A comparison of three different target-controlled remifentanil infusion rates during target-controlled propofol infusion for oocyte retrieval

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of three different target-controlled remifentanil infusion rates during target-controlled propofol infusion on hemodynamic parameters, pain, sedation, and recovery score during oocyte retrieval. METHODS: Sixty-nine women were scheduled for oocyte retrieval. Target-controlled propofol infusion at an effectsite concentration of 1.5 μg/mL was instituted. The patients were randomly allocated to receive remifentanil at an effect-site concentration of either 1.5 (group I, n = 23), 2 (group II, n = 23) or 2.5 ng/mL (group III, n = 23). Hemodynamic variables, sedation, pain, the Aldrete recovery score, and side effects were recorded. RESULTS: Hemodynamic variables, sedation and pain scores and the number of patients with the maximum Aldrete recovery score 10 min after the procedure were comparable among the groups. The number of patients in group III with the maximum Aldrete recovery score 5 min after the procedure was significantly lower than that in groups I and II. One patient in group II and one patient in group III suffered from nausea. CONCLUSION: Similar pain-free conscious sedation conditions without significant changes in hemodynamic parameters were provided by all three protocols. However, target controlled infusion of remifentanil at 1.5 or 2 ng/mL proved superior at providing early recovery compared to 2.5 ng/mL

The use of inflammatory markers as a diagnostic and prognostic approach in neonatal calves with septicaemia

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of inflammatory markers as a diagnostic and prognostic approach in neonatal calves with septicaemia. The study material consisted of 13 neonatal calves with septicaemia (septicaemic calves, SC) and ten healthy neonatal calves (control calves, CC). Blood samples were collected for biochemical, haematological and microbiological analyses. In addition, faecal samples were collected for microbiological and virological analyses. Three of neonatal calves with septicaemia were positive for E. coli (E. coli O157 serotype) by microbiological examination, but all neonatal calves with septicaemia were negative for rota- and coronaviruses. By haematological examination, there were no significant differences between SC and CC for white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil (NEU) counts (P > 0.05). NEU counts were higher on day 0 than on day 15 in SC (P < 0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) counts and packed cell volume (PCV) values were higher on day 0 in the SC than in the CC (P < 0.05). By biochemical analyses, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), haptoglobin (Hp), and fibrinogen (Fb) concentrations were higher on day 0 in the SC than in the CC (P < 0.05). After treatment (on day 15), the serum IL-6, PCT, Hp, and Fb concentrations were significantly decreased in the SC compared to the CC (P < 0.05). The serum iron (Fe) concentrations were lower on day 0 in the SC than in the CC (P < 0.05), and were higher on day 15 than on day 0 in the SC (P < 0.05). The study revealed that inflammatory markers could be used for determining the diagnosis and prognosis in neonatal calves with septicaemia

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey

Conclusion: We present the largest cohort of children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia in the literature to date. Hyperprolactinemia is more common in females and cabergoline is highly effective and practical to use in adolescents, due to its biweekly dosing. Indications for surgery in pediatric cases need to be revised

Therapeutic effects of intralipid and medialipid emulsions in a rat model of verapamil toxicity

Background/aim: Lipid emulsions are promising as a potential new therapy for severe verapamil overdose. Our purpose is to draw attention to the choice of solution by investigating the efficacy of intralipid 20\% or medialipid 20\% in verapamil overdose. Materials and methods: Eighteen adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (saline; Group C), intralipid 20\% (Group I), and medialipid 20\% (Group M). Rats were anesthetized with ketamine. Blood gas analysis, baseline heart rate (HRb), and mean arterial pressure (MAP(b)) were evaluated. Verapamil at 2.5 mg kg(-1) min(-1) was infused until the HRb and MAP(b) decreased by 50\% and the times to HR0 and MAP(0) were recorded. Treatment solutions of the groups were administered as 12.4 mL kg(-1) in 5 min. Results: While HR did not show a difference, MAP showed statistically significant differences among the groups. Intralipid 20\% was more efficient than the other two treatments at an early stage; however, as the administration time progressed, medialipid 20\% also turned out to be more efficient than the control treatment. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that in a toxicity model of rats produced with verapamil, intralipid 20\% and medialipid 20\% solutions partially eliminate cardiac- depressant effects and increase the survival rate

Severe disseminated mycobacterial infection in a boy with a novel mutation leading to IFN-γR2 deficiency

Immunogenetics and cellular immunology of bacterial infectious disease

Is there an influence of hepatic steatosis on fibrosis and necroinflammation in young patients with chronic viral hepatitis B?

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the association of liver fibrosis and necroinflammation with HS in untreated young patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)