observers compared the digitally generated tone-mapped images to their corresponding physical scenes. All experiments were performed in a controlled environment, and the setups were designed to emphasize different image properties: in the first experiment we evaluated the local relationships among intensity levels, and in the second one we evaluated global visual appearance among physical scenes and tone-mapped images, which were presented side by side. We ranked the TMOs according to how well they reproduced the results obtained in the physical scene. Our results show that ranking position clearly depends on the adopted evaluation criteria, which implies that, in general, these tone-mapping algorithms consider either local or global image attributes but rarely both. Regarding the question of which TMO is the best, KimKautz ["Consistent tone reproduction," in Proceedings of Computer Graphics and Imaging (2008)] and Krawczyk ["Lightness perception in tone reproduction for high dynamic range images," in Proceedings of Eurographics (2005), p. 3] obtained the better results across the different experiments. We conclude that more thorough and standardized evaluation criteria are needed to study all the characteristics of TMOs, as there is ample room for improvement in future developments

Clonal Glial Response in a Multiple Sclerosis Mouse Model

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease causing central nervous system (CNS) demyelination and axonal injury. In the last years the importance of astrocytes in MS is rapidly increasing, recognizing astrocytes as highly active players in MS pathogenesis. Usually the role assigned to astrocytes in MS lesions has been the formation of the glial scar, but now their implication during lesion formation and the immune response increasingly recognized. Since astrocytes are a heterogeneous cell population with diverse roles in the CNS, the aim of this study was to analyze the putative clonal response of astrocytes in a demyelinating scenario. To undertake this aim, we used the induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a murine model for MS in previously electroporated mice with in vivo multicolor lineage tracing system, the StarTrack methodology. Our data revealed a variety of morphological changes that were different among distinct clones. In many cases, cells of the same clone responded equally to the injury, while in other cases clonally-related cells responded differently to the injury. Therefore, whereas some clones exhibited a strong morphological alteration, other clones located at similar distances to the lesion were apparently unresponsive. Thus, at present there is no compelling evidences that clonal relationship influences the position or function of astrocytes in the EAE model. Further, the coexistence of different astroglial clonal responses to the bran injury reveals the significance of development to determine the astrocyte features that respond to brain injuries

Análisis motivacional en adolescentes. El SMAT (Test de motivaciones en adolescentes)

Terceres Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 1997-1998)El origen de la presente comunicación se sitúa en la realización de las prácticas correspondientes al Curso de Adaptación Pedagógica (C.A.P.) realizado en esta Universidad durante el curso 1997-98. En ellas realizamos una medición de los intereses motivacionales de los alumnos de dos cursos de 3º de B.U.P. a partir de la aplicación del Test de Motivaciones en Adolescentes (SMAT). Nuestro objetivo fundamental era valorar aspectos de la validez criterial del instrumento, en relación a su capacidad predictiva sobre el rendimiento escolar de los alumnos. Para ello, comparamos los resultados obtenidos en la prueba con los resultados académicos de los alumnos en la evaluación que en ese momento estaban realizando

The Link of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized clinically by the accumulation of neurological disability without unequivocal recovery. Understanding the mechanisms that determine entering in this stage of the disease is a great challenge in order to identify potential therapeutic targets. Recent advances in defining more accurately the progressive phenotype of MS, have concluded that differences between primary and secondary progressive forms of disease are relatively quantitative rather than qualitative. In both cases, a large number of molecular and cellular events that might lead to neurodegeneration have been suggested. These include microglia activation, chronic oxidative injury, accumulation of mitochondrial damage in axons, age-related disturbances and dysfunctional axonal transport among others. Commonly, these pathological mechanisms have been considered as a result of inflammatory demyelination but a primary degenerative condition has also been argued. It is now clear that both events contribute to the progression of the disease, however their temporal sequence is still a matter of debate. A detailed knowledge of progressive MS pathogenesis will allow to develop effective treatments for both progression and symptom management that should be based on a combination of anti-inflammatory, regenerative and neuroprotective strategies. In this review, we summarize current data and recent hypothesis about pathological forces that drive progression of damage in MS, i.e. cumulative cortical demyelination and neurodegeneration as well as diffuse alterations (microglia activation, axonal injury and atrophy) throughout white and grey matter in the brain and spinal cord. Finally, we discuss the potential of the aforementioned proposed disease mechanisms with regard to developing suitable therapies to halt the progression in MS pathology.Work in our laboratory is funded by CIBERNED, Gobierno Vasco (EJ/GV) and MINECO (SAF2013-45084-R)

A sequence of polynomials with optimal condition number

We find an explicit sequence of univariate polynomials of arbitrary degree with optimal condition number. This solves a problem posed by Michael Shub and Stephen Smale in 1993.The first and second authors were partially supported by Ministerio de Econom´ıa y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa˜na, through grants MTM2017-83816-P and MTM2017-90682-REDT, and by the Banco de Santander and Universidad de Cantabria grant 21.SI01.64658. The second author was also supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF project F5503 (part of the Special Research Program (SFB) Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods: Theory and Applications). The third and fourth authors have been partially supported by grant MTM2017-83499-P by the Ministerio de Econom´ıa y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa˜na and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (project 2017 SGR 358)

Isolation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> sp from lungs of pigs from slaughthering houses

Se realizó un estudio microbiológico de 100 pulmones obtenidos al azar provenientes de capones y hembras sin servicio faenados en diferentes mataderos. Estos fueron clasificados macroscópicamente en pulmones con lesiones neumónicas (CLN) (43) y sin lesiones neumónicas (SLN) (57). Las muestras fueron procesadas para realizar el aislamiento y caracterización de microorganismos perteneciente al género Mycoplasma, en particular Mycoplasma hyorhinis y Mycoplasma hyosynoviae. De casos seleccionados se realizaron estudios para aislamiento y caracterización de bacterias Gram negativas. M. hyorhinis fue aislado en 48 oportunidades, de las cuales un 56,3% se obtuvieron de pulmones CLN y un 36,8% de pulmones SLN. Mycoplasma hyosynoviae fue aislado en 12 muestras, correspondiendo en un 19,2% a pulmones SLN y un 2,3% a pulmones CLN. El aislamiento de M.hyorhinis asociado a M.hyosynoviae se obtuvo en cinco oportunidades, y el de M. hyorhinis y Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae en dos oportunidades. El 27% de los pulmones no presentaron lesiones neumónicas y en ellos no se aislaron Mycoplasma.A microbiological study of 100 lungs obtained, at random from nonpregnant females and fattening pigs, in several slaughterhouses was carried out. Lungs were classified by macroscopical examination as: lungs with pneumonic lesions (PL) (43) and with out pneumonic lesions (WPL) (57). The samples were processed to carry out isolation and characterization of Mycoplasma genus microorganism, particularly Mycoplasma hyorhinis and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae. In 48 out of 100 samples, M. Hyorhinis was isolated, from which 56,3% was found in PL and 36,8% in WPL. On the other hand, M. Hyosynoviae was isolated in 12 opportunities, corresponding 19,2% from normal lungs and 2,35% from pneumonic ones. M. hyorhinis was isolated in association with M. hyosynoviae in 5 cases, and with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in 2 opportunities. No pneumonic lesions were found in 27% of the lungs, and none of them was positive to Mycoplasma sp. Our results indicate the presence of M. hyorhinis was considered as secondary agent in pneumonic cases, and M. hyosynoviae as a causative agent of arthritis and sinovitis, but without pathological significance in the development of pneumonia. The presence of M. hyosynoviae in the lungs only has a meaning in the dissernination process.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Sonic calzaría Nike

Decenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2004-2005

Tear Secretion Induced by Selective Stimulation of Corneal and Conjunctival Sensory Nerve Fibers

Purpose. To measure the increase in tear secretion evoked by selective stimulation of the different populations of sensory receptors of the cornea and conjunctiva by using moderate and intense mechanical, chemical, and cold stimuli. Methods. Six healthy subjects participated in the study. Tear secretion was measured in both eyes by the Schirmer’s test conducted under control conditions and after stimulation of the center of the cornea and the temporal conjunctiva with a gas esthesiometer. Mechanical stimulation consisted in three pulses of 3 seconds’ duration of warmed air (at 34°C on the eye surface) applied at moderate (170 mL/min) and high (260 mL/min) flow rates. Cold thermal stimulation was made with cooled air that produced a corneal temperature drop of −1°C or −4.5°C. Chemical (acidic) stimulation was performed with a jet of gas containing a mixture of 80% CO2 in air. Results. The basal volume of tear secretion increased significantly (P < 0.05, paired t-test) after stimulation of the cornea with high-flow mechanical stimuli (260 mL/min), intense cooling pulses (−4.5°C), and chemical stimulation (80% CO2). The same stimuli were ineffective when applied to the conjunctiva. Moderate mechanical (170 mL/min) and cold (−1°C) stimulation of the cornea or the conjunctiva did not change significantly the volume of tear secretion. Conclusions. Reflex tear secretion caused by corneal stimulation seems to be chiefly due to activation of corneal polymodal nociceptors, whereas selective excitation of corneal mechanonociceptors or cold receptors appears to be less effective in evoking an augmented lacrimal secretion. Conjunctival receptors stimulated at equivalent levels do not evoke an increased tear secretion